Reclaiming cognitive crafting: an integrative model of behavioral and cognitive practices in job crafting

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Newton Melo ◽  
Débora Dourado ◽  
Jackeline Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Meaning Making ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Job Crafting ◽  
Integrative Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Mutual Relations ◽  
Behavior And Cognition

Purpose This paper aims to present a model of how cognitive and behavioral crafting practices relate, reconciling the two dominant and conflicting job crafting theoretical perspectives. Design/methodology/approach Starting by examining the role of cognition and cognitive practices in job crafting, this paper reconstitutes the theorizing path that led to the exclusion of cognitive crafting from job crafting theory, explores existing theorizing efforts to (re)integrate cognitive crafting back into job crafting and proposes a new job crafting model (re)integrating behavioral and cognitive practices. Findings By conceiving cognitive crafting practices as a sensemaking layer that spans across and reciprocates with all behavioral crafting practices, the proposed model specifies the role of behavior and cognition (and the mutual relations between them) in job crafting, while resuming its meaning-making orientation. Originality/value This paper offers novel insights on underspecified aspects of the job crafting theory, improving its heuristic value. It clarifies how meaning is assembled and enacted by people in work environments, allowing for more integrated and comprehensive explanations about how people relate to work.

How HR practice, work engagement and job crafting influence employee performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 591-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Guan ◽  
Stephen Frenkel
Keyword(s):  
Human Resource ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Employee Perceptions ◽  
Job Crafting ◽  
Line Managers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives

PurposeScholars have adopted different theoretical perspectives to explain the influence of HR practice on employee outcomes. However, few studies have investigated the role of human resource (HR) practice in fostering higher in-role and extra-role employee performance by encouraging employee participation in job design, a process referred to as job crafting. Drawing on human resource management (HRM) process theory and the job crafting literature, this study aims to examine how work engagement and job crafting mediate the relationship between employee perceptions of HR practice and employee performance.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use survey on a sample of 455 employees working in five Chinese manufacturing firms to test their theoretical model.FindingsThis study finds that where management maintains a strong HR system, employees are more likely to be engaged in their work and participate in job crafting. In addition, job crafting on its own, and work engagement and job crafting together, are shown to mediate the HRM–performance relationship.Research limitations/implicationsIn a Chinese context, line managers (including supervisors) are both important implementers of HR policy and vary in their adoption of particular roles. Yet our research did not consider the role of these persons in facilitating work engagement or job crafting. Future studies could usefully explore how these managers vary in their attitudes towards job crafting and the roles they play in encouraging this important activity.Practical implicationsOne important implication is that strong HR system with distinctive, consistent and consensus HR practices should be used by managers to motivate employees to encourage work engagement and job crafting behaviours.Originality/valueThis study enriches the theoretical framework to explain the underlying mechanism between HRM and employee performance from job crafting perspective.

Impact of knowledge sharing and absorptive capacity on project performance: the moderating role of social processes

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 453-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Ali ◽  
Ata Ul Musawir ◽  
Murad Ali
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Project Performance ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Knowledge Governance ◽  
Moderating Role

Purpose This study aims to propose an integrated model to examine the impact of knowledge governance, knowledge sharing and absorptive capacity (ACAP) on project performance in the context of project-based organizations (PBOs). This study also examines the moderating role of social processes on the relationships among these variables. Design/methodology/approach To test the proposed model, cross-sectional data were collected regarding projects from 133 PBOs in Pakistan’s information technology/software industry. The data were analyzed using the partial least squares – structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method and PRCOESS tool. Finally, this study also uses causal asymmetry analysis to check asymmetric relationship in the key constructs. Findings The results generally support the proposed model. Knowledge governance and knowledge sharing are important antecedents for improving the ACAP of the project, which in turn significantly improves project performance. Additionally, social processes positively moderate the relationship between knowledge sharing and ACAP, as well as between ACAP and project performance. Research limitations/implications The findings suggest that PBOs should invest in developing a knowledge governance system that guides and stimulates knowledge sharing within and between projects. This would boost the ACAP of projects and lead to superior project performance. Originality/value This study addresses the important issue of knowledge management in IT/software projects. It proposes a unique model that integrates the key constructs of knowledge management and describes their effect on project performance.

