scholarly journals The impact of surface boundary conditions on the formation of the Black Sea haline stratification from the numerical simulations

2020 ◽  
Vol 1675 ◽  
pp. 012018
Author(s):  
M V Senderov ◽  
A I Mizyuk
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Surface Boundary ◽  
Surface Boundary Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Wave-currents interaction in the Black Sea: new modelling approach for next generation of operational forecasting system.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Causio ◽  
Piero Lionello ◽  
Stefania Angela Ciliberti ◽  
Giovanni Coppini
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Wave Spectrum ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Wave Model ◽  
Bias Reduction ◽  
Hydrodynamical Model ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Surface Boundary ◽  
The Impact

<p>This study analyzes wave-currents interactions in the Black Sea basin focusing on deep water processes by using a coupled two-ways off-line numerical system, based on the ocean circulation model NEMO v4.0 and the third-generation wave model WaveWatchIII v5.16. The coupling between wave and hydrodynamical models is carried out at hourly frequency. The physical processes taken in consideration are: Stokes-Coriolis force, sea-state dependent momentum flux, wave induced vertical mixing, Doppler shift, and the stability parameter for the computation of effective wind speed. </p><p>The hydrodynamical model is implemented over the Black Sea at the horizontal resolution of about 3km and 31 vertical levels, with closed boundary at the Bosporus Strait. The impact of the Bosporus Strait on the Black Sea dynamics is modeled using a surface boundary condition, taking into account the barotropic transport, which balances the freshwater fluxes on monthly basis (Stanev and Beckers, 1999; Peneva et al., 2001; Ciliberti et al., 2021). Additionally, Mediterranean waters inflow is represented by applying a local damping to high resolution temperature and salinity profiles (Aydogdu et al., 2018) at the Bosporus exit.</p><p>The wave model adopts the WW3 implementation of the WAM Cycle4 model physics, with Ultimate Quickest propagation scheme and GSE alleviation, over the same spatial grid as the hydrodynamical model Wind input and dissipation are based on Ardhuin et al. (2010), wave-wave interactions are based on Discrete Interaction Approximation. The wave spectrum is discretized using 24 directional sectors, and 30 frequencies, with 10% increment starting from 0.055Hz. Validation and statistical analysis of the results have been carried out to compare coupled and uncoupled runs, aiming to identify the model set-up to upgrade in the future the near real time operational system.</p><p>The evaluation of the coupling impact on significant wave height and temperature shows BIAS reduction, and even slight improvement of RMSE.</p>

scholarly journals Multi-Criteria Analysis of the Mass Tourism Management Model Related to the Impact on the Local Community in Constanta City (Romania)

Inventions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Catalin Anton ◽  
Angela-Eliza Micu ◽  
Eugen Rusu
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Management Model ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Mass Tourism ◽  
Tourism Management ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Traditionally and socially, the tourism in Constanta is considered to be important to the local economy. Sun and beach locations are both a draw for locals and tourists to the city, on the Black Sea. However, vacation-oriented activities in the city only have a seasonal cycle. In this paper, we proposed to analyze the mass tourist activity in Constanta, taking into account economic, social, and environmental conditions. Additionally, we attempted to build a model based on the data available. The model was developed using a PESTEL analysis to determine the supportability factor of the indicators identified. We also set out to create a projection of the activities proposed for analysis by 2050. To create a model for coastal areas, the data used in this research must be accurate and consistent. Furthermore, correctly identifying indicators and their relationships is a critical step in conducting a thorough study. Last but not least, finding the calculation coefficient for the activity in question is critical, as collecting data from various activities might be challenging when trying to find a feasible model.

Modeling Active Layer Depth of Permafrost Changing Surface Boundary Conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
MODI ZHU ◽  
Jingfeng Wang ◽  
Husayn Sharif ◽  
Valeriy Ivanov ◽  
Aleksey Sheshukov
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Active Layer ◽  
Surface Boundary ◽  
Layer Depth ◽  
Surface Boundary Conditions

Anthropogenic Impact on the Lithodynamics of the Coastal Zone of the Southern and Western Black Sea Coast (Review)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Efremova ◽  
Yu. N. Goryachkin ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
River Flow ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Natural Dynamics ◽  
The Impact

