Commercial baby food consumption and dietary diversity in a statewide sample of WIC infants

Dietary inadequacy is a major challenge among young children in Ghana. Nutritional policies are required for optimum child nutrition and development. This study explored food consumption and dietary diversity by socioeconomic status and geographical location among children aged 6–23 months in Ghana. We used the latest national representative, cross-sectional data from the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS-2014). A total of 887 children aged 6–23 months were used in the final analysis. The survey collected data on children’s food consumption through their mothers in the 24 h recall method. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between socioeconomic status and geographical location with food consumption and adequate dietary diversity after adjusting for control variables. The study revealed an association between specific food item consumption, food groups, and dietary diversity by socioeconomic and geographic characteristics. However, dairy consumption increased faster than other nutritional foods when socioeconomic status increased. Furthermore, the study revealed that children’s chances of consuming particular food items and food groups differed across Ghana’s 10 regions. The average probabilities of consuming adequate dietary diversity between the Greater Accra region and Ashanti region were 43% vs. 8% (p < 0.001). Consumption of grains, root, and tubers were relatively higher but low for Vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables and legumes and nuts for children aged 6–23 months in Ghana. Overall, the mean dietary diversity score was low (3.39; 95% CI: 3.30–3.49) out of eight food groups, and the prevalence of adequate dietary diversity was 22% only. There is a need for policy interventions to ensure appropriate dietary practices to promote healthy growth of children.

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The Impacts of Short-Run Free Distribution on Subsequent Consumers' Demand for a Commercial Baby Food in Developing Countries

AEA Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

10.1257/rct.8005-1.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Satoru Okonogi

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Baby Food ◽

Free Distribution ◽

Short Run ◽

Commercial Baby Food

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Breastfeeding is associated with children’s dietary diversity in Brazil

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva ◽

10.1590/1413-812320182411.29312017 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (11) ◽

pp. 4345-4354 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Gisele Ane Bortolini ◽

Elsa Regina Justo Giugliani ◽

Muriel Bauermann Gubert ◽

Leonor Maria Pacheco Santos

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Human Milk ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Health Survey ◽

Food Frequency Questionnaire ◽

Poisson Regression ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Consumption Patterns ◽

Food Frequency ◽

Brazilian Children

Abstract The aim of this study was to describe food consumption patterns in Brazilian children aged 6-24 months and to assess differences between breastfed children who do not consume non-human milks, breastfed children who consume non-human milks, and non-breastfed children. This study used data from the Brazilian National Demographic and Health Survey (2006). The food consumption patterns of 1,455 children were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. One indicator adopted in this study was the healthy diverse diet. The association between breastfeeding and food consumption was tested using multivariate Poisson regression. At the interview, 15.8% of the children were breastfed without consuming non-human milk, 30.7% consumed breast milk in conjunction with non-human milk, and 53% were not breastfed anymore. Over half consumed the recommended foods, 78% consumed foods rich in sugar, fat, and salt, and only 3.4% were on a healthy diverse diet. The breastfed children who did not consume non-human milks were almost five times more likely to be on a healthy diverse diet and were 19% less likely to consume foods rich in sugar, fat, and salt than the breastfed children who also consumed non-human milks and the non-breastfed children.

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How well do different dietary and nutrition assessment tools match? Insights from rural Kenya

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980018002756 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 391-403 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Andrea Fongar ◽

Theda Gödecke ◽

Antony Aseta ◽

Matin Qaim

Keyword(s):

Food Consumption ◽

Food Access ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Anthropometric Measures ◽

Household Level ◽

Individual Level ◽

Rural Kenya

AbstractObjectiveVarious indicators and assessment tools exist to measure diets and nutrition. Most studies eventually rely on one approach. Relatively little is known about how closely results match when different tools are used in the same context. The present study compares and correlates different indicators for the same households and individuals to better understand which indicators can be used as proxies for others.DesignA survey of households and individuals was carried out in Kenya in 2015. Seven-day food consumption and 24 h dietary recalls were administered at household and individual level, respectively. Individual height and weight measures were taken. Different indicators of food access (energy consumption, household dietary diversity scores), dietary quality (individual dietary diversity scores, micronutrient intakes) and nutrition (anthropometric indicators) were calculated and correlated to evaluate associations.SettingRural farm households in western Kenya.ParticipantsData collected from 809 households and 1556 individuals living in these households (782 female adults, 479 male adults, 295 children aged 6–59 months).ResultsAll measures of food access and dietary quality were positively correlated at individual level. Household-level and individual-level dietary indicators were also positively correlated. Correlations between dietary indicators and anthropometric measures were small and mostly statistically insignificant.ConclusionsDietary indicators from 7d food consumption recalls at the household level can be used as proxies of individual dietary quality of children and male and female adults. Individual dietary diversity scores are good proxies of micronutrient intakes. However, neither household-level nor individual-level dietary indicators are good proxies of individual nutritional status in this setting.