Information literacy as a site for anticipation: temporal tactics for infrastructural meaning-making and algo-rhythm awareness

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jutta Haider ◽  
Olof Sundin
Keyword(s):  
Meaning Making ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Information Intermediaries ◽  
Qualitative Thematic Analysis ◽  
Predictive Algorithms ◽  
Algorithmic Information ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
A Site ◽  
Empirical Material

PurposeThe article makes an empirical and conceptual contribution to understanding the temporalities of information literacies. The paper aims to identify different ways in which anticipation of certain outcomes shapes strategies and tactics for engagement with algorithmic information intermediaries. The paper suggests that, given the dominance of predictive algorithms in society, information literacies need to be understood as sites of anticipation.Design/methodology/approachThe article explores the ways in which the invisible algorithms of information intermediaries are conceptualised, made sense of and challenged by young people in their everyday lives. This is couched in a conceptual discussion of the role of anticipation in understanding expressions of information literacies in algorithmic cultures. The empirical material drawn on consists of semi-structured, pair interviews with 61 17–19 year olds, carried out in Sweden and Denmark. The analysis is carried out by means of a qualitative thematic analysis in three steps and along two sensitising concepts – agency and temporality.FindingsThe results are presented through three themes, anticipating personalisation, divergences and interventions. These highlight how articulating an anticipatory stance works towards connecting individual responsibilities, collective responsibilities and corporate interests and thus potentially facilitating an understanding of information as co-constituted by the socio-material conditions that enable it. This has clear implications for the framing of information literacies in relation to algorithmic systems.Originality/valueThe notion of algo-rhythm awareness constitutes a novel contribution to the field. By centring the role of anticipation in the emergence of information literacies, the article advances understanding of the temporalities of information.

Volunteering drivers and continuation will: the role of engagement

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 405-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Aboramadan ◽  
Abderrahman Hassi ◽  
Hatem Jamil Alharazin ◽  
Khalid Abed Dahleez ◽  
Belal Albashiti
Keyword(s):  
Nonprofit Organizations ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Training ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose As volunteering research in nonprofit organizations is growing significantly, the purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of volunteering drivers and work engagement on volunteer continuation will. Design/methodology/approach Building on empirical and theoretical perspectives, the authors hypothesized that work engagement mediates the relationship between volunteering drivers and volunteer continuation will. To verify our hypotheses, we examined data collected from 372 active volunteers from Palestinian nonprofit organizations. The authors conducted structural equations modeling (SEM) analyses using the AMOS 24 platform to investigate direct and indirect effects. Findings The results of the study show that work engagement is a significant predictor of volunteer continuation will; mediates the relationship between career driver of volunteering and volunteer continuation will; and mediates the relationship between the protective driver of volunteering and volunteer continuation will. Research limitations/implications The research design limits establishing cause and effect relationships among the examined variables. Practical implications The results of the current study may be of use for nonprofit organizations managers formulating effective recruitment and training policies to retain their volunteers. Originality/value The paper contributes to the limited empirical body of the volunteering research. The study is novel as it is one of the few studies conducted using data coming from a non-western context.

