scholarly journals Chemical pre-treatments on oil palm empty fruit bunches: Impacts on characteristics and methane potential

2021 ◽  
Vol 924 (1) ◽  
pp. 012071
Author(s):  
N A Rohma ◽  
S Suhartini ◽  
I Nurika
Keyword(s):  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Test System ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Bmp Test

Abstract Production of biogas from lignocellulosic biomass by anaerobic digestion (AD) has attracted much interest. Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB), one of lignocellulosic biomass, is highly abundant in Indonesia and has potential as feedstock for bioenergy production such as biogas or methane. Yet, pre-treatments are needed to improve biogas production due to its complex crystalline structures. Chemical pre-treatments with acid or alkaline solution were reported to increase cellulose or highly reduce the lignin content of OPEFB. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of acid and alkaline pre-treatments on the characteristics of OPEFB and methane potential. The acid pre-treatment experimental design was used factor of H2SO4 concentration (1, 1.3, and 1.6 (%v/v)) and NaOH concentration (1.8, 2.8, and 3.8 (%w/v)). Methane potential evaluation was carried out using the biochemical methane potential (BMP) test with the Automatic Methane Potential Test System (AMPTS) II under mesophilic condition (37°C), operated for 28 days. The results showed that both dilute acid and alkaline pre-treatment positively impact altering the characteristics of OPEFB, hence the specific methane potential. Alkaline pre-treatment with NaOH 3.8 (%w/v) gave the highest average SMP value of 0.161 ± 0.005 m3 CH4/kgVSadded.

scholarly journals Biochemical Methane Potential of Cork Boiling Wastewater at Different Inoculum to Substrate Ratios

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3064
Author(s):  
Roberta Mota-Panizio ◽  
Manuel Jesús Hermoso-Orzáez ◽  
Luis Carmo-Calado ◽  
Gonçalo Lourinho ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Duque de Brito
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Working Volume ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Bmp Test ◽  
Cork Industry

The present study evaluates the digestion of cork boiling wastewater (CBW) through a biochemical methane potential (BMP) test. BMP assays were carried out with a working volume of 600 mL at a constant mesophilic temperature (35 °C). The experiment bottles contained CBW and inoculum (digested sludge from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP)), with a ratio of inoculum/substrate (Ino/CBW) of 1:1 and 2:1 on the basis of volatile solids (VSs); the codigestion with food waste (FW) had a ratio of 2/0.7:0.3 (Ino/CBW:FW) and the codigestion with cow manure (CM) had a ratio of 2/0.5:0.5 (Ino/CBW:CM). Biogas and methane production was proportional to the inoculum substrate ratio (ISR) used. BMP tests have proved to be valuable for inferring the adequacy of anaerobic digestion to treat wastewater from the cork industry. The results indicate that the biomethane potential of CBWs for Ino/CBW ratios 1:1 and 2:1 is very low compared to other organic substrates. For the codigestion tests, the test with the Ino/CBW:CM ratio of 2/0.7:0.3 showed better biomethane yields, being in the expected values. This demonstrated that it is possible to perform the anaerobic digestion (AD) of CBW using a cosubstrate to increase biogas production and biomethane and to improve the quality of the final digestate.

Determination of methane yield of cellulose using different experimental setups

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Wang ◽  
Ivo Achu Nges ◽  
Mihaela Nistor ◽  
Jing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Test System ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Bmp Test ◽  
Potential Test

In this work, biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests with cellulose as a model substrate were performed with the aid of three manually operated or conventional experimental setups (based on manometer, water column and gas bag) and one automated apparatus specially designed for analysis of BMP. The methane yields were 340 ± 18, 354 ± 13, 345 ± 15 and 366 ± 5 ml CH4/g VS obtained from experimental setups with manometer, water column, gas bag, and automatic methane potential test system, which corresponded to a biodegradability of 82, 85, 83 and 88% respectively. The results demonstrated that the methane yields of cellulose obtained from conventional and automatic experimental setups were comparable; however, the methane yield obtained from the automated apparatus showed greater precision. Moreover, conventional setups for the BMP test were more time- and labour-intensive compared with the automated apparatus.

scholarly journals Optimisation of C:N Ratio for Co-Digested Processed Industrial Food Waste and Sewage Sludge Using the BMP Test

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuhaib Siddiqui ◽  
N.J. Horan ◽  
Kofi Anaman
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Biomethane Production ◽  
Bmp Test

Biomethane production from processed industrial food waste (IFW) in admixture with sewage sludge (primary and waste activated sludge: PS and WAS) was evaluated at a range of C:N ratios using a standard biochemical methane potential (BMP) test. IFW alone had a C:N of 30 whereas for WAS it was 5.4 and thus the C:N ratio of the blends fell in that range. Increasing the IFW content in mix improves the methane potential by increasing both the cumulative biogas production and the rate of methane production. Optimum methane yield 239 mL/g VSremoved occurred at a C:N ratio of 15 which was achieved with a blend containing 11 percent (w/w) IFW. As the fraction of IFW in the blend increased, volatile solids (VS) destruction was increased and this led to a reduction in methane yield and amount of production. The highest destruction of volatile solids of 93 percent was achieved at C:N of 20 followed by C:N 30 and 15. A shortened BMP test is adequate for evaluating optimum admixtures.

