scholarly journals Effects of dietary chromium propionate and space allowance on performance and carcass responses of growing-finishing pigs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre P Santos ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Charles Kiefer ◽  
Robert D Goodband ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Significant Evidence ◽  
Space Allocation ◽  
Carcass Parameters ◽  
Space Restriction

Abstract In a 72-day trial, 256 pigs (Line 600 × 241, DNA Columbus, NE) were used to determine the effect of dietary Cr (Cr propionate; Kemin Industries, Des Moines, IA) and physical space restriction on performance and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs. Pens were blocked by initial weight and randomly assigned to treatments with eight pigs per pen and eight pens per treatment. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial with main effects of Cr (control and Cr propionate, 200 µg/kg added Cr) and space allowances (0.91 m²/animal: normal and 0.63 m²/animal: restricted). Pigs were fed in three dietary phases and pigs were weighed approximately every 14 days throughout the study. Feed efficiency was calculated as both a standard gain to feed ratio and as an adjusted G:F ratio at a common final bodyweight. There were no evidence of space allocation × Cr interactions for any measured responses (P > 0.05). Space restriction decreased (P < 0.001) daily weight gain, final body weight, hot carcass weight, and daily feed intake, but increased carcass yield (P = 0.009) and decreased backfat depth (P = 0.003). Feed efficiency was greater for pigs provided a normal space allowance when adjusted for a common final bodyweight (P = 0.021), although no evidence of a difference was observed for unadjusted G:F (P = 0.687). Adding Cr to the diet reduced G:F on both an adjusted and unadjusted basis (P ≤ 0.021). There was marginally significant evidence that pigs provided Cr had lower average daily gain (P = 0.079) and final bodyweight (P = 0.056) compared to pigs not provided added Cr. There was marginally significant evidence that Cr resulted in greater backfat depth (P = 0.069), although no evidence of a difference in other carcass parameters were observed (P > 0.10). These results demonstrated that there were no interactions between Cr propionate and space allocation, illustrating that under the conditions of this study Cr propionate did not provide an advantage in growth performance or carcass characteristics in either adequate or restricted space allocation.

scholarly journals Performance, Antimicrobial Effect and Carcass Parameters of Finisher Broilers Given Xylopia aethiopica Dried Fruits (Grains of Selim) as Additive

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 124-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Ogagaoghene Isikwenu ◽  
Ifeanyi Udeh ◽  
Bernard Izuchukwu Oshai ◽  
Theresa Ogheneremu Kekeke
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Carcass Parameters

Abstract The effect of graded levels of grains of selim on the performance, gut microbial population and carcass characteristics of finisher broilers was investigated. Two hundred and four (204) 28 days old broiler chicks (Marshal breed) were randomly allotted to four treatments with each treatment having three replicates of 17 chicks each in a completely randomized design. Finely blended grains of selim was administered through drinking water on treatments 2, 3 and 4 at concentrations of 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 g per litre while chicks on treatment 1 (control) received 1.0 g per 1.5 litre of antibiotics (Gendox). Chicks were fed ad libitum with isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets containing 20% crude protein and 3000 Kcal/kg metabolisable energy for four weeks. Results showed no significant (P > 0.05) differences among treatments in the final body weight, total weight gain, daily weight gain, total feed intake, daily feed intake and feed:gain ratio. There were differences in the microbial population of the gastro-intestinal tract with colony count decreasing as the concentration of grains of selim increases. Carcass characteristics and organ weights were similar (P > 0.05) except for thigh and spleen weights, and large intestine lengths where differences (P < 0.05) exist. Mortality ranged from 8.47% - 13.47% across treatments. The results indicated that grains of selim have antimicrobial and anthelminthic properties, and promote growth in broiler chickens

scholarly journals Increasing hybrid rye level substituting wheat grain with or without enzyme on growth performance and carcass traits of growing-finishing barrows and gilts

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1561-1574
Author(s):  
Miranda N Smit ◽  
Xun Zhou ◽  
José L Landero ◽  
Malachy G Young ◽  
Eduardo Beltranena
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Hybrid Rye ◽  
D 23

