scholarly journals Characterization of Legionella pneumophila isolates from patients in Japan according to serogroups, monoclonal antibody subgroups and sequence types

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 653-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Amemura-Maekawa ◽  
Fumiaki Kura ◽  
Jürgen H. Helbig ◽  
Bin Chang ◽  
Akiko Kaneko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Discrimination Index ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
The World ◽  
Bath Water ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Sequence Types

We collected 86 unrelated clinical Legionella pneumophila strains that were isolated in Japan during the period 1980–2008. Most (80.2 %) belonged to serogroup 1, followed by serogroups 5, 3 and 2. Interestingly, the patients with L. pneumophila serogroup 1 had a significantly higher male-to-female ratio (12.4) than the patients with other L. pneumophila serogroups (2.0) (OR, 10.5; 95 % CI, 2.5–44.5). When the serogroup 1 strains were analysed by monoclonal antibody (mAb) typing, the most prevalent subgroup was Benidorm (34.9 % of all isolates). Moreover, 79.7 % of the serogroup 1 isolates were bound by mAb 3/1, which recognizes the virulence-associated epitope. When all 86 isolates were subjected to sequence-based typing (SBT) using seven loci, they could be divided into 53 sequence types (STs). The ST with the most isolates (seven) was ST1, to which most isolates from patients and environments around the world belong. However, six of the seven ST1 isolates were isolated before 1994. Other major STs were ST306 (n=6), ST120 (n=5) and ST138 (n=5). All ST306 and ST138 isolates, except for one isolate (ST306), were suspected or confirmed to be derived from bath water, which suggests that these strains prefer bath habitats. The sources of all ST1 and ST120 isolates remain unclear. By combining the SBT and mAb data, the 86 isolates could be divided into 59 types (discrimination index, 0.984). This confirms the usefulness of this combination in epidemiological studies.

scholarly journals Role of Multi Detector Computed Tomography Cervicocerebral Angiography in Evaluation of Patients with Stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Balaji Varaprasad Mallula ◽  
Jithender Reddy Chintala ◽  
Srinadh Boppanna ◽  
S. Annapurna
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Risk Factor ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
The World ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Multi Detector Computed Tomography

Background: Stroke is the second single most common cause of death in the world causing approximately 6.7 million deaths each year. It has a greater disability impact on an individual than any other chronic disease. The aim of the study is to review the value of CTA in detection and evaluation of non-traumatic cervicocerebral vascular disease (stroke). Subjects & Methods: A prospective observational study conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, Kamineni Hospitals, L.B. Nagar, Hyderabad over 60 patients during April 2016 to May 2017. Results: Out of 60 patients, 35(58.3%) patients had ischemic stroke, 25(41.6%) had hemorrhagic stroke. Overall stroke was seen mostly in the age group of 61-70 (28.3%) years, with a Male to female ratio of 3:2. Conclusion: Hypertension was the most common risk factor associated with this disease, followed by diabetes. CTA helps in accurate diagnosis, risk stratification and planning management protocols.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and Molecular Characteristics of the MDR Efflux Pump Gene-Carrying Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Strains Isolated in Warsaw, Poland

Biology ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Olga M. Zając ◽  
Stefan Tyski ◽  
Agnieszka E. Laudy
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
The World ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Resistance Nodulation Division ◽  
Sequence Types

An increase of nosocomial infections caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strains has recently been observed all over the world. The isolation of these bacteria from the blood is of particular concern. In this study we performed the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of 94 S. maltophilia isolates, including isolates from patients hospitalized in a tertiary Warsaw hospital (n = 79) and from outpatients (n = 15). All isolates were found to be susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and minocycline, while 44/94 isolates demonstrated a reduction in susceptibility to levofloxacin. A large genetic variation was observed among the isolates tested by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. A clonal relationship with 100% similarity was observed between isolates within two sub-pulsotypes: the first included nine bloodstream isolates and the second involved six. Multilocus sequence typing showed two new sequence types (ST498 and ST499) deposited in public databases for molecular typing. Moreover, the presence of genes encoding ten different efflux pumps from the resistance-nodulation-division family and the ATP-binding cassette family was shown in the majority of the 94 isolates. The obtained knowledge about the prevalence of efflux pump genes in clinical S. maltophilia strains makes it possible to predict the scale of the risk of resistance emergence in strains as a result of gene overexpression.

scholarly journals Variations in the anatomical distribution of peripheral vascular disease according to gender

2011 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gareth Morris-Stiff ◽  
Samuel Ogunbiyi ◽  
Jonathan Rees ◽  
Colin J Davies ◽  
Eryl Hicks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Peripheral Vascular Disease ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Anatomical Distribution ◽  
Bilateral Lesions ◽  
Male To Female

BACKGROUND While large epidemiological studies have suggested that the male gender is more frequently afflicted with intermittent claudication, there is little data whether there are gender differences in the distribution of peripheral vascular disease (PVD). The aim of this study was to clarify this issue on the basis of angiographic findings in patients presenting with claudication. PATIENTS AND METHODS The radiology department computerised database was used to identify all lower limb angiograms performed for investigation of PVD. Patients undergoing incomplete assessment and those with normal angiograms were excluded. Demographic details for each patient were collected together with details of uni- or bilaterality of disease, the number of lesions present and their anatomical distribution according to the major named vessels. Only lesions reported as radiologically significant were included in the analysis. RESULTS Five hundred consecutive angiograms fitting the defined study criteria were assessed. There were 310 males and 190 females giving a male to female ratio of 1.6:1. The most common distribution for both genders was multiple bilateral lesions. There were no significant differences in the number of stenoses in terms of ratio of bilateral to unilateral (2.39 vs 2.77) or ratio of multiple to single lesions (1.5 vs 1.7) between the female and male groups. Disease was more common in males at all anatomical locations, the most significant differences being for lesions of the common femoral and profunda femoris arteries. CONCLUSIONS PVD is more commonly diagnosed in males than females. The disease process is more commonly bilateral in both genders and PVD affects more numerous sites in the male claudicant than in the female claudicant. Nevertheless, there does not appear to be any difference in the anatomical distribution of disease between genders.

