Impact of hydropower consumption, foreign direct investment and manufacturing performance on CO2 emissions in the ASEAN-4 countries

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Aliyu Danmaraya ◽  
Abubakar Hamid Danlami
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Manufacturing Performance ◽  
Bound Test

Purpose The continuous increase in the discharges of carbon emissions (CO2) in the global atmosphere and the likely negative consequences of this practice on the atmosphere draw the attention of researchers and policymakers to argue on the causes and perpetrators of CO2 emissions. This paper aims to examine the impacts of hydropower consumption, FDI and manufacturing performance on CO2 emissions in the Association of southeast Asian nations (ASEAN)-4 countries. Design/methodology/approach The study uses the data on variables, such as hydro-power consumption, FDI, manufacturing value added and CO2 emissions spanning the period 1980–2015. Autoregressive Distributive Lag Bound test approach was used to assess the relationships among the variables. Findings The long run estimation of elasticities for all the countries indicates that the coefficient of hydro power consumption was found to be significantly related to CO2 emissions only in Malaysia. Additionally, the coefficients manufacturing performance were found to be significant in influence the amount of CO2 emission in all the ASEAN-4 countries. Furthermore, the coefficients of FDI inflows were found to be significant in explaining CO2 emissions in Malaysia and the Philippines, respectively. In the short run, the estimated results show that all the variables were found to be significant in explaining CO2 emissions in the countries under study. Research limitations/implications Singapore is excluded from the ASEAN-4 due to insufficient data on hydro energy consumption. Practical implications The study recommends that as Hydro power energy is a clean source of renewable electricity. Its consumption indicates a negative relationship with CO2 emissions. The countries should emphasize more on the use of hydro source of energy than the other sources which increase the rate of CO2 emissions in the atmosphere. Originality/value As most of the relevant previous studies did not consider the simultaneous impact of hydro energy consumption, FDI and manufacturing value added on CO2 emissions in the ASEAN-4, this study is an important contribution to the existing relevant literature.

Relating energy consumption to real sector value added and growth in a developing economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebere Ume Kalu ◽  
Pius Bala Daniel ◽  
Uchenna Florence Nwafor ◽  
Chinwe R. Okoyeuzu ◽  
Okoro E.U. Okoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Bound Test

Purpose The main aim of this study was to examine whether any relationship exists between energy consumption and value added of the agricultural and industrial sector as well as the overall growth rate of the Nigerian economy. Design/methodology/approach The study used annualized time series data from 1971 to 2014 drawn from the World Bank Development Indicators, adopting an autoregressive distributed lag technique in the data analyses as well as the bound test and error correction representation. Findings There is a very strong evidence of the existence of a long-run relationship between energy consumption and indicators of economic growth. There are very strong proofs that economic growth and agricultural value added adjust to the shocks and dynamics of the studied energy-consumption-related variables while manufacturing value added proved otherwise. Originality value No study to the best of our knowledge has brought together aggregate growth, agricultural value added and manufacturing value added in the investigation of the energy consumption and economic growth nexus in one study using the Nigerian stylized economic environment. This represents the value added of this study and shows its originality.

SDN-cloud: a power aware resource management system for efficient energy optimization

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-343
Author(s):  
Swagatika Shrabanee ◽  
Amiya Kumar Rath
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Service Level Agreement ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Resource Provisioning ◽  
Cloud Services ◽  
Service Rate ◽  
Content Type

PurposeIn modern cloud services, resource provisioning and allocation are significant for assigning the available resources in efficient way. Resource management in cloud becomes challenging due to high energy consumption at data center (DC), virtual machine (VM) migration, high operational cost and overhead on DC.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the authors proposed software-defined networking (SDN)-enabled cloud for resource management to reduce energy consumption in DC. SDN-cloud comprises four phases: (1) user authentication, (2) service-level agreement (SLA) constraints, (3) cloud interceder and (4) SDN-controller.FindingsResource management is significant for reducing power consumption in CDs that is based on scheduling, VM placement, with Quality of Service (QoS) requirements.Research limitations/implicationsThe main goal is to utilize the resources energy effectively for reducing power consumption in cloud environment. This method effectively increases the user service rate and reduces the unnecessary migration process.Originality/valueAs a result, the authors show a significant reduction in energy consumption by 20 KWh as well as over 60% power consumption in the presence of 500 VMs. In future, the authors have planned to concentrate the issues on resource failure and also SLA violation rate with respect to number of resources will be decreased.

