Cultural conformity and persistence in Dickcissel song are higher in locations in which males show high site fidelity

The Auk ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy H Parker ◽  
Bridget Sousa ◽  
Stephan T Leu ◽  
Stacy Edmondson ◽  
Cecily Foo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Spiza Americana ◽  
Habitat Features ◽  
Population Turnover ◽  
Cultural Conformity ◽  
Potential Link ◽  
High Site ◽  
Lower Site ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Dickcissel (Spiza americana) males occupying territories in cropland sites produced songs that were less similar on average to other Dickcissel songs in their neighborhood than did Dickcissels living in grasslands, where conformity to the local vocal culture was higher. Further, Dickcissel vocal culture changed more quickly over time in cropland sites relative to grassland sites. These differences may have resulted from the lower site fidelity we observed in Dickcissel males in cropland sites relative to grassland sites. We expected this link with site fidelity because we hypothesized that conformity to local culture in Oscine songbirds and the persistence of culture over time and space are promoted by habitats that facilitate stable populations. In contrast, sites in which habitat features cause rapid population turnover provide more territory vacancies and so more opportunities for colonization. Colonization should drive cultural change, either through adult colonists importing foreign cultural variants or young colonists making errors as they learn the local song. This potential link between population turnover and cultural stability may apply to animal cultures more broadly and so may be a fruitful area for further research. Besides the link between site fidelity and cultural change over time, we also investigated the possibility that habitats with different levels of site fidelity might show differences in the spatial scale of song similarity. However, we found no evidence of such a difference. Finally, although our conclusions regarding conformity and change in vocal culture were based on many recorded songs, automated assessments of song similarity imprecisely estimated the overall degree of song similarity. Thus, we may have underestimated the strength of the effects of time and distance on song similarity.

scholarly journals Cultural conformity and persistence in the context of differing site fidelity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy H. Parker ◽  
Bridget Sousa ◽  
Stephan T Leu ◽  
Stacy Edmondson ◽  
Cecily Foo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Habitat Features ◽  
Geographic Structure ◽  
Native Grasslands ◽  
Population Turnover ◽  
Cultural Conformity ◽  
High Site ◽  
Cultural Features

Animal culture often shows geographic structure, with nearby individuals sharing more cultural features than individuals further apart. However, spatial extent of cultural features, along with the degree of conformity to local cultures, vary within and among species. Further, rates of cultural change presumably also vary, though documentation of temporal variability lags behind documentation of spatial variability, and mechanisms driving this variation have not been sufficiently explored. We hypothesized that conformity to local culture in Oscine songbirds and the persistence of culture over time and space are promoted by habitats that facilitate stable populations in which individuals show relatively high site fidelity. In contrast, sites in which habitat features cause rapid population turnover provide more vacant territories and so more opportunities for colonization. Colonization should drive more rapid cultural change, either through adult colonists importing foreign cultural variants or young colonists making errors as they learn the local song. To test these hypotheses, we examined temporal and spatial variation in vocal culture in a songbird (dickcissel, Spiza americana) in two distinct habitats. As predicted, we found high average site fidelity in relatively stable native grasslands and much lower average site fidelity in nearby cropland sites which were disturbed by farming practices during the breeding season. We also found higher levels of average song similarity and slower average changes in vocal culture in our grasslands relative to croplands, though we found no evidence of different spatial scales of song similarity between these habitats. Although our conclusions are based on many recorded songs, automated assessments of song similarity underestimated the overall degree of song similarity. Thus we may have also underestimated the strength of the effects of time and distance on song similarity. Despite these shortcomings, our results call attention to the understudied but potentially important role of demographic factors influencing cultural evolution.

How mobile are fish populations? Diel movement, population turnover, and site fidelity in suckers

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 666-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Booth ◽  
Nelson G. Hairston ◽  
Alexander S. Flecker
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Short Term ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Gila River ◽  
West Fork ◽  
Population Turnover ◽  
Passive Integrated Transponders ◽  
High Site

Movement of organisms is an important mechanism controlling an array of processes within ecosystems. Recent analyses suggest that movement is composed of individual displacement (distance moved by individuals) and turnover (proportion of individuals moving). Turnover of individuals is important because it influences population size and structure, as well as interactions among individuals and different species within a habitat. We used stationary antennas and passive integrated transponders tags to monitor individual habitat use, turnover, and displacement of Sonora suckers (Catostomus insignis) and desert suckers (Catostomus clarkii) in the West Fork Gila River, New Mexico, USA. Many tagged fish used our focal stationary antenna reach, but only a subset was consistently present. Population size and turnover rates were variable from day to day. Although some individuals spent the majority of their time within the focal reach, most made extended departures (one or more days) from their home pools. Many individuals displayed fidelity to a particular habitat despite forays elsewhere, returning to the focal reach throughout the study. Diel or short-term movements may explain high turnover rates typically observed and, combined with high site fidelity, may result in the misclassification of individuals as sedentary, despite frequent, potentially short-term, movements into other habitats.

scholarly journals Green morays (Gymnothorax funebris) have sedentary ways in mangrove bays, but also ontogenetic forays to reef enclaves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Kendall ◽  
Laughlin Siceloff ◽  
Ashley Ruffo ◽  
Arliss Winship ◽  
Mark E. Monaco
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Range Size ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Site ◽  
Single Night ◽  
Exploratory Movements ◽  
Moray Eel

