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War and Peace ◽  
2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Tolstoy
Keyword(s):  
Social Condition ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City ◽  
The Church

Moscow’s last day had come. It was a clear bright autumn day, a Sunday. The church bells everywhere were ringing for service, just as usual on Sundays. Nobody seemed yet to realize what awaited the city. Only two things indicated the social condition of...

The City, the Countryside and the Social Gospel in Late Victorian Nonconformity

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 415-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Bebbington
Keyword(s):  
Church Attendance ◽  
Church Of England ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
The People ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City ◽  
The Church

The late nineteenth-century city posed problems for English nonconformists. The country was rapidly being urbanised. By 1881 over one third of the people lived in cities with a population of more than one hundred thousand. The most urbanised areas gave rise to the greatest worry of all the churches: large numbers there were failing to attend services. The religious census of 1851 had already shown that the largest towns were the places where there were the fewest worshippers, although nonconformists gained some crumbs of comfort from the knowledge that nonconformist attendances were greater than those of the church of England. Unofficial surveys in the 1880S revealed no improvement. Instead, although few were immediately conscious of it, in that decade the membership of all the main evangelical nonconformist denominations began to fall relative to population. And it was always the same social group that was most conspicuously unreached: the lower working classes, the bottom of the social pyramid. In poor neighbourhoods church attendance was lowest. In Bethnal Green at the turn of the twentieth century, for instance, only 6.8% of the adult population attended chapel, and only 13.3% went to any place of worship. Consequently nonconformists, like Anglicans, were troubled by the weakness of their appeal.

scholarly journals Urban social movements in South Africa today: Its meaning for theological education and the church

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan F. De Beer
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Theological Education ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Urban Social Movements ◽  
Gustavo Gutierrez ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City ◽  
The Church

In the past decade, significant social movements emerged in South Africa, in response to specific urban challenges of injustice or exclusion. This article will interrogate the meaning of such urban social movements for theological education and the church. Departing from a firm conviction that such movements are irruptions of the poor, in the way described by Gustavo Gutierrez and others, and that movements of liberation residing with, or in a commitment to, the poor, should be the locus of our theological reflection, this article suggests that there is much to be gained from the praxis of urban social movements, in disrupting, informing and shaping the praxis of both theological education and the church. I will give special consideration to Ndifuna Ukwazi and the Reclaim the City campaign in Cape Town, the Social Justice Coalition in Cape Town, and Abahlali baseMjondolo based in Durban, considering these as some of the most important and exciting examples of liberatory praxes in South Africa today. I argue that theological education and educators, and a church committed to the Jesus who came ‘to liberate the oppressed’, ignore these irruptions of the Spirit at our own peril.

La Repubblica sociale italiana come problema storiografico: il caso torinese

2009 ◽  
pp. 101-124
Author(s):  
Nicola Adduci
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Republican Party ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Local Context ◽  
The Social ◽  
Central Actor ◽  
New Research ◽  
The City ◽  
The Voice ◽  
The Church

- The Italian Social Republic as a historiographic problem proposes an interpretive key for a broader analysis of the Italian Social Republic (Rsi), from its formation to its collapse. The Party is seen both as the central actor of the Social Republic and the voice of its overall political project, within a prolonged confrontation and clash with the State. The relations of the Pfr with the different actors in the city of Turin are also explored: the urban community, the Church, the industrialists, the Germans and the Resistance. The interpretation reflects a micro-historical methodological approach, and proposes themes hitherto ignored, such as juvenile discontent and the generational break that resulted. The purpose is to propose new research tracks that make it possible to go beyond the local context, redefining some wider in historiographic questions.Key words: Fascist Republican Party, Italian Social Republic, Turin, Generation, Community.Parole chiave: Pfr, Rsi, Torino, generazione, comunitŕ.

scholarly journals Crowdfunding and accounting history: The construction of the Gran Madre di Dio Church (Turin, 1814 - 1832)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Silvia Sinicropi ◽  
Damiano Cortese ◽  
Massimo Pollifroni ◽  
Valter Cantino
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Political Event ◽  
Cultural Patrimony ◽  
Accounting History ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
The Church

