Genetic analysis of resistance toPuccinia striiformisf.sp. triticiin cv. Aflak at adult plant stage

Abstract Stripe rust, also known as yellow rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is a major threat to wheat production leading to yield losses up to 84%. Due to climate change, new races of the yellow rust pathogen are appearing for which no durable source of resistance has been observed in the present high-yielding varieties. A mutation breeding programme was initiated in two popular varieties, namely PBW343 and HD2967, using gamma-ray and electron beam irradiation. Gamma-ray doses of 250, 300 and 350 Gy and electron beam doses of 150, 200 and 250 Gy were used for seed irradiation. The M2 population was screened in the field from seedling to adult plant stage by spraying a mixture of urediniospores of Pst pathotypes. Disease severity was recorded as the percentage of leaf area covered by the rust pathogen following a modified Cobb's scale. A total of 52 putative yellow rust resistant mutants in HD2967 and 63 in PBW343 were isolated. The number of mutants was higher in the electron beam irradiated population compared with gamma-rays. The absence of sporulation and spore production of the rust pathogen on the mutants indicated resistance. Mutant plants showing seedling resistance also showed resistance at adult plant stage. Seed yield and its contributing characters were better in the mutants compared with the parents. These rust resistant mutants could be novel sources of stripe rust or yellow rust resistance. The plant-to-row progenies of these mutants were confirmed and characterized in the M3 generation.

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Seedling and adult-plant stage resistance of a world collection of barley genotypes to stripe rust

Journal of Phytopathology ◽

10.1111/jph.12655 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 166 (1) ◽

pp. 18-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Sanjaya Gyawali ◽

Ramesh Pal Singh Verma ◽

Subodh Kumar ◽

Subhash Chand Bhardwaj ◽

Om Prakash Gangwar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stripe Rust ◽

Adult Plant ◽

Adult Plant Stage ◽

World Collection ◽

Plant Stage ◽

Barley Genotypes

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Mapping of QTL conferring leaf rust resistance in Chinese wheat lines W014204 and Fuyu 3 at adult plant stage

Journal of Integrative Agriculture ◽

10.1016/s2095-3119(14)60974-6 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 18-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ai-yong QI ◽

Pei-pei ZHANG ◽

Yue ZHOU ◽

Zhan-jun YAO ◽

Zai-feng LI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Rust ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Leaf Rust Resistance ◽

Adult Plant ◽

Adult Plant Stage ◽

Plant Stage ◽

Wheat Lines ◽

Chinese Wheat

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Classification Method of Rape Root Swelling Disease Based on Convolution Neural Network

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/2138/1/012003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2138 (1) ◽

pp. 012003

Author(s):

Yuan Gao ◽

Changhua Liu ◽

Xiaoming Wu

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Convolutional Neural Network ◽

Seedling Stage ◽

Adult Plant ◽

Accuracy Rate ◽

Adult Plant Stage ◽

Candidate Network ◽

Plant Stage ◽

Swelling Model ◽

Root Swelling

Abstract Both the seedling stage and the adult plant stage of rape can be infected with root edema, and the damaged roots swell to form tumors of different sizes and shapes. The incidence of rape root swelling at the seedling stage reached 17%, and the average incidence at the adult plant stage was 15%, resulting in a 10.2% reduction in rape production. The average plant height, number of siliques, number of kernels per horn, 1000-seed weight and yield per plant of healthy plants were significantly higher than those of diseased plants. Grading root lesions can help trace the root causes of root lesions. However, the method of grading is often performed manually by professionals at present, which has the problems of low speed and low efficiency. In order to solve this problem, a method for grading rape root swelling based on deep convolutional neural network is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a rape root swelling model based on convolutional neural network and regional candidate network was established, and then implement it on the deep learning Tensorflow framework Model, and finally compare and analyze the results. The rape root swelling model uses the VGG16 network to extract the characteristics of the rape root swelling image. The regional candidate network generates the preliminary position candidate frame of the rape root swelling, and Fast-RCNN realizes the classification and positioning of the candidate frame. The results show that this method can achieve rapid and accurate detection of healthy, first-level tumors, second-level tumors, and third-level tumors of four-level rape root swelling, with an average accuracy rate of 84.12%. The experimental results show that the accuracy rate can reach more than 90%.

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RNA-seq reveals few differences in resistant and susceptible responses of barley to infection by the spot blotch pathogenBipolaris sorokiniana

10.1101/384529 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Matthew Haas ◽

Martin Mascher ◽

Claudia Castell-Miller ◽

Brian J. Steffenson

Keyword(s):

Expression Profiles ◽

Durable Resistance ◽

Defense Responses ◽

Spot Blotch ◽

Seedling Stage ◽

Differentially Expressed ◽

Adult Plant ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Adult Plant Stage ◽