Abstract: New European, fall-planted hybrid rye grown in western Canada is more resistant to ergot and fusarium and has lower content of anti-nutritional factors than common rye. We evaluated the effect of feeding increasing hybrid rye level substituting wheat grain and non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) enzyme inclusion in diets fed to growing-finishing pigs raised under western Canadian commercial conditions. In total, 1,008 pigs (~44 kg body weight [BW]) housed in 48 pens by sex, 21 pigs per pen, were fed diets with one of three rye (var. KWS Bono; KWS LOCHOW GMBH) inclusion levels substituting wheat grain: low (L; one-third of wheat replaced), medium (M; two-thirds of wheat replaced), or high (H; most wheat replaced), either without (WO) or with (W) enzyme inclusion (280 units of β-glucanase and 900 units of xylanase per kilogram feed; Endofeed W DC; GNC Bioferm) over four growth phases (Grower 2: d 0 to 22, Grower 3: d 23 to 42, Finisher 1: d 43 to 63, Finisher 2: d 64 to slaughter). Pen BW, feed added, and orts were measured on d 0, 22, 42, 63, 76, 91, and at slaughter weight (130 kg). Warm carcasses were weighed and graded (Destron). BW was not affected by either increasing hybrid rye level substituting wheat grain or enzyme inclusion throughout the trial. For the entire trial (d 0 to 76), pigs fed increasing hybrid rye level substituting wheat grain had decreased (P &lt; 0.050) average daily feed intake (ADFI; L 3.05, M 2.98, H 2.91 kg/d) and average daily weight gain (ADG; L 1.01, M 1.00, H 0.97 kg/d). Enzyme inclusion did not affect ADFI but tended (P = 0.080) to increase ADG (WO 0.98, W 1.00 kg/d). Enzyme inclusion improved (P &lt; 0.050) gain-to-feed ratio only in pigs fed the H rye level. Most carcass traits were not affected by either increasing hybrid rye level substituting wheat grain or enzyme inclusion. Increasing dietary hybrid rye level substituting wheat grain increased (P &lt; 0.001) cost per tonne of feed (L 240.28, M 241.28, H 242.20 Can$/kg), but did not affect feed cost per pig or per kilogram BW gain. Enzyme inclusion increased (P &lt; 0.001) cost per tonne of feed (WO 240.36, W 242.15 Can$/kg), but feed cost per pig (WO 82.14, W 80.44 Can$ per pig) and per kilogram BW gain (WO 0.96, W 0.94 Can$/kg gain) were reduced (P &lt; 0.050). In conclusion, fall-planted hybrid rye can completely replace wheat grain in grower-finisher pig diets without affecting feed efficiency, feed cost per pig or feed cost per kilogram BW gain. Inclusion of NSP enzyme would be recommended for diets including high rye levels to improve feed efficiency and ADG.

CASSAVA PEELS AND LEAVES IN THE DIET OF RABBITS: EFFECT ON PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
J. A. Agunbiade ◽  
O. A. Adeyemi ◽  
O. E. Fasina ◽  
B. O. Ashorobi ◽  
M. O. Adebanjo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cassava Peels ◽  
Cassava Peel

An experiment was conducted using 20 growing rabbits (5 – 6weeks in age) of mixed breeds and sexes with initial weight of 500 – 650g to evaluate the effect of replacing maize as a source of energy with cassava peel meal (CPM) and cassava leaf meal (CLM) in their diets. The rabbits were randomly allotted to five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets. Each dietary treatment was replicated 4-time with individually caged rabbits. The experiment lasted 56days. Dietary treatment did not have effect (P > 0.05) on average daily weight gain, water consumption, feed intake and feed efficiency and carcass charactaristics. The utilization of CPM and CLM fortified with palm-oil sludge with or without amino acid supplementation greatly reduced the cost of producing a unit weight of rabbit (P < 0.001). It was concluded that combination of CPM and CLM can serve as a replacement for maize in rabbit diets without any adverse effect on growth performance and carcass characteristics