Bio-Methane Potential (BMP) of Cassava Pulp Waste and Effect of Alkaline Pre-Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Untreated Sample ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Cassava Pulp ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Bmp Test

Cassava starch processing industry produces cassava pulp as a by-product or waste. In the well-known Duong Lieu village, this waste is released in surrounding environment without treatment causing serious environmental problems. The study aimed to (1) determine the Biomethane Potential (BMP) of the waste and to (2) find out if alkaline pre-treatment would improve it. Different cassava pulp samples were going through BMP test: untreated sample; pre-treated samples at different NaOH doses of 2, 6, 8 wt.% (dry weight-based) and pre-treated samples at different NaHCO3 doses of 2, 4, 6, 8 wt.% (dry weight based). BMP assays were conducted in 590mL bottles at 37oC for 40 days. As the result, BMP of the untreated waste was 281 NmLCH4/gVS and alkaline pretreatment increased BMP of the waste up to 479 mLCH4/gVS by treatment with NaOH 6 wt.% and 450 mLCH4/gVS by treatment with NaHCO3 6 wt.%. In addition, there was a significant reduction of lignin content of the substrate after alkaline pre-treatment. The results show that cassava pulp waste has moderate potential for biogas recovery. In addition, alkaline pre-treatment by either NaOH or NaHCO3 would significantly improve its BMP, possibly thanks to the reduction of lignin content.

Mesophilic Fermentation of SOMW in a Micro Pilot-Scale Anaerobic Digester

2013 ◽  
Vol 827 ◽  
pp. 84-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Carlini ◽  
Sonia Castellucci ◽  
Silvia Cocchi
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Ph Control ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Environmentally Sound ◽  
Bmp Test

One of the most promising processes to exploit Solid Olive-Mill Waste (SOMW) for energy production is anaerobic digestion. An experimental study has been carried out on SOMW and inoculum, consisting of Cattle Slurry Digested (CSD) and coming from an anaerobic digestion plant. A substrate with an optimal supply ratio equal to 2:1 has been investigated in a reactor at 37°C by analysing the biogas production. The Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) test has been carried out, monitoring pH, biogas production (amount and composition). According to the tests results, SOMWs needed to be diluted and inoculated, moreover the pH control is foundamental in order to obtain a significant biogas production. Anaerobic digestion plant of SOMW should be promoted in Mediterranean countries as an environmentally sound option for waste management and energy production, since olive mills are very widespread agro-industries in this area.

scholarly journals Pre-treatment of thickened waste activated sludge (TWAS) for enhanced biogas production via the application of a novel radial horn sonication technology

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 2179-2193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Suhartini ◽  
Lynsey Melville ◽  
Tony Amato
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Waste Activated Sludge ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Working Volume ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Pre Treatment

The efficacy of sonication as a pre-treatment to anaerobic digestion (AD) was assessed using thickened waste activated sludge (TWAS). Efficiency was measured in relation to solubilisation, dewaterability, and AD performance. Eighteen experimental conditions were evaluated at low frequency (20 kHz), duration (2–10 s), amplitude (∼8–12 μm) and applied pressure (0.5–3.0 barg), using a sonix™ patented titanium sonoprobe capable of delivering an instantaneous power of ∼6 kW provided by Doosan Enpure Ltd (DEL). An optimised experimental protocol was used as a pre-treatment for biochemical methane potential (BMP) testing and semi-continuous trials. Four digesters, with a 2-L working volume were operated mesophilically (37 ± 0.5 °C) over 22 days. The results showed that the sonix™ technology delivers effective sonication at very short retention times compared to conventional system. Results demonstrate that the technology effectively disrupts the floc structures and filaments within the TWAS, causing an increase in solubilisation and fine readily digestible material. Both BMP tests and semi-continuous trials demonstrated that sonicated TWAS gave higher biodegradability and methane potential compared to untreated TWAS. Partial-stream sonication (30:70 sonicated to untreated TWAS) resulted in a proportionate increase in biogas production illustrating the benefits of full-stream sonication.