Plant Stage

AbstractSpot blotch, caused byBipolaris sorokiniana(Sacc.) Shoem., is an economically important disease affecting barley (Hordeum vulgareL.). The disease has largely been controlled in the Upper Midwest region of the USA through a suite of quantitative trait loci (QTL) termed the Midwest Six-rowed Durable Resistance Haplotype (MSDRH). These QTL have been bred into all six-rowed Midwest barley cultivars, including the widely used cultivar Morex. We identified a gamma ray- induced Morex mutant (MUT) that exhibits spot blotch susceptibility at the seedling stage. This mutant also spontaneously develops extremely large necrotic lesions in the absence of the pathogen at the adult plant stage. Spot blotch susceptibility at the seedling stage and necrotic lesion formation at the adult plant stage are highly correlated. To start dissecting the molecular responses underlying the observed symptoms at the seedling stage, we conducted a time course RNA-seq experiment comparing the wild type (WT) and the mutant (MUT) Morex at 12, 24 and 36 h afterB. sorokinianainoculation. Mock-inoculated controls were also included. A total of 10,772 and 11,530 genes were differentially expressed between treatments for WT and MUT genotypes, respectively, while 277 and 195 genes were differentially expressed between fungal and mock-inoculated genotypes, respectively. The transcript expression profiles of WT and MUT Morex samples were similar for most treatments. Two genes whose expression was putatively knocked out in the MUT were identified: HORVU3Hr1G019920 (glycine-rich protein) and HORVU5Hr1G120850 (Long- chain-fatty-acid—CoA ligase 1). The latter appears to be genetically intact, but not expressed. Collectively, these data suggest that MUT susceptibility toB. sorokinianais a result of minor, rather than major, differences in the defense responses.

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Deciphering resistance to Zymoseptoria tritici in the Tunisian durum wheat landrace accession ‘Agili39’

10.21203/rs.3.rs-923215/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sahbi Ferjaoui ◽

Lamia Aouini ◽

Rim Ben Slimane ◽

Karim Ammar ◽

Suzanne Dreisigacker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Durum Wheat ◽

Plant Resistance ◽

Adult Plant Resistance ◽

Field Trials ◽

Adult Plant ◽

Zymoseptoria Tritici ◽

Adult Plant Stage ◽

Plant Stage ◽

Explained Variance ◽

Major Qtl

Abstract Background Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by Zymoseptoria tritici (Z. tritici), is an important biotic threat to durum wheat in the entire Mediterranean Basin. Although most durum wheat cultivars are susceptible to Z. tritici, research in STB resistance in durum wheat has been limited. Results In our study, we have identified resistance to a wide array of Z. tritici isolates in the Tunisian durum wheat landrace accession ‘Agili39’. Subsequently, a recombinant inbred population was developed and tested under greenhouse conditions at the seedling stage with eight Z. tritici isolates and for five years under field conditions with three Z. tritici isolates. Mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) resulted in the identification of two major QTL on chromosome 2B designated as Qstb2B_1 and Qstb2B_2. The Qstb2B_1 QTL was mapped at the seedling and the adult plant stage (highest LOD 33.9, explained variance 61.6 %), conferring an effective resistance against five Z. tritici isolates. The Qstb2B_2 conferred adult plant resistance (highest LOD 32.9, explained variance 42 %) and has been effective at the field trials against two Z. tritici isolates. The Qstb2B_1 QTL was mapped at the seedling and the adult plant stage (highest LOD 33.9, explained variance 61.6 %), conferring an effective resistance against five Z. tritici isolates. The Qstb2B_2 conferred adult plant resistance (highest LOD 32.9, explained variance 42 %) and has been effective at the field trials against two Z. tritici. The physical positions of the flanking markers linked to Qstb2B_1 and Qstb2B_2 indicate that these two QTL are 5Mb apart. In addition, we identified two minor QTL on chromosomes 1A (Qstb1A) and chromosome 7A (Qstb7A) (highest LODs 4.6 and 4.0, and explained variances of 16 % and 9%, respectively) that were specific to three and one Z. tritici isolates, respectively. All identified QTL were derived from the landrace accession Agili39 that represents a valuable source for STB resistance in durum wheat. Conclusion This study demonstrates that Z. tritici resistance in the ‘Agili39’ landrace accession is controlled by two minor and two major QTL acting in an additive mode.

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ADULT PLANT RESISTANCE OF SOME OAT VARIETIES TO PHYSIOLOGIC RACES OF CROWN RUST

Canadian Journal of Research ◽

10.1139/cjr44c-025 ◽

1944 ◽

Vol 22c (6) ◽

pp. 287-289 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

B. Peturson

Keyword(s):

Plant Resistance ◽

Adult Plant Resistance ◽

Crown Rust ◽

Seedling Stage ◽

Puccinia Coronata ◽

Adult Plant ◽

Adult Plant Stage ◽

Plant Stage ◽

Physiologic Races ◽

Generalized Type

The reactions of five varieties of oats in the seedling and adult plant stages to seven physiologic races of crown rust, Puccinia coronata Corda var. Avenae Erikss. & Henn. were determined.All five varieties were completely susceptible in the seedling stage to all the races. Two varieties, Erban and Ajax, were resistant in the adult plant stage to some of the races and susceptible or moderately susceptible to others. Two other varieties, R.L. No. 1370 and R.L. No. 1510 were resistant in the adult plant stage to all the races used in this test, and apparently possess a generalized type of adult plant resistance to crown rust.

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