Personality and boredom at work: the mediating role of job crafting

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-330
Author(s):  
Bogdan Oprea ◽  
Dragos Iliescu ◽  
Vlad Burtăverde ◽  
Miruna Dumitrache
Keyword(s):  
Job Crafting ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Boredom at work is associated with negative consequences, therefore it is important to investigate whether employees engage in job crafting behaviors that reduce boredom and what are the individual differences associated with these behaviors. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire study was designed to examine the mediating role of job crafting in the relationship between conscientiousness and emotional stability and boredom among 252 employees (Study 1) and in the relationship between Machiavellianism and psychopathy and boredom among 216 employees (Study 2). Findings The results showed that conscientiousness is negatively related to work-related boredom. This relationship is mediated by job crafting. Neuroticism and psychopathy are positively associated with boredom at work, but these relationships are not mediated by job crafting behaviors. Research limitations/implications The study was based on self-reported measures, which might raise questions of common-method bias, and the research samples contained mostly women and young employees, which raises questions about generalizability of our findings. At the same time, the cross-sectional design does not allow causal inferences. Practical implications Organizations can select employees based on their personality for jobs that predispose to boredom and give them enough autonomy to be able to craft them. Moreover, they can identify employees who need support to manage their boredom and include them in job crafting interventions. Originality/value Traditionally, boredom at work has been considered as resulting from characteristics of tasks and jobs. The findings indicate that some employees can make self-initiated changes to their work in order to reduce their boredom and possibly its negative consequences.

Leading the innovation: role of trust and job crafting as sequential mediators relating servant leadership and innovative work behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mumtaz Khan ◽  
Muhammad Shujaat Mubarik ◽  
Tahir Islam
Keyword(s):  
Servant Leadership ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Work Behavior ◽  
Job Crafting ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovative Work Behavior ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Innovative Work

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to ascertain the role of servant leadership in causing innovative work behavior. The study also examines the mediating role of job crafting and sequential mediating role of trust and job crafting between servant leadership and innovative work behavior.Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected from 258 knowledge workers employed in software houses in Pakistan through survey design. The data analysis was done through structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results of the analysis of 258 respondents show that servant leadership is related with trust, job crafting and innovative work behavior. The mediation analysis revealed that job crafting mediates the relation between servant leadership and innovative work behavior. Finally, the relation between servant leadership and innovative work behavior was found to be sequentially mediated by trust and job crafting.Originality/valueThe current study contributes to delineating the linking mechanism between servant leadership and innovative work behavior. The main contributions of the study are exploring the mediating role of job crafting along with the sequential mediating role of trust and job crafting.

A multilevel study on servant leadership, job boredom and job crafting

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotta K. Harju ◽  
Wilmar B. Schaufeli ◽  
Jari J. Hakanen
Keyword(s):  
Servant Leadership ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Job Crafting ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Perceptions Of Leadership ◽  
Level Effect

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine cross-level effects of team-level servant leadership on job boredom and the mediating role of job crafting. Cross-level moderating effects of team-level servant leadership were also investigated. Design/methodology/approach This longitudinal study employed a multilevel design in a sample of 237 employees, clustered into 47 teams. Servant leadership was aggregated to the team-level to examine the effects of shared perceptions of leadership at T1 on individual-level outcome, namely job boredom, at T2. In addition, mediation analysis was used to test whether team-level servant leadership at T1 can protect followers from job boredom at T2 by fostering job crafting at T2. Cross-level moderating effects of team-level servant leadership at T1 on the relation between job crafting at T2 and job boredom at T2 were also modeled. Findings Job crafting at T2 mediated the cross-level effect of team-level servant leadership at T1 on job boredom at T2. Research limitations/implications The findings suggest that team-level servant leadership predicts less job boredom by boosting job crafting. Originality/value This study is the first to assess the effects of servant leadership on job boredom and the mediating role of job crafting. This paper examines job boredom in a multilevel design, thus extending knowledge on its contextual components.