scholarly journals Colorectal cancer epidemiology: world trends and incidence of colon cancer in the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2012–2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
S. N. Navruzov ◽  
D. A. Alieva ◽  
E. E. Kulmiev
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Incidence ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Male To Female

Objective: epidemiological evaluation of global trends in colorectal cancer and assessment of colon cancer incidence in the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2012–2017.Materials and methods. We used GLOBOCAN data to analyze the situation with colorectal cancer worldwide. We also assessed the incidence of colon cancer, trends, and mean age of patients (by years) registered in the Republic of Uzbekistan. This article emphasizes the need for epidemiological studies of colorectal cancer in Uzbekistan.Results. World trends in colorectal cancer incidence and mortality indicate that these parameters vary across different regions and depend on the economic situation. There are also some sex differences: men are more likely to develop colorectal cancer than women (male to female ratio 1.25:1.0). The number of patient died of colorectal cancer is growing; the male to female ratio is 1.22:1.0.Conclusions. Our assessment of epidemiological situation of colon cancer in the Republic of Uzbekistan demonstrated that its incidence tends to increase, which necessitates further research evaluating regional differences and risk factors for colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals New sequence types of Legionella pneumophila circulating in northern Italy and comparison with other regions of the world

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bianchi ◽  
F. Pregliasco ◽  
M. Consonni ◽  
M. Tesauro ◽  
M.G. Galli
Keyword(s):  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
The World ◽  
Sequence Types

scholarly journals Sequence-based typing of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 clinical isolates from Belgium between 2000 and 2010

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (43) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Vekens ◽  
O Soetens ◽  
R De Mendonça ◽  
F Echahidi ◽  
S Roisin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Local Strains ◽  
National Reference ◽  
European Working Group ◽  
European Working ◽  
Sequence Types ◽  
Index Of Diversity

Sequence-based typing (SBT) is a discriminatory method widely used to genotype Legionella pneumophila strains. A total of 86 clinical L. pneumophila serogroup 1 (sg1) isolates, collected between January 2000 and December 2010 in the two Belgian National Reference Centres for Legionella pneumophila, were genotyped using the internationally standardised SBT protocol of the European Working Group for Legionella Infections (EWGLI). The isolates could be classified into 31 different sequence types (ST, index of diversity: 0.879). The obtained STs were submitted to the EWGLI SBT-database for L. pneumophila. In our study, ST47 (27.9%) and ST1 (19.8%) were the most frequently detected STs. The detected profiles were a combination of both frequently isolated and unique STs, and of both worldwide distributed and more local strains. Two STs, ST880 and ST881, were new to the EWGLI database. In conclusion, we characterised L. pneumophila sg1 isolates with the SBT method, and created a Belgian profile database that will be useful for future epidemiological studies.

scholarly journals Characterization of Imjin Virus, a Newly Isolated Hantavirus from the Ussuri White-Toothed Shrew (Crocidura lasiura)

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (12) ◽  
pp. 6184-6191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Won Song ◽  
Hae Ji Kang ◽  
Se Hun Gu ◽  
Sung Sil Moon ◽  
Shannon N. Bennett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Evolutionary Divergence ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Demilitarized Zone ◽  
Cross Neutralization ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Male To Female

ABSTRACT Until recently, the single known exception to the rodent-hantavirus association was Thottapalayam virus (TPMV), a long-unclassified virus isolated from the Asian house shrew (Suncus murinus). Robust gene amplification techniques have now uncovered several genetically distinct hantaviruses from shrews in widely separated geographic regions. Here, we report the characterization of a newly identified hantavirus, designated Imjin virus (MJNV), isolated from the lung tissues of Ussuri white-toothed shrews of the species Crocidura lasiura (order Soricomorpha, family Soricidae, subfamily Crocidurinae) captured near the demilitarized zone in the Republic of Korea during 2004 and 2005. Seasonal trapping revealed the highest prevalence of MJNV infection during the autumn, with evidence of infected shrews' clustering in distinct foci. Also, marked male predominance among anti-MJNV immunoglobulin G antibody-positive Ussuri shrews was found, whereas the male-to-female ratio among seronegative Ussuri shrews was near 1. Plaque reduction neutralization tests showed no cross neutralization for MJNV and rodent-borne hantaviruses but one-way cross neutralization for MJNV and TPMV. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences for the different MJNV genomic segments revealed nearly the same calculated distances from hantaviruses harbored by rodents in the subfamilies Murinae, Arvicolinae, Neotominae, and Sigmodontinae. Phylogenetic analyses of full-length S, M, and L segment sequences demonstrated that MJNV shared a common ancestry with TPMV and remained in a distinct out-group, suggesting early evolutionary divergence. Studies are in progress to determine if MJNV is pathogenic for humans.

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