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Household Food Security Status and Its Determinants in Maphumulo Local Municipality, South Africa

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su10093307 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 3307 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Primrose Ngema ◽

Melusi Sibanda ◽

Lovemore Musemwa

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Food Security ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Household Food Security ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽

Household Food ◽

Food Security Status

Food security at the household level remains a major issue in South Africa and for many other developing countries, particularly those in Africa. As a means of ensuring food security in KwaZulu-Natal province, various food security intervention programmes were launched. Nonetheless, food security remains an issue among households in the province. This paper estimates the household food security status of the “One Home One Garden” (OHOG) beneficiaries against that of non-beneficiaries and assesses the determinants of household food security status in Maphumulo. A stratified random sampling technique was used to sample 495 households (including 330 OHOG beneficiaries and 165 non-beneficiaries). The status of household food security was estimated by means of a “Household Dietary Diversity Score” (HDDS). Additionally, a Household Food Consumption Score” (HFCS) tool was employed to supplement the HDDS. The results showed that food consumption patterns were characterized by medium (4.89) and average (4.22) HDDS for the OHOG beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries, respectively. Taking HDDS as a proxy for household food security, an independent samples t-test (Levene’s test—equal variances assumed) reveals a significant (p < 0.001) relationship between the sample means of the two groups. A greater proportion (65%) of the OHOG beneficiaries had an acceptable (≥35) HFCS level, whereas just over half (54%) of the non-beneficiaries fell in the borderline (21.5 to 35) HFCS level. The determinants of household food security status were elicited by means of a binary logistic regression model. The results revealed that education (p = 0.036), receiving infrastructural support (irrigation) (p = 0.001), and participation in the OHOG programme (p = 0.000) positively influenced the food security status of households, yet household income (p = 0.000) and access to credit (p = 0.002) showed a negative correlation. This paper proposes that government and developmental agencies, in their efforts to enhance food security through food security intervention programmes, should support households by investing in education and agricultural infrastructure, as well as giving priority to smallholder infrastructural irrigation support for households that largely rely on rain-fed systems.

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Food and Nutrition Security in Rural Bihar: Dimensions and Determinants

Social Change ◽

10.1177/00490857211034492 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 396-419

Author(s):

Swati Dutta ◽

Sunil Kumar Mishra

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Distribution System ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Food Prices ◽

Household Food Security ◽

Food And Nutrition Security ◽

Nutrition Security ◽

Food And Nutrition

The level of food diversity in any household is an indicator of its healthy dietary habits. It depends on demographic and socio-economic conditions, geographic location, consumption habits and expenditure, cultural practices, income, food prices and the availability, access and utilisation of food. Against this backdrop, our study analyses the pattern of food consumption, dietary diversity, food frequency and the Recommended Dietary Allowance in 12 villages located in 6 districts of Bihar to understand the socio-economic determinants of a household’s food security. The results show that the diversity of food consumption is mainly dependent on the consumption of cereals across various socio-economic classes. Our analysis also emphasises the importance of schemes like the Public Distribution System which has a positive influence on food security outcomes of a household. The logistic regression results show that if the household belongs to the richest consumption class, with better education levels and more salaried members, then the probability of better food and nutrition security is high. In contrast, the low social status of a household, especially those from a Scheduled Caste background, will reveal reduced household food security.

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Impact of Rural-Urban Migration on the Food Consumption Pattern of Farming Households in Ibadan/Ibarapa Agricultural Zone of Oyo State, Nigeria

Developing Sustainable Food Systems, Policies, and Securities - Practice, Progress, and Proficiency in Sustainability ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-2599-9.ch013 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 216-238

Author(s):

Fatai Abiola Sowunmi ◽

Funmi Lydia Adeduntan

Keyword(s):

Food Consumption ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Diversity Indices ◽

Food Group ◽

Consumption Pattern ◽

Urban Migration ◽

Rural Urban Migration ◽

Farming Households ◽

Food Consumption Pattern

The study examined the impact of rural-urban migration on the food consumption pattern of farming households. The study revealed that 73.8% of the households had migrants, while 80.2% of the migrants were male. The highest level of education of most of the migrants was secondary school (71.4%). The study showed that the major reason (63.3%) for migration was for job. The average remittance sent per year was ₦108,119.14. The study revealed that household expenditure on carbohydrate food group accounted for 54.4% of the total households' expenditure on food. The average dietary diversity indices for the migrant (0.345) and non-migrant (0.346) households were low. The study revealed that migration (short and long term) positively influenced per capita food expenditure of respondent. Despite the remittance from some of the migrants, the need to develop the rural areas in terms of provision of basic infrastructures by government is imperative in order to reduce rural-urban migration.

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