Hydrolysis of (ligno)cellulosic materials under sulfidogenic and methanogenic conditions

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Pareek ◽  
S. K. Kim ◽  
S. Matsui ◽  
Y. Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Content ◽  
Carbon Mineralization ◽  
Selective Inhibition ◽  
Accumulation Rates ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Serum Bottle ◽  
Methanogenic Condition ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Bmp Test ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

A Biochemical methane potential (BMP) test and Serum Bottle Reactor (SBR) test were used to compare hydrolysis (mineralization) of lignocellulosic materials under sulfidogenic and methanogenic conditions. Lignocellulosic carbon mineralization under sulfidogenic conditions was found to be more than 2 times higher than under methanogenic conditions. The percentages of lignocellulosic carbon mineralized under methanogenic condition were 18.0% and 10.71% while under sulfidogenic conditions 36.69% and 27.44% for office paper and newspaper, respectively. Although a poor linear relationship between the percentage of carbon mineralization and percentage lignin content was observed, but in general a decrease in mineralization of lignocellulosic carbon was observed with the increase in lignin content. A method based on selective inhibition of microorganism activity, by 3% toluene, was used to measure the initial rate of lignocellulosic material mineralization and the accumulation of mineralized products (i. e. sugars). Sugars linearly accumulated over time and the accumulation rates of glucose and xylose were calculated. The accumulation rates of glucose under methanogenic condition were 1.302, μM/g-dry wt hr and 0.004, μM/g-dry wt hr while under sulfidogenic condition they were 2.624, μM/g-dry wt hr and 2.279 μM/g-dry wt hr for offce and newspaper, respectively.

scholarly journals Optimizing anaerobic co-digestion of goat manure and cotton gin trash using biochemical methane potential (BMP) test and mathematical modeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harjinder Kaur ◽  
Raghava R. Kommalapati
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
Mathematical Equations ◽  
Goat Manure ◽  
Bmp Test ◽  
Batch Bioreactors ◽  
Modified Gompertz Model ◽  
Cotton Gin

AbstractAnaerobic co-digestion is widely adopted to enhance process efficacy by balancing the C/N ratio of the feedstock while converting organic wastes to biomethane. Goat manure (GM) and cotton gin trash (CGT) were anaerobically co-digested in triplicate batch bioreactors. The process was optimized and evaluated utilizing mathematical equations. The liquid fraction of the digestate was analyzed for nitrate and phosphate. The co-digestions with 10 and 20% CGT having the C/N ratios of 17.7 and 19.8 yielded the highest and statistically similar 261.4 ± 4.8 and 262.6 ± 4.2 mL/gvs biomethane, respectively. The biodegradability (BD) of GM and CGT was 94.5 ± 2.7 and 37.6 ± 0.8%, respectively. The BD decreased proportionally with an increase in CGT percentage. The co-digestion having 10% CGT yielded 80–90% of biomethane in 26–39 d. The modified Gompertz model-predicted and experimental biomethane values were similar. The highest synergistic effect index of 15.6 ± 4.7% was observed in GM/CGT; 30:70 co-digestion. The concentration of nitrate and phosphate was lower in the liquid fraction of digestate than the feedstocks, indicating that these nutrients stay in the solid fraction. The results provide important insights in agro-waste management, further studies determining the effects of effluent application on plants need to be conducted.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Feasibility of Using the Bacteriophage T4 Lysozyme to Improve the Hydrolysis and Biochemical Methane Potential of Secondary Sludge

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3644
Author(s):  
Sangmin Kim ◽  
Seung-Gyun Woo ◽  
Joonyeob Lee ◽  
Dae-Hee Lee ◽  
Seokhwan Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Bacteriophage T4 ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
T4 Lysozyme ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Secondary Sludge ◽  
Methane Potential

Anaerobic digestion (AD) of secondary sludge is a rate-limiting step due to the bacterial cell wall. In this study, experiments were performed to characterize secondary sludges from three wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), and to investigate the feasibility of using bacteriophage lysozymes to speed up AD by accelerating the degradation of bacterial cell walls. Protein was the main organic material (67.7% of volatile solids in the sludge). The bacteriophage T4 lysozyme (T4L) was tested for hydrolysis and biochemical methane potential. Variations in the volatile suspended solid (VSS) concentration and biogas production were monitored. The VSS reduction efficiencies by hydrolysis using T4L for 72 h increased and ranged from 17.8% to 26.4%. Biogas production using T4L treated sludges increased and biogas production was increased by as much as 82.4%. Biogas production rate also increased, and the average reaction rate coefficient of first-order kinetics was 0.56 ± 0.02/d, which was up to 47.5% higher compared to the untreated samples at the maximum. Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Flavobacteriia, Gammaproteobacteria, and Sphingobacteriia were major microbial classes in all sludges. The interpretation of the microbial community structure indicated that T4L treatment is likely to increase the rate of cell wall digestion.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document