scholarly journals The role of PCSK9 in inflammation, immunity, and autoimmune diseases

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Johan Frostegård
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Diseases

Role of Positron Emission Tomography for Central Nervous System Involvement in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases: Status and Perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (26) ◽  
pp. 3096-3104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Mauro ◽  
Gaetano Barbagallo ◽  
Salvatore D`Angelo ◽  
Pasqualina Sannino ◽  
Saverio Naty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Cns Involvement ◽  
Systemic Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Positron Emission

In the last years, an increasing interest in molecular imaging has been raised by the extending potential of positron emission tomography [PET]. The role of PET imaging, originally confined to the oncology setting, is continuously extending thanks to the development of novel radiopharmaceutical and to the implementation of hybrid imaging techniques, where PET scans are combined with computed tomography [CT] or magnetic resonance imaging[MRI] in order to improve spatial resolution. Early preclinical studies suggested that 18F–FDG PET can detect neuroinflammation; new developing radiopharmaceuticals targeting more specifically inflammation-related molecules are moving in this direction. Neurological involvement is a distinct feature of various systemic autoimmune diseases, i.e. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus [SLE] or Behcet’s disease [BD]. Although MRI is largely considered the gold-standard imaging technique for the detection of Central Nervous System [CNS] involvement in these disorders. Several patients complain of neuropsychiatric symptoms [headache, epilepsy, anxiety or depression] in the absence of any significant MRI finding; in such patients the diagnosis relies mainly on clinical examination and often the role of the disease process versus iatrogenic or reactive forms is doubtful. The aim of this review is to explore the state-of-the-art for the role of PET imaging in CNS involvement in systemic rheumatic diseases. In addition, we explore the potential role of emerging radiopharmaceutical and their possible application in aiding the diagnosis of CNS involvement in systemic autoimmune diseases.

scholarly journals Recognize Yourself—Innate Sensing of Non-LTR Retrotransposons

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Justine Lagisquet ◽  
Kilian Zuber ◽  
Thomas Gramberg
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Ltr Retrotransposons ◽  
Autoinflammatory Disorders ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Active Elements ◽  
Enhanced Expression ◽  
Long Interspersed Element

Although mobile genetic elements, or transposons, have played an important role in genome evolution, excess activity of mobile elements can have detrimental consequences. Already, the enhanced expression of transposons-derived nucleic acids can trigger autoimmune reactions that may result in severe autoinflammatory disorders. Thus, cells contain several layers of protective measures to restrict transposons and to sense the enhanced activity of these “intragenomic pathogens”. This review focuses on our current understanding of immunogenic patterns derived from the most active elements in humans, the retrotransposons long interspersed element (LINE)-1 and Alu. We describe the role of known pattern recognition receptors in nucleic acid sensing of LINE-1 and Alu and the possible consequences for autoimmune diseases.

15 POSSIBLE ROLE OF MATERNAL LYMPHOCYTES CONTAINED IN BREAST MILK IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. S389.4-S389
Author(s):  
A. M. Cohen ◽  
B. A. Pancake ◽  
D. Zucker-Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases

The role of IL-12 in the induction of organ-specific autoimmune diseases

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 383-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Trembleau ◽  
Luciano Adorini ◽  
Tieno Germann ◽  
Maurice K. Gately
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Organ Specific

scholarly journals Exploring the role of immunotherapeutic drugs in autoimmune diseases: A comprehensive review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-296
Author(s):  
Shankargouda Patil ◽  
Vidya Gs ◽  
Gargi S. Sarode ◽  
Sachin C. Sarode ◽  
Turki Abdu Khurayzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Comprehensive Review

Recent insights on the putative role of autophagy in autoimmune diseases

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Gianchecchi ◽  
Domenico Vittorio Delfino ◽  
Alessandra Fierabracci
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Putative Role

The role of APRIL - A proliferation inducing ligand - In autoimmune diseases and expectations from its targeting

2018 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 179-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie Baert ◽  
Benoit Manfroi ◽  
Olivier Casez ◽  
Nathalie Sturm ◽  
Bertrand Huard
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Diseases

scholarly journals HDAC stimulates gene expression through BRD4 availability in response to IFN and in interferonopathies

2018 ◽  
Vol 215 (12) ◽  
pp. 3194-3212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle J. Marié ◽  
Hao-Ming Chang ◽  
David E. Levy
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Histone Deacetylases ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Positive Function ◽  
Transcriptional Elongation ◽  
Hdac Inhibition ◽  
Transcriptional Initiation ◽  
Inducible Promoters ◽  
The Common

In contrast to the common role of histone deacetylases (HDACs) for gene repression, HDAC activity provides a required positive function for IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) expression. Here, we show that HDAC1/2 as components of the Sin3A complex are required for ISG transcriptional elongation but not for recruitment of RNA polymerase or transcriptional initiation. Transcriptional arrest by HDAC inhibition coincides with failure to recruit the epigenetic reader Brd4 and elongation factor P-TEFb due to sequestration of Brd4 on hyperacetylated chromatin. Brd4 availability is regulated by an equilibrium cycle between opposed acetyltransferase and deacetylase activities that maintains a steady-state pool of free Brd4 available for recruitment to inducible promoters. An ISG expression signature is a hallmark of interferonopathies and other autoimmune diseases. Combined inhibition of HDAC1/2 and Brd4 resolved the aberrant ISG expression detected in cells derived from patients with two inherited interferonopathies, ISG15 and USP18 deficiencies, defining a novel therapeutic approach to ISG-associated autoimmune diseases.

scholarly journals The role of BAFF in autoimmune diseases

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi MATSUSHITA ◽  
Shinichi SATO
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Diseases
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