Growth response, economics of production, carcass characteristics and blood profile of weaner rabbits fed ensiled cassava root-leaf blends (ECRLB) as a replacement for maize

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-165
Author(s):  
A. T. Amos ◽  
A. O. Oso ◽  
O. J. Durojaiye ◽  
K. Agazue ◽  
A. O. Obanla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Cassava Root ◽  
Randomized Design

In a 56-day feeding trial, an experiment was conducted to determine the effects of replacing maize with different levels of ensiled cassava root-leaf blends (ECRLB) on growth, carcass yield, blood profile and economics of production of weaner rabbits. Five experimental diets were formulated and fed to the animals; diet 1= a maize based diet (control diet), diet 2= 30% maize + 10% ECRLB, diet 3 = 20% maize + 20% ECRLB, diet 4= 10 % maize + 30% ECRLB, diet 5= 40% ECRLB. A total number of forty weaner rabbits with an initial average weight of 574.09g±20.03g were randomly allocated to the five dietary treatments in a completely randomized design (CRD) with eight animals per treatment. Data were collected on growth indices, economics of production, carcass characteristics and blood profile Increased (P<0.05) weight gain was observed as the percentage inclusion of ECRLB increased. Rabbits on diet 4 (10 % maize + 30% ECRLB) and 5 (40% ECRLB) recorded the highest (P<0.05) daily weight gain with a corresponding highest (P<0.5) final body weight. Similar FCR were recorded across the treatments Economics of production of animals on diets containing 30 and 40% ECRLB was the best (P<0.05). Carcass indices were not significantly (P>0.0) affected by the experimental diets. Rabbits fed ECRLB recorded lower (P<0.05) serum cholesterol and higher (P<0.05) serum glucose concentration compared to control. In conclusion dietary inclusion of ECRLB up to 40% improved performance and did not show any deleterious effects on all indices examined and is recommended.     Au cours d'un essai d'alimentation de 56 jours, une expérience a été menée pour déterminer les effets du remplacement du maïs par différents niveaux de mélanges racines-feuilles de manioc ensilées (le 'ECRLB) sur la croissance, le rendement de carcasses, le profil sanguin et l'économie de la production de lapins sevrés. Cinq régimes expérimentaux ont été formulés et nourris aux animaux ; régime 1= régime à base de maïs (régime de contrôle), régime 2= 30% maïs + 10% ECRLB, régime 3 = 20% maïs + 20% ECRLB, régime 4= 10% maïs + 30% ECRLB, régime 5= 40% ECRLB. Un nombre total de quarante lapins sevrés d'un poids moyen initial de 574,09 g±20,03 g ont été attribués au hasard aux cinq traitements diététiques dans une conception complètement randomisée (CRD) avec huit animaux par traitement. Des données ont été recueillies sur les indices de croissance, l'économie de la production, les caractéristiques de la carcasse et le profil sanguin. Le gain de poids accru (P<0,05) a été observé à mesure que l'inclusion en pourcentage de l'ECRLB augmentait. Les lapins de l'alimentation 4 (10 % de maïs + 30 % d'ECRLB) et 5 (40 % d'ECRLB) ont enregistré le gain de poids quotidien le plus élevé (P<0,05) avec un poids corporel final correspondant le plus élevé (P<0,5). Les 'FCR' similaires ont été enregistrés à travers les traitements Économie de la production d'animaux sur les régimes contenant 30 et 40% ECRLB a été le meilleur (P<0,05). Les Indices carcasse n'étaient pas significativement (P>0,0) affectés par les régimes expérimentaux. Les lapins nourris à l'ECRLB ont enregistré un taux de cholestérol sérique inférieur (P<0,05) et une concentration plus élevée de glucose sérique (P<0,05) par rapport au contrôle. En conclusion, l'inclusion alimentaire de l'ECRLB jusqu'à 40 % a amélioré les performances et n'a pas montré d'effets délétères sur tous les indices examinés et est recommandée.

