Khusro’s War of Revenge

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-36
Author(s):  
James Howard-Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Current Line ◽  
The West ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Made In

The circumstances leading to war are enumerated—(1) gathering crises in the Balkans, Italy, and Armenia, and (2) Persian dissatisfaction with the current line of the frontier in the west. The November 602 coup of Phocas and execution of the Emperor Maurice, who had restored Khusro II to the Sasanian throne in 591, provided Khusro with a perfect pretext for going to war. The focus is then on Persian strategy. The main offensive thrusts alternated between the Mesopotamian and Armenian theatres of war in a first phase (603–5) which saw the outer defences of the Roman Empire breached. After a year’s pause, the offensive was renewed on a larger scale, simultaneous pushes being made in both theatres of war from 607, which brought Persian armies to the inner line of Roman defence on the Euphrates in 610.

scholarly journals Made in Yugoslavia: Studies in Popular Music

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-282
Author(s):  
Laura Emmery
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Popular Music ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
New Wave ◽  
World War ◽  
The West ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
History Of ◽  
Comprehensive Discussion ◽  
Made In

Made in Yugoslavia: Studies in Popular Music (edited by Danijela Špirić Beard and Ljerka Rasmussen) is a fascinating study of how popular music developed in post-World War II Yugoslavia, eventually reaching both unsurpassable popularity in the Balkans and Eastern Europe, and critical acclaim in the West. Through the comprehensive discussion of all popular music trends in Yugoslavia − commercial pop (zabavna-pop), rock, punk, new wave, disco, folk (narodna), and neofolk (novokomponovana) − across all six socialist Yugoslav republics, the reader is given the engrossing socio-cultural and political history of the country, providing the audience with a much-needed and riveting context for understanding the formation and the eventual demise of Tito’s Yugoslavia.

KERCH STRAIT IN KAMYSH-BURUN SPIT AREA: HIGH-RESOLUTION SEISMOACOUSTIC APPROACH

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
В. Зинько ◽  
V. Zin'ko ◽  
А. Зверев ◽  
A. Zverev ◽  
М. Федин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Fracture Zone ◽  
Sedimentary Cover ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
The West ◽  
Early Generation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Azov Sea ◽  
Kerch Strait ◽  
Made In

The seismoacoustical investigations was made in the western part of the Kerch strait (Azov sea) near Kamysh-Burun spit. The fracture zone with dislocated sedimentary rocks layers and buried erosional surface was revealed to the west of spit. Three seismofacial units was revealed to the east of spit. The first unit was modern sedimentary cover. The second ones has cross-bedding features and was, probably, the part of early generation of Kamysh-Burun spit, which lied to the east of its modern position. The lower border of the second unit is the erosional surface supposed of phanagorian age. The third unit is screened by acoustic shedows in large part.

The Mistaken Identification of “The West” with “Modernity”

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
John Obert Voll
Keyword(s):  
World History ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The West ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
Important Impact ◽  
Mistaken Identification ◽  
Nature Ofthe ◽  
Made In ◽  
The Way

The relationships between Islam and the West are complex. Even theperceptions of those relations have an important impact on the nature ofthe interactions. If the basic images that are used in discussing “Islam andthe West” are themselves ill-defiied or viewed in inconsistent ways, therelationships themselves are affected in sometimes dangerous ways.Inconsistent and contradictory terms of analysis can lead to misunderstandingand conflict.One of the most frequent conceptual mistakes made in discussingIslam and the West in the modem era is the identification of “the West”with “modemity.” This mistake has a significant impact on the way peeple view the processes of modernization in the Islamic world as well as onthe way people interpret the relationships between Islam and the West inthe contemporary era.The basic generalizations resulting from the following analysis can bestated simply: 1) “modernity“ is not uniquely “western”; 2) “the West” isnot simply “modernity”; and 3) the identifixation of “the West” with“modemity” has important negative consequences for understanding therelationships between Islam and the West. Modernity and the West aretwo different concepts and historic entities. To use the terms interchangeablyis to invite unnecessary confusion and create possible conflict’andinconsistency. This article will address the problem of definition and theapplication of the defined terms to interpreting actual experiences andrelationships.Understanding the difficulties raised by the identification of theWest with modernity involves a broader analysis within the frameworkof world history and global historical perspectives. In such an analysis, ...

scholarly journals Natural Constraints to Cultural Relativism Example: Ricci’s Pacific-Centered World Maps

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-397
Author(s):  
Elmar Holenstein
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Cultural Relativism ◽  
Central State ◽  
The West ◽  
Gestalt Principles ◽  
Matteo Ricci ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Made In

