TIRFM standard buffer

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 (10) ◽  
pp. pdb.rec11163
Keyword(s):  
Standard Buffer

Standard Buffer Solutions

2009 ◽  
pp. 31-31-10
Author(s):  
George G. Manov
Keyword(s):  
Buffer Solutions ◽  
Standard Buffer

K(+)-induced inhibition of contractile force in rat skeletal muscle: role of active Na(+)-K+ transport

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (5) ◽  
pp. C799-C807 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Clausen ◽  
M. E. Everts
Keyword(s):  
Rat Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
Muscle Work ◽  
Standard Buffer ◽  
High K ◽  
Longus Muscle ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
K Transport ◽  
Contractile Performance

During excitation, K+ is lost from the working muscle fibers, and interfiber K+ may reach 10-15 mM. This, in turn, may lead to depolarization and impairment of contractile performance. The significance of elevated interfiber K+ was assessed by exposing rat muscles of uniform size (25 mg) to buffer containing 12.5-15 mM K+ and studying the decline in contractile performance and its recovery following restoration of the K+ concentration of the standard buffer (5.9 mM). When active Na(+)-K+ transport was partially inhibited by ouabain (10(-6)-10(-5) M leading to relative occupancies of 28 and 84%, respectively), the decrease in force development induced by high K+ in soleus was considerably accelerated and recovery was delayed. Conversely, when active Na(+)-K+ transport was stimulated by epinephrine, the beta 2-agonist salbutamol, or insulin, the exposure to high K+ gave a much slower decline in force. The time until full inhibition was closely correlated to the rate of Na(+)-K+ pump-mediated 86Rb uptake (r = 0.98; P less than 0.005). Significant retardation of K(+)-induced force decline could be detected down to 10(-8) M epinephrine or salbutamol. After restoration of 5.9 mM K+, recovery was promoted by epinephrine and salbutamol but not by insulin. In extensor digitorum longus muscle, insulin reduced the rate of force decline induced by exposure to 15 mM K+. The results indicate that the Na(+)-K+ pump plays a major role in the maintenance of contractility during the physiological acute exposure to high extracellular K+ associated with muscle work.

pH-Measurements in alcohol-water mixtures, using aqueous standard buffer solutions for calibration

2010 ◽  
Vol 85 (7) ◽  
pp. 647-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Gelsema ◽  
C. L. de Ligny ◽  
A. G. Remijnse ◽  
H. A. Blijleven
Keyword(s):  
Ph Measurements ◽  
Buffer Solutions ◽  
Standard Buffer ◽  
Alcohol Water ◽  
Aqueous Standard

pD and pH Standard Reference Materials Issued

1968 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1226-1229
Keyword(s):  
Reference Materials ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Standard Reference Materials ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Ordinary Water ◽  
Buffer Solutions ◽  
Standard Buffer ◽  
Ion Activity ◽  
Ph Standard

Abstract The National Bureau of Standards (NBS) has recently made eight new standard reference materials available for use in preparing standard buffer solutions that define the pD and pH scales. These scales are used to measure deuterium- and hydrogen-ion activity in heavy and ordinary water, respectively.

Tris/Tris·HCl: A Standard Buffer for Use in the Physiologic pH Range

1972 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A Durst ◽  
Bert R Staples
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Silver Chloride ◽  
Chloride Cells ◽  
Reference Solution ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Hydrochloride Salt ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Standard Buffer ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Ph Standard

Abstract A buffer solution containing tris(hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane (0.01667 mol/kg) and its hydrochloride salt (0.0500 mol/kg) is proposed as a pH standard for the physiologically important pH range of 7.3 to 7.5. Standard pH values were assigned to this reference solution at temperatures from 0° to 50°C by means of measurements with hydrogen/silver chloride cells without transference. At 37°C, the assigned pH of this buffer solution is 7.382, with a temperature coefficient of -0.026 pH unit per degree Celsius. This new standard is more compatible with biologic fluids than is the previously certified phosphate buffer.

scholarly journals Borax as a Standard Buffer Solution

Nature ◽  
1944 ◽  
Vol 154 (3914) ◽  
pp. 577-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. ELMSLY LAUCHLAN
Keyword(s):  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Standard Buffer ◽  
Standard Buffer Solution
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