scholarly journals Effects of steroidal implants on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, and serum and meat estradiol-17β concentrations of Holstein steers

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Henrique Vilela Carvalho ◽  
George A Perry ◽  
Tara L Felix
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

Abstract The objectives of the study were to determine the effect of steroidal implants on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and estradiol-17β (E2) concentrations in the blood and longissimus muscle of Holstein steers fed a grain-based diet. Seventy Holstein steers (average initial BW = 275 ± 6.4 kg, 10 to 12 mo of age) were assigned to treatments: (i) implanted with 80 mg of trenbolone acetate (TBA) and 16 mg of E2 (Component TE-IS with Tylan; Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN) at the start of the trial (day 0), and reimplanted with 120 mg of TBA and 24 mg of E2 (Component TE-S with Tylan; Elanco Animal Health) on day 84 of the experiment; or (ii) no implant. Implanted Holstein steers were heavier (P ≤ 0.01) than nonimplanted Holstein steers in the middle (day 84) and at the end of the experiment (day 186). Implanting Holstein steers increased (P &lt; 0.01) average daily gain (ADG) and dry matter intake (DMI) without affecting gain-to-feed ratio compared with nonimplanted animals. Carcasses from implanted Holstein steers had greater (P &lt; 0.01) hot carcass weight (HCW) and longissimus muscle (LM) area than carcasses from nonimplanted steers. Implanting did not affect (P ≥ 0.21) other carcass characteristics. There was an increase (P = 0.03) of 1.3 pg of E2/g of muscle in implanted Holstein steers compared with that from nonimplanted Holstein steers. There was an implant × day interaction (P &lt; 0.01) in serum E2 concentrations. Serum E2 concentrations were not altered in nonimplanted Holstein steers, whereas E2 concentration increased (P &lt; 0.01) after steers were implanted, regardless of implant characteristics. Serum E2 peaked at 28 days after the first implant and then rapidly declined after day 56. In summary, steroidal implants administered on days 0 and 84 increased DMI, ADG, HCW, and LM area in Holstein steers compared with nonimplanted steers due to increased serum E2 concentrations. However, these changes did not improve feed efficiency or other carcass characteristics.

Bromocriptine-induced reduction of body fat in pigs

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 931-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. Southern ◽  
A. H. Cincotta ◽  
A. H. Meier ◽  
T. D. Bidner ◽  
K. L. Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Intact Female ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Fat Thickness

Abstract An experiment was conducted with 36 crossbred finishing pigs (18 male castrates and 18 females) to evaluate the effect of bromocriptine implants on growth, feed intake, feed efficiency, plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) and carcass characteristics. Three levels of bromocriptine (0, 5 and 10 mg/[pig·d]) were administered, via implants at the base of the ear, to six (two replicates of three) male castrates or to six (two replicates of three) intact female pigs (2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments). Average initial weight of pigs at the time of implantation was 89.7 kg, and the implants remained in the pigs for 28 (replicate 1) or 30 (replicate 2) d prior to slaughter. Gain, feed intake and efficiency of feed utilization were not affected (P > .10) by bromocriptine. Plasma urea nitrogen was lower in female pigs administered 10 mg bromocriptine; bromocriptine did not affect PUN of male pigs (gender × bromocriptine, P < .08). Tenth rib fat thickness and average backfat thickness were lower (P < .06) and percentage of muscling was higher (P < .06) in pigs implanted with bromocriptine. Female pigs had less 10th rib fat but larger loin eye areas and a greater percentage of muscling than male pigs.

scholarly journals Use of barley or corn silage when fed with barley, corn, or a blend of barley and corn on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and carcass characteristics of finishing beef cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan A Johnson ◽  
Brittney D Sutherland ◽  
John J McKinnon ◽  
Tim A McAllister ◽  
Gregory B Penner
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Liver Abscesses ◽  
Finishing Beef Cattle

