THE EMERGENCE AND IMPACT OF MONEY IN GREECE AND LIFE BACK THEN

The Greek civilization is one of the basic elements of the so-called civilization conflict in ancient times, and history has preserved the echo of that conflict, but historians have been limited to describing and evaluating the conflict without focusing on the role of money in managing the movement of the conflict, which had an influential nature in the politics of Greece in general , especially after Macedonia entered the line of conflict and took control of the city of Krindes at the foot of Mount Pangios, which is distinguished by its richness of gold, as it made it richer than the rest of the Greek states,Philip took out from it thousands of gold every year, which enabled him to bribe the opposition politicians, and this is where the researchs' importance is marked with the emergence of money in the Greek countries and its impact on life back then. Based on this importance, the reason for choosing this particular topic is of the axes of the historical review conference - Ancient history- as the study aims to find similarities and differences between the money spread in that period since this topic was studied according to the historical method.

[Review of the history of the teaching of medicine in Arabic]

This paper reviews the history of using Arabic as a working language in the development of medical sciences and education since the Arab-Islamic civilization took over the heritage of the Greek civilization and replaced it in the track of piomeer human civilizations. The paper also discusses the subsequent developments in teaching medical sciences in the Arab world up till now

Wisdom in Dialogue with Greek Civilization

This article surveys attempts to explore the relation of the so-called Wisdom Literature of the Hebrew Bible—the books of Job, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes—to figures and texts within Greek civilization. “Classical” and “biblical” texts have furnished a two-sided wisdom discourse within Western culture throughout the late antique, medieval, and early modern periods. Nevertheless, focused, comparative examinations of Wisdom texts in the two streams of tradition have not featured prominently in modern critical treatments of Wisdom in the Hebrew Bible. This article provides a brief review of essential backgrounds: the old dialectic between “Athens” and “Jerusalem” as well as modern attempts to distinguish “Hebrew thought” from “Greek thought.” The final section of the article turns to more recent examinations of specific parallels between the book of Ecclesiastes and Greek skepticism, the book of Job and Greek tragedy, and the book of Proverbs and virtue ethics.

British Hellenism and British Philhellenism: The Establishment of the Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies, 1879

The Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies, established in 1879, provided arguments for the bridging of the gap that separated British Hellenism from British philhellenism for the most part of the nineteenth century. For academics and scholars interested in Greek civilization sympathy with modern Greece was always a matter of choice, which might be influenced by classical reading but did not constitute an indispensable part of it. The necessity to visit Greece, study on the spot and, when possible, bring to light the material remnants of Hellenic civilization, and to trace among the people living evidence of the classical age emerged with the introduction of historicity as a concept and archaeology as a practice into British Hellenism. The formation of the Society represented a single but important step in this process. Its rules, on the other hand, “officially” sanctioned the assumption of the continuity of the Greek race.

Idiosyncrasy in Science: an idea forgotten or not understood?

The idea of idiosyncrasy (idiosugkrasía) emerged in Greek civilization and referred to the individual's peculiar behavioral condition [1]. In current medicine, the term refers to "the particular predisposition of the organism that causes an individual to react personally to the influence of external agents, such as food and drugs" [1]...

Daughters in the Deuterocanonical Books of the Old Testament

The instances where daughters are mentioned in the Greek books of the Old Testament are not numerous. They are interesting, however, and deserving of exegesis and interpretation. In Tobit and Ben Sira their relationship to fathers are stressed and this aspect is of importance, whether those relationships are good or strained. If the texts are compared with the Hebrew Bible, more light is thrown on the personalities of the daughters, and they are valued more highly. Some influence of the Greek civilization can be presupposed here. A link with the Mediterranean culture of honor and shame can also be traced, especially in Ben Sira.

El negocio jurídico, la declaración de voluntad y el ordenamiento jurídico

Uwe Wesel, professor of law at the Free University of Berlin, expressed in several of his writings an interesting thought: more than the law of obligations (Schuldrecht) the law of contracts (Vertragsrecht) is a better metadiscourse to reread and interpret the spectrum of The legal, which could even give an accurate account of the history of Western law. From the origins of the Greek civilization and to the Lisbon agreement, the contract was the institute that most connected the legal with the reasonableness, fairness, proportionality, justice and the conservative and protective sense of the community; of course also with the market economy and globalization. For this reason, this diffuse approximation of the contract and the legal business within western juridicity provides interesting inputs, such as inadvertent responses to how certain constitutional principles emerged? Or why do freedom and equality rights always entail obligations? under many others perspectives.

HOMER’S CONCEPTION OF HONOUR AND GLORY IN THE ILIAD

The Iliad is an ancient Greek epic poem which portrays the duration of Trojan War along with battle and events between King Agamemnon and the warrior Achilles. In this paper, the honour and glory of ancient Greek civilization has been discussed in context of The Iliad. The definitions of honour and glory has been discussed along with what motivated the ancient warriors to fight for honour and glory. This study has been carried out to find out the importance standards of honour and glory along with the importance of honour and glory in lives of Greek warriors. One of the central ideas of the Iliad is the honour that soldiers earn in combat. For an ancient Greek man, the ability to perform in battle is the single greatest source of worthiness. The glory earned by soldiers on the battlefield enabled them to live on in legend, becoming heroes who would be remembered long after death. This essence of honour and glory has been discussed in this paper. This paper has also emphasized on the heroic honour of the Greek warriors as performance of war was the simplest measurement tool to measure the heroic honour of the warriors.

PIAGAM MADINAH DAN KONSEP DEMOKRASI MODERN ISLAM MASA KLASIK

ABSTRACTAt present, the state system is increasingly advanced as the result of the adaptation to the world changes. The concept of democracy as one of the current democratic systems is also increasingly sophisticated compared to the practice of democracy in Greek civilization. However, people in developing countries, believes that a good state system which must be implemented in their country is constitutional systems originating from the West which are identical to non-Muslims system. The golden discourses of Islamic civilization in the state are still minimal. Therefore, this article seeks to present a new perspective on the concept of modern democracy which has long been practiced in the classical Islam by the Prophet Muhammad. This current study is a qualitative study which is explaining the concept of Islamic democracy in the classical era compared to the concept of democracy. The data are obtained from examining various books. The results suggest that the Medina charter was an outward proof of the practice of modern democracy that had been carried out by Islam in the classical period.Keywords: Medina Charter, Democracy, Modern,Islamic, Classical