This study emphasizes the history of accountancy, shedding light on its link with artistic and cultural patrimony, an issue that is scarcely addressed but is nearly always a matter underlying the greatest monuments of our civilization. As a case study, this study focuses on one of the significant architectural monuments of the City of Turin: the “Church of Gran Madre di Dio”; which was built to celebrate a historical and political event. Today it is a place of worship, a tourist attraction and a pilgrimage site. The current study corrects, from an accounting and historical perspective, the paucity of knowledge related to the Church of “Gran Madre di Dio”, and it also highlights the social impact its construction had upon the Turin area.

scholarly journals The Spanish Pastoral Romances

PMLA ◽  
1892 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-119
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Social Condition ◽  
Western World ◽  
Philip Ii ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Social ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Church

The introduction of the pastoral romance into Spain in the middle of the sixteenth century, and the extreme favor with which it was received, may, in view of the social condition of the country, seem at first sight paradoxical. At the time of the accession of Philip II, Spain was at the zenith of her military greatness: her possessions were scattered from the North Sea to the islands of the Pacific; and her conquests had been extended over both parts of the western world. The constant wars against the Moors, during a period of over seven hundred years, and the stirring ballads founded upon them, had fostered an adventurous and chivalric spirit,—a distinguishing trait of the Spanish character. Arms and the church were the only careers that offered any opportunity for distinction, and every Spanish gentleman was, first of all, a soldier.

scholarly journals O laicato na Conferência Episcopal Latino-Americana de Aparecida (2007)

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (293) ◽  
pp. 78-102
Author(s):  
Sávio Carlos Desan Scopinho
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Santo Domingo ◽  
Doctrinal Development ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City ◽  
The Church

Este artigo estuda a compreensão do Magistério Eclesiástico sobre o laicato na Quinta Conferência Episcopal Latino-americana, realizada na cidade de Aparecida – SP (Brasil), no ano de 2007. Nessa Conferência, os bispos retomaram a reflexão sobre o laicato apresentada nas Conferências de Medellín (1968), Puebla (1979) e Santo Domingo (1992), dentro de um novo contexto eclesial e social. A proposta é apresentar os vários momentos de realização da Conferência de Aparecida, focando o Documento Conclusivo no que diz respeito à temática do laicato. O ponto de partida da reflexão é que o laicato, na concepção do Magistério Eclesiástico latino-americano, teve uma evolução histórica e doutrinal, com desafios e limites e, ao mesmo tempo, com esperança e utopia. Essa interpretação sobre o leigo contribui para entender os impasses e anseios ainda presentes neste novo milênio, que expressa uma Igreja dinâmica e inserida na realidade social e eclesial do momento atual. O entendimento dos bispos latino-americanos sobre o laicato, expresso no Documento Conclusivo de Aparecida, reforça o reconhecimento da importância dos leigos como protagonistas na estrutura interna da Igreja e na relação com a sociedade.Abstract: This article studies the comprehension of the Ecclesiastical Magisterium about the laity in the Fifth Latin American Episcopal Conference held in the city of Aparecida, São Paulo, Brazil, in 2007. In this Conference the bishops resumed the reflexion about the laity presented in the Conferences in Medellín (1968), Puebla (1979) and Santo Domingo (1992), within a new ecclesial and social context. The proposal is to present various moments of the Conference in Aparecida, focusing on the Conclusive Document, with reference to the laity issue. The beginning of the reflexion concerns to the fact that the laity, in the conception of the latin american Ecclesiastical Magisterium, has had a historical and doctrinal development, with challenges and limits but with hope and utopia at the same time. This interpretation about the laity contributes to understand the impasses and expectations present in this new millenium, which expresses a dinamic Church embedded within the social and ecclesial reality of the current moment. The understanding of the latin american bishops about the laity, expressed in the Conclusive Document of Aparecida, reinforces the recognition of the laity importance as the protagonists in the internal structure of the Church and in the relashionship with the society.Keywords: Laity. Latin America. Ecclesiastical magisterium. V Conference. Aparecida.