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the source of silage, cereal grain, and their interaction on growth performance, digestibility, and carcass characteristics of finishing beef cattle. Using a completely randomized design within an 89-d finishing study, 288 steers were randomly assigned to 1 of 24 pens (12 steers/pen) with average steer body weight (BW) within a pen of 464 kg ± 1.7 kg (mean ± SD). Diets were arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial with corn silage (CS) or barley silage (BS) included at 8% (dry matter [DM] basis). Within each silage source, diets contained dry-rolled barley grain (BG; 86% of DM), dry-rolled corn grain (CG; 85% of DM), or an equal blend of BG and CG (BCG; 85% of DM). Total tract digestibility of nutrients was estimated from fecal samples using near-infrared spectroscopy. Data were analyzed with pen as the experimental unit using the Mixed Model of SAS with the fixed effects of silage, grain, and the two-way interaction. Carcass and fecal kernel data were analyzed using GLIMMIX utilizing the same model. There were no interactions detected between silage and grain source. Feeding CG increased (P &lt; 0.01) DM intake by 0.8 and 0.6 kg/d relative to BG and BCG, respectively. Gain-to-feed ratio was greater (P = 0.04) for BG (0.172 kg/kg) than CG (0.162 kg/kg) but did not differ from BCG (0.165 kg/kg). Furthermore, average daily gain (2.07 kg/d) and final body weight did not differ among treatments (P ≥ 0.25). Hot carcass weight (HCW) was 6.2 kg greater (372.2 vs. 366.0 kg; P &lt; 0.01) and dressing percentage was 0.57 percentage units greater (59.53 vs. 58.96 %; P = 0.04) for steers fed CS than BS, respectively. There was no effect of dietary treatment on the severity of liver abscesses (P ≥ 0.20) with 72.0% of carcasses having clear livers, 24.4% with minor liver abscesses, and 3.6% with severe liver abscesses. Digestibility of DM, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and starch were greater for BG (P &lt; 0.01) than CG or BCG. As expected, grain source affected the appearance of grain kernels in the feces (P ≤ 0.04). Feeding CS silage increased the appearance of fractured corn kernels (P = 0.04), while feeding BS increased fiber appearance in the feces (P = 0.02). Current results indicate that when dry rolled, feeding BG resulted in improved performance and digestibility compared with CG and BCG. Even at low inclusion levels (8% of DM), CS resulted in improved carcass characteristics relative to BS.

scholarly journals The Replacement Value of Brewers Yeast Slurry-Maize Offal Mixture for Full fat Soybeans and Maize in the Diets of Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
G. O. Achadu ◽  
F. O. I. Anugwu ◽  
F. G. Kaankuka
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Carcass Parameters ◽  
Brewers Yeast ◽  
Feeding Trials ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Crossbred Pigs

Sixteen crossbred pigs (Large Whie x Landrace x Hamoshire) were used in two feeding trials to evaluate the replacement value of brewers yeast slurry-maize offal mixture (BYS-MO) for full fat soybean (FFSB) and maize in the diets of pigs, and in addition to determine carcass characteristics in experiment 2. In experiment 1 four isocaloric (3250 Kcal/kg) and isonitrogenous (18% crude protein maize - full - fat soybean based diets containing 0, 22.75, 40 and 59.15% of a 1.5: 1 (weight/weight) mixture of BYS_MO were fed ad libitum for 30 days. Parameters concluded included daily feed intake, daily weight gain, feed to gain ratio, protein efficiency ratio, cost per kg weight gain, linear and jointed carcass parameters and weights of internal organs. Due to the high protein content (44.3% of CP) of BYS, the BYS_MO mixture gave a product whose protein content of 34.3% was close to that of FFSB (36.4% CP). There were no significant differences (P>0.05) among treatments in all the parameters measured. However, the cost of feed was lower for the diets containing BYS-MO than the control diets in both experiments, thereby reducing the cost per kg weight gain from #129.20 to #96.20, #84.00 and #43.50 respectively for diets i, ii, iii and iv in experiment 1 and from #133.37 to #116.38, #109.77 and #108.06 respectively for diets i, ii, iii and iv in experiment 2. The 1.5:1 (weight/weight) brewers yeast slurry-maize offal mixtutre can replace up to 40 to 59% of maize and full fat soybeans in diets for weaner-grower pigs and finishing pigs withoutv any adverse effects on performance and carcass quality.