Azerbaijan's stability will trump diversification

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Strategic Objective ◽  
Board Of Governors ◽  
Capital Spending ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas ◽  
The Government ◽  
Remittance Flows

Subject Economic diversification in Azerbaijan. Significance Speaking at the Asian Development Bank's annual board of governors meeting in Baku in early May, President Ilham Aliyev said low world oil prices had led the government to implement across-the-board cost-cutting measures to balance the budget. While Azerbaijan has always sought to reduce its dependence on the energy sector, both oil and natural gas exports will continue to be the backbone of economic growth, he declared. Diversifying the national economy away from hydrocarbons towards higher value-added industries and services remains the government's long-term key priority. However, it faces multiple structural challenges. Impacts Azerbaijan's exposure to the neighbouring Russian market will be below average. However, it will continue to be affected by its economic crisis, particularly in terms of migrant remittance flows. The government's capital spending cuts will have direct negative consequences for the downstream sector, regarded as a strategic objective.

Dynamics of energy consumption, real sector value added and growth in energy deficient economies

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1001-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebere Ume Kalu ◽  
Uchenna Florence Nwafor ◽  
Chinwe R. Okoyeuzu ◽  
Vincent A. Onodugo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
Panel Estimation ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Energy Deficiency ◽  
Ssa Countries ◽  
Increase Energy Consumption

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the energy–growth linkage in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with emphasis on real sectors’ contribution to aggregate growth using dynamic panel estimation techniques that are practically and conceptually superior to the static models. Design/methodology/approach Dynamic panel econometric techniques pooled mean group, mean group and dynamic fixed effect were used to investigate the linkage among energy consumption, real sector value added and economic growth from 1967 to 2016 in 48 SSA countries. Findings A strong empirical evidence in favor of energy dependence and growth hypothesis in the investigated SSA countries was found. The finding that real sector value added and overall growth rate adjust reasonably to the shocks and dynamics of the energy consumption variables makes energy consumption an enabler for growth. This indicates that well thought-out and implemented energy development policy will not only increase energy consumption but also elicit multi-sectoral growth while addressing the obvious energy deficiency in the SSA region. Research limitations/implications It is also important to note the policy implications of the high adjustment profiles indicated by the error correction representations. All the speeds of adjustment of the three models denominated in time are slightly above a year and are all within predictable limits (they fall below unity or 100%). We found that when agriculture value added, manufacturing value added and overall economic growth rate in our SSA panel estimation exceed equilibrium levels as a result of deviations arising from energy related variables, downward adjustments at 66%, 62% and 78% per year, respectively, take place. Practical implications The study indicates that well thought-out and implemented energy development policy will not only increase energy consumption but also elicit multi-sectoral growth while addressing the obvious energy deficiency in the SSA region. Social implications Much as this study has made some addition to the literature on energy-growth nexus in the SSA region, which undoubtedly is an unveiling of economic forces in a collection of developing and energy deficient economies, it will be of great research significance if the form and style of this study is adopted for other economic blocs in the shapes and sizes of the SSA region. Originality/value This study ensured currency of data, novelty of approach and disaggregated energy consumption into emerging sources, traditional sources and geographical access.

scholarly journals Link among energy consumption, carbon dioxide emission, economic growth, population, poverty, and forest area

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabiul Islam ◽  
Ahmad Bashawir Abdul Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Negative Impacts

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship among energy consumption (EC), carbon dioxide emission, economic growth, foreign direct investment, population, poverty, and income of four Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries, namely, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, and the Philippines. Design/methodology/approach An econometric analysis was used to achieve the goal of this study taking the period of 1995-2014. Findings The results of the study motivated the researcher to recommend that four ASEAN countries, namely, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, and the Philippines should increase their energy efficiency, increase the share of green energy from their total energy use, and increase energy conservation in order to reduce the unnecessary wastage of energy. Originality/value The findings validate that economic growth, population, and income have positive and statistically significant impacts on EC, while carbon dioxide emission, foreign direct investment and poverty have negative impacts on EC for Malaysia. Economic growth, income and poverty have positive and statistically significant impacts on EC, while carbon dioxide emission, foreign direct investment and population have negative impacts on EC for Singapore. Carbon dioxide emission and foreign direct investment have positive and statistically significant impacts on EC, while economic growth, population, poverty and income have negative impacts on EC for the Philippines. Finally, economic growth, carbon dioxide emission and income have positive and statistically significant impacts on EC, while foreign direct investment, population and poverty have negative impacts on EC for Malaysia.