The Russian Church in Modern Society (On the Example of the Russian Religious Situation)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 327-341
Author(s):  
Dmitry Tsyplakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Institution ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Social Force ◽  
The Social ◽  
Secular Society ◽  
The City ◽  
The Church

The subject of this article is the concept of the Church in the context of the contemporary Russian religious situation and the understanding of the concept by the Russian philosophical ecclesiology. The current religious situation could be described as post-secular. The Church, which survived two waves of secularization in Russia, retained its social subjectivity. The description of the Church as a conglomerate of believers does not correspond with the self-understanding of the Church in Christian thought. The article reveals the ontological self-understanding of the Church in the works of S.L. Frank, A.S. Homjakov, Russian theologians. The mystical reality of the Church could be combined with the empirical expression of it as a social institution. V.S. Soloviev considered the Church as a part of his theocratic utopia. In it he reduced the Church to a simple political social force. And at present, communities of Christians are expected to be embedded in a certain social functional. Meanwhile, arch-presbyter Nicolas Afanasiev pointed to eschatological reality: to the Church as an eschatological subject, as to the City of God (according to St. Augustine) only dwelling in the city of the earth. It forms the social Church ontology on the basis of the Church and society interaction. The social subjectivity of the Church is implicitly present in the framework of social activity in interaction with secular society. The concept of social subjectivity helps to reveal in the social analysis the essence of the dualistic nature of the Church. As an eschatological subject, it is the Body of Christ and at the head of it is the Christ. Therefore, the Church is a divine-human unity. But in the temporal order of things, in the secular aspect, the Church appears as an organization that performs certain social functions, or as one of the parts of the social institution of religion. The article points out the risk of institutionalization for the Church in which it may lose the social dimension of its subjectivity, which does not correspond to the mystical self-consciousness. The risk is that the Church will fulfill the requests of society but will not be able to reveal its main function of being the “the pillar and ground of the truth” (1 Tim. 3:15). The article summarizes that in modern Russian society the Church must have its own social subjectivity in order to pass this point of choice and create a working model of interaction with society, including secular society. The subjectivity of the Church is one of the conditions for its sustainable existence in modern Russia.

scholarly journals Dead Infants, Cruel Mothers, and Heroic Popes: The Visual Rhetoric of Foundling Care at the Hospital of Santo Spirito, Rome*

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 752-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Bullen Presciutti
Keyword(s):  
Visual Rhetoric ◽  
Social Value ◽  
The Social ◽  
Tiber River ◽  
The City ◽  
The Church ◽  
Fresco Cycle

AbstractThe fresco cycle painted at the behest of Pope Sixtus IV in the late 1470s in the main ward of the hospital of Santo Spirito in Rome comprises an extended pictorial biography of Sixtus, prefaced by scenes representing the legendary foundation of the hospital by his predecessor Innocent III. The legend, which tells how Innocent established Santo Spirito as a foundling hospital in response to the discovery of victims of infanticide in the Tiber River, positions the pope as the savior of the city's unwanted children. This article elucidates how the construction andrenovatioof the hospital is presented in the cycle as a generative product of papal will, with the care of foundlings situated as an integral part of the image of the pope as both Father of the Church and restorer of past glory to the city of Rome. While the frescoes engage with both widespread conventions for representing infanticide and commonplace notions of the social value of caring for abandoned children, I demonstrate that the ideologically potent visual rhetoric of foundling care was also flexible, and could be adapted to meet the specific needs of a particular institutional and patronal context.

Darò leggi a questa città. Il patriarca Raimondo della Torre e il concilio provinciale di Aquileia (1282)

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-439
Author(s):  
Luca Demontis
Keyword(s):  
Social Condition ◽  
The Social ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Church

Raimondo della Torre, patriarch of Aquileia (1273–1299) pacified the patriarchy, improved the social condition of the population and established relations of vassalage with the nobility. He freed numerous bondservants: welcomed by the patriarch in the Church of Aquileia, they were promoted to the rank of functionaries. As a fervent pastor, he devoted his energies to eradicating abuses, calling clerics to their duties. He convoked a provincial council in Aquileia for 1282, to which almost all the suffragans participated, except the bishops of Como and Mantua. The council concerned the reform of the clergy, the defense of the libertas Ecclesiae, the protection of the patriarch and various norms on the piety of the faithful. The decisions of the council were published in the several dioceses and remained in validity for a long time.

Review of periodical articles

Urban History ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTIAN LIDDY ◽  
PAUL ELLIOTT ◽  
LOUISE MISKELL
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Decline ◽  
Women And Gender ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The City ◽  
The Church

This year's publications address seven broad themes: urban growth and migration; the social structure of late medieval towns; women and gender; political communication and the circulation of news; the church in the city; urban decline; and writing about the city.

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