AbstractNot everything that is logically possible and technically feasible is also natural, for example, placing China in the exact center of a world map. Such a map would not correspond to the laws of perception.Matteo Ricci, who was the first to create Chinese world maps on which the Americas were depicted, had to choose between two ideals, between a world map that obeys the gestalt principles of perception and a world map with the “Central State” China in its center. The first ideal mattered more to him than the second, although he took the latter into account as well. The result was a Pacific-centered map.Since we live on a sphere, what we perceive to be in the East and in the West depends on our location. It is therefore natural that in East Asia, world maps show America in the East and not – as in Europe – in the West. This was the argument underlying Ricci’s creation of Pacific-centered maps, and not the intention of depicting China as close to the center of the map as possible.It is only in East Asia that Ricci was the first to create Pacific-centered maps. World maps with the Pacific in the midfield were made in Europe before Ricci, motivated by the traditional unidirectional numbering of the meridians (0°–360°) from West to East starting with the Atlantic Insulae Fortunatae (Canary Islands).

Diocletian's Price-Edict at Ptolemais (Cyrenaica)

1955 ◽  
Vol 45 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 106-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Caputo ◽  
Richard Goodchild
Keyword(s):  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
The West ◽  
Italian Government ◽  
Systematic Exploration ◽  
Roman Age ◽  
The City ◽  
Made In ◽  
Late Roman

Introduction.—The systematic exploration of Ptolemais (modern Tolmeita), in Cyrenaica, began in 1935 under the auspices of the Italian Government, and under the direction of the first-named writer. The general programme of excavation took into consideration not only the important Hellenistic period, which gave the city its name and saw its first development as an autonomous trading-centre, but also the late-Roman age when, upon Diocletian's reforms, Ptolemais became capital of the new province of Libya Pentapolis and a Metropolitan See, later occupied by Bishop Synesius.As one of several starting-points for the study of this later period, there was selected the area first noted by the Beecheys as containing ‘heaps of columns’, which later yielded the monumental inscriptions of Valentinian, Arcadius, and Honorius, published by Oliverio. Here excavation soon brought to light a decumanus, running from the major cardo on the west towards the great Byzantine fortress on the east. Architectural and other discoveries made in 1935–36 justified the provisional title ‘Monumental Street’ assigned to this ancient thoroughfare. In terms of the general town-plan, which is extremely regular, this street may be called ‘Decumanus II North’, since two rows of long rectangular insulae separate it from the Decumanus Maximus leading to the West Gate, still erect. The clearing of the Monumental Street and its frontages revealed the well-known Maenad reliefs, attributed to the sculptor Callimachus, a late-Roman triple Triumphal Arch, and fragments of monumental inscriptions similar in character to those previously published from the same area.

The Transition from Death to Life

1992 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-249
Author(s):  
Rowan A. Greer
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
The West ◽  
Complicated Conditions

Responding to the complicated conditions produced by both the Constantinian Revolution and the collapse of the Roman Empire in the West, Augustine concerned himself not so much with “earthly transitions” as with the only transition that he believed had final significance: the transition of Christ from death to life.

The cradle of Western medicine

Nowa Medycyna ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Lluch
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Western Medicine ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
The Other ◽  
The West ◽  
Medical Terms ◽  
Andreas Vesalius ◽  
Medical Tradition ◽  
Roman Medicine ◽  
Greek Civilization

The origins of Western Medicine can be found through the Greeks and the Romans, originally with Mythological figures represented by the god Asclepius, and later by Greek doctors such as Hippocrates and Galen. Roman medicine was highly influenced by the Greek medical tradition, relying more on naturalistic observations rather than on spiritual rituals. The writings of Galen survived more than other medical scriptures in antiquity. His theories dominated and influenced Western medical science for more than 1,300 years. This acceptance led to the spread of Greek medical theories throughout the Roman Empire, and thus a large portion of the West. Most of the actual medical terms are of Greek origin, as they were the founders of rational medicine in the golden age of Greek civilization. The Hippocrates were the first to describe diseases based on observation, and the names given by them to many conditions are still used today. On the other hand, most anatomical terms are in Latin (Nomina Anatomica), explained by the printed descriptions and illustrations of human dissections published in 1543 in the seminal work “De humani corporis fabrica” (“The Fabric of the Human Body”) by Andreas Vesalius.

Psychiatry in the Northern Sudan: A Study in Comparative Psychiatry

1968 ◽  
Vol 114 (513) ◽  
pp. 945-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Elsarrag
Keyword(s):  
Private Practice ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
The West ◽  
Government Clinic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Made In

This study is mainly based on my work in psychiatry in the Clinic of Nervous Disorders, Khartoum North, and with my private practice patients. I have seen altogether 2,160 patients. The distribution of psychiatric illness in these is shown in the table below. The two populations of patients attending the Government clinic and private practice are comparable, and the same patients interchange. A comparison is made in this paper between psychiatry in the West, mainly British psychiatry, and Sudanese psychiatry.

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