Large-Scale Wheat Production at Oldeani, Tanganyika Territory

1944 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-230
Author(s):  
N. R. Fuggles-Couchman
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Wheat Production

scholarly journals Breeding progress for pathogen resistance is a second major driver for yield increase in German winter wheat at contrasting N levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Zetzsche ◽  
Wolfgang Friedt ◽  
Frank Ordon
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Over Time

AbstractBreeding has substantially increased the genetic yield potential, but fungal pathogens are still major constraints for wheat production. Therefore, breeding success for resistance and its impact on yield were analyzed on a large panel of winter wheat cultivars, representing breeding progress in Germany during the last decades, in large scale field trials under different fungicide and nitrogen treatments. Results revealed a highly significant effect of genotype (G) and year (Y) on resistances and G × Y interactions were significant for all pathogens tested, i.e. leaf rust, strip rust, powdery mildew and Fusarium head blight. N-fertilization significantly increased the susceptibility to biotrophic and hemibiotrophic pathogens. Resistance was significantly improved over time but at different rates for the pathogens. Although the average progress of resistance against each pathogen was higher at the elevated N level in absolute terms, it was very similar at both N levels on a relative basis. Grain yield was increased significantly over time under all treatments but was considerably higher without fungicides particularly at high N-input. Our results strongly indicate that wheat breeding resulted in a substantial increase of grain yield along with a constant improvement of resistance to fungal pathogens, thereby contributing to an environment-friendly and sustainable wheat production.

scholarly journals Analysis of Economic Efficiency and Farm Size: A Case Study of Wheat Farmers in Nakuru District, Kenya

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Mburu ◽  
Chris Ackello-Ogutu ◽  
Richard Mulwa
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
The Social ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

The primary objective of this study is to examine the effect of farm size on economic efficiency among wheat producers and to suggest ways to improve wheat production in the country. Specifically, the study attempts to estimate the levels of technical, allocative, and economic efficiencies among the sampled 130 large and small scale wheat producers in Nakuru District. The social-economic factors that influence economic efficiency in wheat production have also been determined. Results indicate that the mean technical, allocative, and economic efficiency indices of small scale wheat farmers are 85%, 96%, and 84%, respectively. The corresponding figures for the large scale farmers are 91%, 94%, and 88%, respectively. The number of years of school a farmer has had in formal education, distance to extension advice, and the size of the farm have strong influence on the efficiency levels. The relatively high levels of technical efficiency among the small scale farmers defy the notion that wheat can only be efficiently produced by the large scale farmers.

scholarly journals Synchronous crop failures and climate-forced production variability

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. eaaw1976 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. B. Anderson ◽  
R. Seager ◽  
W. Baethgen ◽  
M. Cane ◽  
L. You
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Production Variability ◽  
Modes Of Climate Variability

Large-scale modes of climate variability can force widespread crop yield anomalies and are therefore often presented as a risk to food security. We quantify how modes of climate variability contribute to crop production variance. We find that the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), tropical Atlantic variability (TAV), and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) together account for 18, 7, and 6% of globally aggregated maize, soybean, and wheat production variability, respectively. The lower fractions of global-scale soybean and wheat production variability result from substantial but offsetting climate-forced production anomalies. All climate modes are important in at least one region studied. In 1983, ENSO, the only mode capable of forcing globally synchronous crop failures, was responsible for the largest synchronous crop failure in the modern historical record. Our results provide the basis for monitoring, and potentially predicting, simultaneous crop failures.

scholarly journals Response of Zero Tillage Technique on Wheat Production in the Middle Indo-Gangetic Plains of Nalanda (Bihar)

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
V. K. Singh ◽  
Abhishek Pandey ◽  
V. Y. Deshpande ◽  
B. Shivarudrappa
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Gangetic Plains ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Economic Parameters ◽  
Monetary Return ◽  
Tillage Method