scholarly journals Influence of Enogen Feed corn and conventional yellow dent corn in pelleted or meal-based diets on finishing pig performance and carcass characteristics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadley R Williams ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
Robert D Goodband ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Dent Corn ◽  
Finishing Pig ◽  
Feed Form ◽  
Pig Performance

Abstract Genetic modification of corn has enhanced the use of different corn hybrids in animal agriculture. Enogen Feed corn, developed by Syngenta Seeds (Downers Grove, IL), has potential for use in livestock diets due to increase α-amylase enzyme in the corn thus improving starch digestibility. In addition, the pelleting process also increases starch gelatinization which increases its digestibility by the pig, increasing growth rate and improving feed efficiency. Therefore, pelleting Enogen Feed corn might prove to provide a greater response in growth performance than conventional yellow dent corn. Thus, the objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of corn source and diet form on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs. A total of 288 pigs (53.0 ± 0.5 kg) were used with 8 pigs per pen and 9 pens per treatment in a 72-d study. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial with main effects of corn source (Enogen Feed corn or conventional yellow dent corn) and diet form (meal or pellet). For overall (d 0 to 72) performance, no interactions between corn source and diet form were observed. There was a tendency (P &lt; 0.10) for slightly improved average daily gain (ADG) and gain:feed ratio (G:F) for pigs fed conventional yellow dent corn compared to those fed Enogen Feed corn. For feed form, pigs fed pelleted diets had increased (P &lt; 0.001) ADG and G:F compared to pigs fed meal diets. For carcass characteristics, pigs fed pelleted diets had increased hot carcass weight compared to pigs fed meal diets (P &lt; 0.001). In summary, feeding pelleted diets to finishing pigs increased ADG and improved feed efficiency compared to those fed meal-based diets. There were no major differences between observed corn sources or interactions between corn source and diet form on growth performance.

scholarly journals Growth performance, carcass characteristics, digestibility and economics of broiler production fed diets containing different levels of camel rumen content in the Semi- Arid Zone of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 82-92
Author(s):  
G. Mohammed ◽  
L. G. Asheikh ◽  
U. M. Kolo ◽  
F. I. Abbator ◽  
Z. M. Chana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Rumen Content ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Groundnut Cake ◽  
Carcass Parameters ◽  
Different Levels

The feeding value of different levels of camel rumen content in broiler diet was investigated using 150 Hover marshal broiler chickens from one-day to 63-days of age. The birds were randomly allotted to five /diets with two replicates of 15 birds each. The diets (starter and finisher) were formulated to contain 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% camel rumen content in T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 diets respectively. At nine week of the experiment three birds per replicate were selected for carcass measurement. The backs, hearts, kidneys, lungs, liver and spleen were not significantly (P > 0.05) different among the treatment groups while other parameters were significantly (P<0.05) different among the treatment groups. At week eight of the experiment three birds per replicate were selected for digestibility study. At the starter stage, the daily feed intake and daily weight gain were significantly (P<0.05) different among the treatment groups but only the feed conversion ratio was not affected (P>0.05) by the camel rumen content (CRC) in the diets. However, broiler chicks fed CRC T1 (0%), T2 (5%), T3 (10%) and T4 (15%) had better daily weight gain than those fed T5 (20%). During the finisher stage, all the growth parameters were not affected (P>0.05%) by CRC except final body weight which was affected (P<0.05) by the test material. Economic of production showed that CRC diets were not profitable in terms of cost of feed per kg weight gain during the starter stage. At finisher stage the cost of feed per kg weight gain were better in broilers chicken fed CRC based-diets. The result of the experiment showed that camel rumen content can replace maize and groundnut cake up to 15% level without deleterious effect on the roductive performance of broiler chicks.However, at finisher stage up to20%dietarymaize and groundnut cake could be replaced with CRC without adverse effect on the growth performance, carcass parameters, digestibility and economics of production.

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