Ambidextrous leadership, entrepreneurial orientation and job crafting

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuan Trong Luu ◽  
Khai Dinh ◽  
David Qian
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Job Crafting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Context ◽  
Software Companies ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Opening And Closing ◽  
Ambidextrous Leadership

Purpose The interaction between opening and closing behaviors of ambidextrous leadership produces “change” energy among employees. The purpose of this paper is to assess the role of ambidextrous leadership in fostering job crafting via entrepreneurial orientation. The paper also seeks an insight into how organizational social exchange moderates the effect of ambidextrous leadership on entrepreneurial orientation. Design/methodology/approach Research data were garnered from 427 supervisor–subordinate dyads from software companies in the Vietnamese business context. Findings Research findings corroborated the positive relationship between ambidextrous leadership and entrepreneurial orientation, which is positively associated with job crafting. Research results also provided evidence for the mediation role of entrepreneurial orientation for the positive link between ambidextrous leadership and job crafting, as well as for the moderation role of organizational social exchange for the effect of ambidextrous leadership on entrepreneurial orientation. Originality/value Research findings have extended ambidexterity theory of leadership by identifying job crafting as an outcome of ambidextrous leadership and entrepreneurial orientation as a mediator for this relationship.

A model for examining the role of the Internet of Things in the development of e-business

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babak Esmaeilpour Ghouchani ◽  
Susan Jodaki ◽  
Maryam Joudaki ◽  
Alireza Balali ◽  
Lila Rajabion
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
It Knowledge ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Security Of Iot

Purpose Nowadays, the Internet of Things (IoT) offers new intelligent services and business model opportunities by extending the internet connectivity into physical devices and daily objects. Recently, this technology has had a deep impact on all the aspects of human societies from industry to management and business. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to predict the impact of using IoT services on the development of electronic business (e-business). Design/methodology/approach For evaluating the model’s elements, a questionnaire was designed. It was revised by experts with significant experiences. For statistical analysis, SmartPLS 3.2 is used. Findings The findings have confirmed the validity of the proposed model. The results also have indicated that the quality of IoT services (scalability, availability, reliability and ease of use), security of IoT services (trust, reputation, privacy and encryption) and IT knowledge of users (usage skills, awareness, experience and accuracy) have a positive and significant impact on development of e-business. Furthermore, the obtained results have revealed that the operating cost of IoT services (transmission time, storage capacity, functionality and stability) is significantly influenced by the development of e-business. Research limitations/implications By capturing a number of important factors in the proposed model, this study can provide a significant theoretical influence for researchers in the related area of interest. In fact, this study provides a worthwhile direction by assessing e-business performance, which, so far, has not been well assessed in many developing countries. Practical implications From a practical perspective, the statistical results support the crucial role of the following factors: quality of IoT services, the security of IoT services, operating cost of IoT services and IT knowledge of users. Hence, aspects relating to these factors must be the focus of attention of any organization in their endeavor to development of e-business. Originality/value This study meaningfully contributes to the knowledge and literature by focusing more on development e-business and IoT as original technology for further understanding, investigating other important features and applying advanced statistical analyses technique. By doing so, this study was able to develop the current understanding regarding the main aspects of development e-business and IoT services.

scholarly journals The search-ification of everyday life and the mundane-ification of search

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olof Sundin ◽  
Jutta Haider ◽  
Cecilia Andersson ◽  
Hanna Carlsson ◽  
Sara Kjellberg
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Online Searching ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand how meaning is assigned to online searching by viewing it as a mundane, yet often invisible, activity of everyday life and an integrated part of various social practices. Design/methodology/approach Searching is investigated with a sociomaterial approach with a starting point in information searching as entangled across practices and material arrangements and as a mundane part of everyday life. In total, 21 focus groups with 127 participants have been carried out. The study focusses particularly on peoples’ experiences and meaning-making and on how these experiences and the making of meaning could be understood in the light of algorithmic shaping. Findings An often-invisible activity such as searching is made visible with the help of focus group discussions. An understanding of the relationship between searching and everyday life through two interrelated narratives is proposed: a search-ification of everyday life and a mundane-ification of search. Originality/value The study broadens the often narrow focus on searching in order to open up for a research-based discussion in information science on the role of online searching in society and everyday life.

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