The present study was undertaken to compare the response of zero tillage method and conventional method on wheat production with respect to various growth, yield and economic parameters in the middle Indo-Gangetic Plains of Nalanda district of Bihar. The study was conducted during Rabi seasons of 2017-18 and 2018-19. Fourteen farmers were selected for the study, 7 of whom sowed with zero tillage machine and 7 followed broadcasting method. Four observation from each plot were taken, therefore, total 56 observations were taken for both the methods. Results showed that higher mean plant height was recorded by Zero Tillage (ZT) method (83.07±128 cm) followed by broadcasting method (79.57±187 cm) that shows significant difference. Significantly mean higher no. of tillers per square meters was recorded by ZT method (556.57±21.28) as compared to broadcasting method (501.07±13.48). Mean spike length was significantly higher in case of ZT method (11.96±0.53 cm) compared to broadcasting method (11.03±0.22 cm). Significantly higher mean no. of grains per spike was recorded in ZT method (45.42±0.93) compared to broadcasting method (42.46±1.03). Significantly higher mean 1000- grain weight (g) were recorded in ZT method (42.07±0.61) compared to broadcasting method (40.03±0.67). Highly significant difference was recorded in grain yield (tonnes/ha) between ZT (3.82±0.03) and broadcasting method (3.68±0.04). Also, there were highly significant difference recorded in all the economic parameters between ZT and broadcast method. Cost of cultivation (Rs. /ha), gross monetary return (Rs. /ha), net monetary return (Rs. /ha) and BCR for ZT method are 37564±289, 70657±620, 33093±677 and 1.88±0.02. Corresponding values for broadcasting method are 40427±256, 68087±728, 27659±759 and 1.68±0.02. From the two years on farm research study it is concluded that the Zero tillage method of wheat cultivation is cost saving, more remunerative with timely sowing and helpful for areas where burning of paddy straw after paddy harvesting is widely prevalent. This method can be promoted among the farmers in Bihar and other middle Indo- Gangetic Plain regions for large scale adoption.

Some comments about observations and image processing of comet 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
D. Kubáček ◽  
A. Galád ◽  
A. Pravda
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Harvard College ◽  
Oak Ridge ◽  
Large Scale Structures ◽  
Short Period Comet ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Scale Structures ◽  
Harvard College Observatory ◽  
Period Comet

AbstractUnusual short-period comet 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1 inspired many observers to explain its unpredictable outbursts. In this paper large scale structures and features from the inner part of the coma in time periods around outbursts are studied. CCD images were taken at Whipple Observatory, Mt. Hopkins, in 1989 and at Astronomical Observatory, Modra, from 1995 to 1998. Photographic plates of the comet were taken at Harvard College Observatory, Oak Ridge, from 1974 to 1982. The latter were digitized at first to apply the same techniques of image processing for optimizing the visibility of features in the coma during outbursts. Outbursts and coma structures show various shapes.

Evolution of Large-Scale Coronal Structures

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
P. Ambrož
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Line ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Coronal Magnetic Field ◽  
Source Surface ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Characteristic Relationship ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Coronal Structures

AbstractThe large-scale coronal structures observed during the sporadically visible solar eclipses were compared with the numerically extrapolated field-line structures of coronal magnetic field. A characteristic relationship between the observed structures of coronal plasma and the magnetic field line configurations was determined. The long-term evolution of large scale coronal structures inferred from photospheric magnetic observations in the course of 11- and 22-year solar cycles is described.Some known parameters, such as the source surface radius, or coronal rotation rate are discussed and actually interpreted. A relation between the large-scale photospheric magnetic field evolution and the coronal structure rearrangement is demonstrated.

Large-scale Motion of Solar Filaments

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 205-208
Author(s):  
Pavel Ambrož ◽  
Alfred Schroll
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Proper Motion ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
Solar Filaments ◽  
General Movement ◽  
Scale Motion ◽  
Velocity Scatter

AbstractPrecise measurements of heliographic position of solar filaments were used for determination of the proper motion of solar filaments on the time-scale of days. The filaments have a tendency to make a shaking or waving of the external structure and to make a general movement of whole filament body, coinciding with the transport of the magnetic flux in the photosphere. The velocity scatter of individual measured points is about one order higher than the accuracy of measurements.

Some applications of electron beam microanalysis techniques in VLSI process evaluation

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 160-161
Author(s):  
Simon Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Process Evaluation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Analysis Of Failures ◽  
Characterization Of Materials ◽  
Circuits Vlsi

Trends in the technology development of very large scale integrated circuits (VLSI) have been in the direction of higher density of components with smaller dimensions. The scaling down of device dimensions has been not only laterally but also in depth. Such efforts in miniaturization bring with them new developments in materials and processing. Successful implementation of these efforts is, to a large extent, dependent on the proper understanding of the material properties, process technologies and reliability issues, through adequate analytical studies. The analytical instrumentation technology has, fortunately, kept pace with the basic requirements of devices with lateral dimensions in the micron/ submicron range and depths of the order of nonometers. Often, newer analytical techniques have emerged or the more conventional techniques have been adapted to meet the more stringent requirements. As such, a variety of analytical techniques are available today to aid an analyst in the efforts of VLSI process evaluation. Generally such analytical efforts are divided into the characterization of materials, evaluation of processing steps and the analysis of failures.

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