Cryo comminution of food waste

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.S. Sridhar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Food Wastes ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Content Type ◽  
A Value ◽  
Comminution Process ◽  
By Products

Purpose – The present study involved the development of a value-added comminution process for different recycled meat processing by-products such as bones for management of waste products. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – An indigenous cryo-grinding system was developed and pilot scale comminution tests were carried out on goat and hen bones under different temperature conditions ranging between −15°C and −40°C and sample pre-conditioning adopting liquid nitrogen as a grinding medium. Findings – Cryo comminution produces finer, uniform particle sizes, increased specific surface area per unit mass with lesser specific energy consumption in comparison to room temperature comminution. Breakage behavior studies showed that hardness (609-685 MPa) and brittleness (24-29 m−1/2) and strain energy decreased (3.1-1.1 N-m) as the temperature was lowered. Weight mean diameter, specific energy consumption under ambient and cryogenic conditions, respectively, were 125 and 80 μm, 1,303 and 1,108 kJ/kg. The process developed attempts to eliminate environmental pollution by reducing food wastes generated and incorporates value to waste products. Originality/value – A value-added comminution process for meat processing by-products such as bones was developed to reduce food wastes generated as well as environmental pollution. The process aims to improve public health stressing the importance of recycling through the management of food waste products. Public and private organizations can act as profit centers generating significant revenue and employment by adopting the process.

The relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamit Can ◽  
Özge Korkmaz
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Renewable Electricity ◽  
Renewable Energy Consumption ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Bound Test ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between renewable energy and economic growth of Bulgaria. Design/methodology/approach This study analyzes the relationship between renewable energy and economic growth of Bulgaria for the period 1990-2016, based on annual data, by using the Toda–Yamamoto analysis and Autogressive Distrubuted Lag (ARDL) bound test. This period is characterized by the democratization of the Balkans and several crisis cycles in Bulgaria. Renewable energy consumption (REC, percentage of total final energy consumption), renewable electricity output (REO, percentage of total electricity output) and economic growth (GDP constant 2010 US$) were used. The levels or differences of the variables that are stationary were investigated using the augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF), Philips–Perron (PP) and Kwiatkowski-Philips-Schmidt-Shin (KPSS) unit root tests. Findings Three different results were obtained from this study. One showed that renewable energy consumption and renewable electricity output are the causes of economic growth. Another result of this study is that economic growth and renewable electricity output are the causes of renewable energy consumption. The last result is that economic growth and renewable energy consumption are not causes of renewable electricity output. There was no long-term relationship between variables. Research limitations/implications The ARDL and Toda–Yamamoto tests were used because of lack of data sets. Thus, it is estimated that there is no long-term relationship. Originality/value This study is an original work for Bulgaria, showing the results of the relationship between renewable energy and economic growth. In line with the results of this study, renewable energy projects related to Bulgaria can be predicted.

Genetic algorithm based cooling energy optimization of data centers

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayati Athavale ◽  
Minami Yoda ◽  
Yogendra Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Data Center ◽  
Load Distribution ◽  
Data Centers ◽  
Cooling Power ◽  
Temperature Prediction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Optimization Framework

