Vascular surgery

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Davies ◽  
Alison Kite ◽  
Annette Wye
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Care ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Carotid Disease ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Peripheral Ischaemia

Vascular conditions are common in surgical nursing care and range from varicose veins to more complex arterial disease. This chapter gives the nurse an understanding of the assessment process for vascular conditions, the associated anatomy and physiology, and treatment modalities. The chapter also focuses on specific conditions, including amputation, venous disease, ulcers, and arterial conditions such as abdominal aortic aneurysm, peripheral ischaemia, and carotid disease.

CHIVA, ASVAL and related techniques – Concepts and evidence

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 42-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Onida ◽  
Alun H Davies
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Chronic Venous Disease ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Invasive Treatment ◽  
Venous Circulation ◽  
Underlying Pathophysiology

Chronic venous disease (CVD) is a highly prevalent condition with significant effects on patients’ quality of life. Despite this, the underlying pathophysiology of venous disease still remains unclear. Two schools of thought exist, explaining the development and propagation of venous disease as an “ascending” and “descending” process, respectively. The descending theory, stating that CVD is secondary to proximal disease (e.g. saphenofemoral/saphenous incompetence), is the most widely accepted when planning treatment aiming to remove or destroy the junction or truncal veins. The ascending theory, describing the disease process as developing in the lower most part of the leg and propagating cranially, aims to re-route the venous circulation via minimally invasive interventions. Classically, superficial venous insufficiency has been treated with the removal of the incompetent trunk, via open surgery or, increasingly, with endovenous interventions. Minimally invasive treatment modalities aiming to preserve the saphenous trunk, such as CHIVA and ASVAL, may also play an important role in the treatment of the patient with varicose veins.

Vascular surgery

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Vascular Surgery ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Limb Ischaemia ◽  
Carotid Disease ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Extensive Range ◽  
Arteries And Veins

Over the last three decades, vascular surgery has transformed into a new specialty incorporating endovascular therapies. The field of vascular and endovascular therapy covers an extensive range of conditions and disorders of the arteries and veins such as lower limb ischaemia, abdominal aortic aneurysm, carotid disease, and varicose veins. This chapter covers recent key clinical evidence associated with the above conditions.

Plasma Lactoferrin as a Marker of White Cell Degranulation in Venous Disease

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Shields ◽  
S. Andaz ◽  
R. D. Abeysinghe ◽  
J. B. Porter ◽  
J. H. Scurr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutrophil Count ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
White Cell ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Venous Ulceration ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Middlesex Hospital ◽  
Vascular Laboratory

Objective: To measure plasma lactoferrin as a marker of neutrophil degranulation in groups of patients with varying severity of venous disease and compare with age- and sex-matched control subjects. Design: Prospective study of patients with varicose veins compared with a group of control subjects with no history or clinical findings of varicose veins. Setting: The Middlesex Hospital Vascular Laboratory, Mortimer Street, London WIN 8AA, UK. Patients: Patients referred to the Middlesex Hospital Vascular Laboratory for investigation of venous disease. Control subjects were obtained from within the laboratory and hospital staff, and from a group of Patients attending the London Foot Hospital for routine chiropody. Neither group had arterial disease nor any other illness or medication known to alter white cell activity. Interventions: 10 ml of blood taken from an arm vein into EDTA for a neutrophil count and measurement of Plasma lactoferrin using an ELISA. Results: Significantly raised plasma lactoferrin was found in all four groups of patients compared with their controls ( p = 0.0156 for uncomplicated varicose veins, P = 0.01 for lipodermatosclerosis, p = 0.0413 for active venous ulceration, and p = 0.0005 for healed ulcers, Mann-Whitney U-test). Differences between medians (95% confidence interval) for the four groups were 269 (62–603), 199 (60–314), 133 (44–218) and 215 (98–349) ng/ml respectively. There was no difference in the neutrophil count between the patient and control groups, and correcting plasma lactoferrin for the neutrophil count did not remove significance in any group. Conclusions: This study shows evidence of increased neutrophil activation as shown by increased degranulation in patients with venous disease.

Vascular surgery

2019 ◽  
pp. 765-778
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Vascular Surgery ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Limb Ischaemia ◽  
History Taking ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Ischaemic Necrosis

This chapter on vascular surgery covers diseases of the arterial, venous, and lymphatic systems. The chapter is well structured, describing conditions seen commonly in clinic, in the emergency department, and in theatre. It includes a list of cases to see such as limb ischaemia and varicose veins. It reviews the diagnosis and management of a stable and leaking abdominal aortic aneurysm including repair. It includes a section on amputation which is pertinent to injuries seen due to ischaemic necrosis or malignancy. It reviews the classification of arterial disease and provides pictorial guidance for students. This chapter includes guidance for exam questions on history taking and examination. It is written for both those looking to apply for medicine, and those in medical school.

scholarly journals Dilating Vascular Diseases: Pathophysiology and Clinical Aspects

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ertan Yetkin ◽  
Selcuk Ozturk
Keyword(s):  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Atherosclerotic Disease ◽  
Arterial System ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Vascular Territory ◽  
Coronary Artery Ectasia ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