AbstractSurprisingly, little is known about basic life history of the largest moray eel species in the Caribbean region, the green moray eel (Gymnothorax funebris). Sixteen eels were captured from the mangrove fringe in multiple bays on St. Croix, USVI, implanted with coded acoustic transmitters, and their movements were tracked for up to 11 months using an array of 37 stationary acoustic receivers. They exhibited high site fidelity in the bays during their residence, using the same general parts of individual bays and did not switch bays except for one individual. There was no relationship between eel size (mean TL = 83 cm, range = 54–126 cm) and home range size (mean area of 95% KUD = 5.8 ha ± 0.7 SE). Most individuals were more frequently detected at night than during the day suggesting greater nocturnal activity. Several of the larger eels (mean TL = 93 cm ± 5.9 SE) showed clear and permanent emigration tracks out of the mangrove estuary to coral reef habitats offshore. For some individuals, these habitat shifts were preceded by exploratory movements away from the eel’s typical home range the night before emigration. All final emigration events took place nocturnally, happened during a single night, and occurred during months from December to May. Mean emigration speed was 3.4 km/h. This study is the first documentation of an ontogenetic habitat shift in moray eels, as well as the first determination of home range size for this species and their site fidelity in mangrove habitats.

scholarly journals Movement syndromes of a Neotropical frugivorous bat inhabiting heterogeneous landscapes in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Kerches-Rogeri ◽  
Danielle Leal Ramos ◽  
Jukka Siren ◽  
Beatriz de Oliveira Teles ◽  
Rafael Souza Cruz Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Animal Movement ◽  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
Movement Behavior ◽  
Movement Activity ◽  
Landscape Features ◽  
Heterogeneous Landscapes ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
High Site

Abstract Background There is growing evidence that individuals within populations can vary in both habitat use and movement behavior, but it is still not clear how these two relate to each other. The aim of this study was to test if and how individual bats in a Stunira lilium population differ in their movement activity and preferences for landscape features in a correlated manner. Methods We collected data on movements of 27 individuals using radio telemetry. We fitted a heterogeneous-space diffusion model to the movement data in order to evaluate signals of movement variation among individuals. Results S. lilium individuals generally preferred open habitat with Solanum fruits, regularly switched between forest and open areas, and showed high site fidelity. Movement variation among individuals could be summarized in four movement syndromes: (1) average individuals, (2) forest specialists, (3) explorers which prefer Piper, and (4) open area specialists which prefer Solanum and Cecropia. Conclusions Individual preferences for landscape features plus food resource and movement activity were correlated, resulting in different movement syndromes. Individual variation in preferences for landscape elements and food resources highlight the importance of incorporating explicitly the interaction between landscape structure and individual heterogeneity in descriptions of animal movement.

Visibility and security in the smart home

2021 ◽  
pp. 135485652110300
Author(s):  
Justine Humphry ◽  
Chris Chesher
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Smart Home ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Security Systems ◽  
The Uncanny ◽  
A Site ◽  
Over Time

Smart home, media and security systems intervene in the territory and boundaries of the home in a variety of ways. Among these are the capacity to watch the home from afar, and to record these observations over time, as well as using the home as a site of performance for those on the outside. In this paper, we map the meanings of the smart home and explore the tensions between security and visibility, adopting a cultural history and cultural analysis methodological approach. We make a contribution to the literature on the smart home, highlighting its connection to longer trajectories of media and cultural change, and to understanding the contemporary formations of technologised surveillance, with attention to practices that emerged in response to COVID-19. We focus on two aspects of our model of domestic smartification: Ludics (devices and systems for play or entertainment) and exteriorities (security and communication interfaces that remotely monitor and expose the home). We focus on these aspects relating them to ideas of haunting and the uncanny to explore the implications of making what was previously hidden visible and manipulable to others.

Conservation, Ecology, and Management of Catfish: The Second International Symposium

2011 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Population Abundance ◽  
Conservation Ecology ◽  
Temporary Emigration ◽  
Minnesota River ◽  
Flathead Catfish ◽  
High Site

<em>Abstract</em>.—The flathead catfish <em>Pylodictis olivaris</em> is one of the most important game fishes in the lower Minnesota River, providing a high-quality angling fishery. Information on flathead catfish movements and site fidelity in the Minnesota River at the reach scale is needed before fisheries managers consider options such as reach-specific fishing regulations. In addition, this information is necessary to determine if estimates of population abundance are feasible and what study design is most appropriate. Therefore, 18 radio- and acoustic-tagged adult flathead catfish were manually located in the lower Minnesota River during late summer and fall in 2008 and 2009. Most fish remained within about 2 km of their capture locations during daylight hours in August–September 2008. However, 17% of the fish emigrated from the 9.3-km study reach before the end of September, and all emigrated by the end of October. Fourteen (78%) of the original 18 fish survived and were present in the study reach again during August–September 2009. High site fidelity could result in heterogeneous vulnerability to late-summer angling among river reaches if some individual fish consistently return to areas frequented by anglers and others return to more remote and relatively inaccessible areas. Due to high survival and late-summer site fidelity, the potential exists for high recapture probabilities with repeated late-summer mark–recapture sampling in the same study reach; however, there is evidence that temporary emigration could be an important issue in long-term studies.

Strong pair bonds and high site fidelity in a subarctic-breeding migratory shorebird

2018 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casper H.A. van Leeuwen ◽  
Sarah E. Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Pair Bonds ◽  
High Site

High site fidelity and low site connectivity in temperate salt marsh fish populations: a stable isotope approach

Oecologia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 168 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin C. Green ◽  
David J. Smith ◽  
Jonathan Grey ◽  
Graham J. C. Underwood
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Fish Populations ◽  
High Site
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