Purpose This study aims to present development of genetic algorithm (GA)-based framework aimed at minimizing data center cooling energy consumption by optimizing the cooling set-points while ensuring that thermal management criteria are satisfied. Design/methodology/approach Three key components of the developed framework include an artificial neural network-based model for rapid temperature prediction (Athavale et al., 2018a, 2019), a thermodynamic model for cooling energy estimation and GA-based optimization process. The static optimization framework informs the IT load distribution and cooling set-points in the data center room to simultaneously minimize cooling power consumption while maximizing IT load. The dynamic framework aims to minimize cooling power consumption in the data center during operation by determining most energy-efficient set-points for the cooling infrastructure while preventing temperature overshoots. Findings Results from static optimization framework indicate that among the three levels (room, rack and row) of IT load distribution granularity, Rack-level distribution consumes the least cooling power. A test case of 7.5 h implementing dynamic optimization demonstrated a reduction in cooling energy consumption between 21%–50% depending on current operation of data center. Research limitations/implications The temperature prediction model used being data-driven, is specific to the lab configuration considered in this study and cannot be directly applied to other scenarios. However, the overall framework can be generalized. Practical implications The developed framework can be implemented in data centers to optimize operation of cooling infrastructure and reduce energy consumption. Originality/value This paper presents a holistic framework for improving energy efficiency of data centers which is of critical value given the high (and increasing) energy consumption by these facilities.

Does financial development and trade openness enhance industrial energy consumption? A sustainable developmental perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1297-1313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Haider ◽  
Masudul Hasan Adil
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Industrial Energy ◽  
Industrial Energy Consumption

Purpose The purpose of this paper is investigate the dynamic linkages among industrial energy use, industrial value added, financial development (FD) and trade openness, in case of India. The study covers the annual frequency data on both aggregate and disaggregate variables for the period 1971–2016. Design/methodology/approach The autoregressive distributed lag bounds testing approach is applied to examine the long-run relation among variables under consideration. Also, Johansen and Juselius (1990) and vector error-correction mechanism results confirm the result of cointegration. Furthermore, non-linear relationship in the model is also tested. Findings It has been found that there exists long-run relationship among variables. Long-run estimates show that increasing FD leads to more energy uses. Hence, FD should be directed in such a way that it incentivises firms to invest in energy-efficient technology. Furthermore, it is also found that study supports the evidence of conservative hypothesis, which supports that the energy conservation policy should be adopted in the industrial sector. Energy efficiency programme needs to be designed very carefully to achieve a higher level of energy efficiency. This leads to a sustainable growth and low carbon emission. Originality/value This paper examines the recent trend in Indian industrial energy consumption and does a comprehensive analysis using a robust econometric method. We have developed a lucid model to examine the deriving factors of industrial energy consumption.

Teacher corps stability: articulating the social capital enabled when teachers stay

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-252
Author(s):  
Timothy G. Ford ◽  
Patrick B. Forsyth
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
School Effectiveness ◽  
Teacher Turnover ◽  
School Leaders ◽  
Value Added ◽  
School Level ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
Over Time

PurposeThe evidence is strong that the instability of teacher rosters in urban school settings has negative consequences for student learning, but our concern is with the opposite phenomenon: What is the value added to the organization when a school's teaching roster is stable over time? Our theory of teacher corps stability hinges on the claim that the stability of a teacher corps over time is a sine qua non that, under certain conditions, permits formation of the social capital needed to catalyze school effectiveness.Design/methodology/approachWe test this claim using longitudinal data from 72 schools in a large, urban southwestern US school district. We first identified a subset of 47 schools with either chronic teacher turnover (high, stable turnover) or a stable teacher roster (low, stable turnover) via school-level HLM growth modeling techniques. These classifications were then used as a covariate in a series of HLM growth models investigating its relationship to growth in structural, relational and cognitive social capital over time.FindingsOur findings sustain a claim of the importance of teacher corps stability. In our sample of urban schools, we found robust increases in the relational and cognitive dimensions of social capital over time in those schools with stable rosters. Furthermore, schools with chronic turnover were declining significantly in relational social capital, but no appreciable growth in structural social capital was found in either stable roster or chronic teacher turnover schools.Practical implicationsGiven the nature of teacher corps stability and its relationship to key organizational outcomes, school leaders play a central role in realizing teacher corps stability within their school. A certain amount of this effort must necessarily be focused on retaining a stable corps of quality, happy, committed teachers. However, building social capital concerns the active engagement of all actors; thus, school leaders need to think beyond retention to how the teachers that remain can play larger leadership roles in this process.Originality/valueFew studies have examined the positive benefits that can emerge in schools where the majority of teachers remain year after year. Collectively, the study findings suggest that teacher corps stability can provide fertile conditions for the development of social capital that has the potential to enhance school effectiveness and that its staff can leverage for school improvement.

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