Atherosclerotic disease of the vessels is a significant problem affecting mortality and morbidity all over the world. However, dilatation of the vessels either in the arterial system or in the venous territory is another vessel disease. Varicocele, pelvic, and peripheral varicose veins and hemorrhoids are aneurysms of the venous vascular regions and have been defined as dilating venous disease, recently. Coronary artery ectasia, intracranial aneurysm, and abdominal aortic aneurysm are examples of arterial dilating vascular diseases. Mostly, they have been defined as variants of atherosclerosis. Although there are some similarities in terms of pathogenesis, they are distinct from atherosclerotic disease of the vessels. In addition, pathophysiological and histological similarities and clinical coexistence of these diseases have been demonstrated both in the arterial and in the venous system. This situation underlies the thought that dilatation of the vessels in any vascular territory should be considered as a systemic vessel wall disease rather than being a local disease of any vessel. These patients should be evaluated for other dilating vascular diseases in a systematic manner.

scholarly journals Identification of Transcriptomic Differences between Lower Extremities Arterial Disease, Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and Chronic Venous Disease in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Specimens

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3200
Author(s):  
Daniel P. Zalewski ◽  
Karol P. Ruszel ◽  
Andrzej Stępniewski ◽  
Dariusz Gałkowski ◽  
Jacek Bogucki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Chronic Venous Disease ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells

Several human tissues are investigated in studies of molecular biomarkers associated with diseases development. Special attention is focused on the blood and its components due to combining abundant information about systemic responses to pathological processes as well as high accessibility. In the current study, transcriptome profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were used to compare differentially expressed genes between patients with lower extremities arterial disease (LEAD), abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and chronic venous disease (CVD). Gene expression patterns were generated using the Ion S5XL next-generation sequencing platform and were analyzed using DESeq2 and UVE-PLS methods implemented in R programming software. In direct pairwise analysis, 21, 58 and 10 differentially expressed genes were selected from the comparison of LEAD vs. AAA, LEAD vs. CVD and AAA vs. CVD patient groups, respectively. Relationships between expression of dysregulated genes and age, body mass index, creatinine levels, hypertension and medication were identified using Spearman rank correlation test and two-sided Mann–Whitney U test. The functional analysis, performed using DAVID website tool, provides potential implications of selected genes in pathological processes underlying diseases studied. Presented research provides new insight into differences of pathogenesis in LEAD, AAA and CVD, and selected genes could be considered as potential candidates for biomarkers useful in diagnosis and differentiation of studied diseases.

Peripheral venous disease and its implications for military practice

2017 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-129
Author(s):  
C Swain ◽  
M Khan
Keyword(s):  
Care Setting ◽  
Primary Care Setting ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Venous Anatomy ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Superficial Thrombophlebitis ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
The Military

AbstractPeripheral venous disease includes a spectrum of conditions which can be considered in two categories, corresponding to venous anatomy: superficial, and deep. Superficial diseases, including varicose veins and superficial thrombophlebitis, are relatively common conditions which present in the primary care setting and require appropriate management. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) can significantly impact on operational capability and future deployability and employability.This review discusses venous anatomy and physiology, and the clinical picture of venous disease, including classification and management within the military setting.

Vascular surgery

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Gardiner ◽  
Neil R. Borley
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Arterial Occlusive Disease ◽  
Limb Ischaemia ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
Extracranial Arterial Disease

This chapter begins by discussing the basic principles of haemostasis and coagulation and atherosclerosis, before focusing on the key areas of knowledge, namely assessment and management of peripheral arterial occlusive disease, acute lower limb ischaemia, extracranial arterial disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, chronic venous insufficiency, varicose veins, lymphatic conditions, diabetic foot, lower limb ulceration, and miscellaneous vascular conditions. The chapter concludes with relevant case-based discussions.

Soluble Markers of Leucocyte Adhesion in Patients with Venous Disease

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-85
Author(s):  
D. A. Shields ◽  
S. K. Andaz ◽  
J. B. Porter ◽  
J. H. Scurr ◽  
P. D. Coleridge Smith
Keyword(s):  
Neutrophil Count ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Middlesex Hospital ◽  
Neutrophil Degranulation ◽  
Vascular Laboratory

Objective: To measure soluble CD54 (ICAM-1) and CD62E (E-selectin) as markers of neutrophil adhesion in four groups of patients with varying severity of venous disease and compare the values obtained with those in age- and sex-matched control subjects. Design: Prospective study of patients with varicose veins compared with a group of control subjects with no history or clinical findings of varicose veins. Setting: The Middlesex Hospital Vascular Laboratory, London. Patients: Patients referred to the Middlesex Hospital Vascular Laboratory for investigation of venous disease. Neither patients nor controls had arterial disease, any other systemic illness, or were on any medication known to alter white cell activity. Interventions: Ten millimetres of blood taken from an arm vein into EDTA for a neutrophil count and soluble CD54 and CD62E, measured using an ELISA. Results: Similar levels of soluble CD54 and CD62E were found in all four groups of patients compared with their controls ( p = 0.71 for soluble CD54 for all patients compared with all controls, and p = 0.65 for soluble CD62E, Mann–Whitney U-test). There was no difference in the neutrophil count between the controls and patients in any group ( p = 0.74 for all subjects, Mann–Whitney U-test). Conclusion: This study shows no evidence of increased soluble CD54 or CD2E or CD62E in patients with venous disease, despite previous work showing increased CD54 and neutrophil degranulation in patients with venous disease. The reason for this is currently unknown.

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