Anthropogenic impact on lithodynamics of the coastal zone changes the natural dynamics of bottom sediments, which leads to increased abrasion and swelling of beaches, activation of landslide processes creating a threat of destruction of the coastal infrastructure. The article aims at providing an overview of the scientific literature on the anthropogenic impact on lithodynamics of the coastal zone of the southern and western coasts of the Black Sea (shores of Romania, Bulgaria and Turkey). The work shows that with all the differences in the natural conditions of the coastal zones of these countries the types of anthropogenic effects they undergo are almost the same. These include: hydrotechnical construction without regard to the impact on the neighbouring coast sections; reduction of solid river flow due to river regulation by reservoirs; construction of capital facilities directly on the beaches; illegal extraction of sand from beaches and river beds; dredging with sale of the extracted material to construction companies; covering of cliffs by various structures; destruction of coastal dunes, etc. The main negative consequences of these actions are reflected in disruption of natural dynamics and shortages of bottom sediments, changes in the coastline, reduced aesthetic attractiveness and accessibility of shores, destruction of coastal ecosystems. The article also provides information on the legislation of these countries regarding environmental management in the coastal zone

Thermo-Solutal Convection of a Nanofluid Utilizing Fourier’s-Type Compass Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-374
Author(s):  
J. C. Umavathi ◽  
Ali J. Chamkha
Keyword(s):  
Brownian Motion ◽  
Prandtl Number ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Surface Boundary ◽  
Perturbation Scheme ◽  
Runge Kutta ◽  
The Impact

Nanotechnology has infiltrated into duct design in parallel with many other fields of mechanical, medical and energy engineering. Motivated by the excellent potential of nanofluids, a subset of materials engineered at the nanoscale, in the present work, a new mathematical model is developed for natural convection in a vertical duct containing nanofluid. Numerical scrutiny for the double-diffusive free and forced convection within a duct encumbered with nanofluid is performed. Buongiorno’s model is deployed to define the nanofluid. Robin boundary conditions are used to define the surface boundary conditions. Thermal and concentration equations envisage the viscous, Brownian motion, thermosphores of the nanofluid, Soret and Dufour effects. Using the Boussi-nesq approximation the solutal buoyancy effect as a result of gradients in concentration are incorporated. The conservation equations which are nonlinear are numerically estimated using fourth order Runge-Kutta methodology and analytically ratifying regular perturbation scheme. The mass, heat, nanoparticle concentration and species concentration fields on eight dimensionless physical parameters such as thermal and mass Grashof numbers, Brownian motion parameter, thermal parameter, Prandtl number, Eckert number, Schmidt parameter, and Soret parameter are calculated. The impact of these parameters are outlined pictorially. The velocity and temperature fields are boosted with the thermal Grashof number. The Soret and the Schemidt parameters reduces the nanoparticle volume fraction but it heightens the momentum, temperature and concentration. At the cold wall thermal and concentration Grashof numbers reduces the Nusselt values but they increase the Nusselt values at the hot wall. The reversal consequence was attained at the hot plate. The perturbation and Runge-Kutta solutions are equal in the nonappearance of Prandtl number. The (E. Zanchini, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 41, 3949 (1998)). results are restored for the regular fluid. The heat transfer rate is high for nanofluid when matched with regular fluid.

scholarly journals Energy Pile Field Simulation in Large Buildings: Validation of Surface Boundary Assumptions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Ferrantelli ◽  
Jevgeni Fadejev ◽  
Jarek Kurnitski
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Thermal Mass ◽  
Heat Equations ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Surface Boundary ◽  
Geothermal Heat ◽  
Soil Medium ◽  
Surface Boundary Conditions

As the energy efficiency demands for future buildings become increasingly stringent, preliminary assessments of energy consumption are mandatory. These are possible only through numerical simulations, whose reliability crucially depends on boundary conditions. We therefore investigate their role in numerical estimates for the usage of geothermal energy, performing annual simulations of transient heat transfer for a building employing a geothermal heat pump plant and energy piles. Starting from actual measurements, we solve the heat equations in 2D and 3D using COMSOL Multiphysics and IDA-ICE, and discover a negligible impact of the multiregional ground surface boundary conditions. Moreover, we verify that the thermal mass of the soil medium induces a small vertical temperature gradient on the piles surface. We also find a roughly constant temperature on each horizontal cross-section, with nearly identical values if the average temperature is integrated over the full plane or evaluated at one single point. Calculating the yearly heating need for an entire building we then show that the chosen upper boundary condition affects the energy balance dramatically. Using directly the pipes’ outlet temperature induces a 54% overestimation of the heat flux, while the exact ground surface temperature above the piles reduces the error to 0.03%.

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