When the Chinese guy becomes the female IT specialist Liu – a conceptualization of reputational shifts in international assignments

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa Bernhard ◽  
Dirk Holtbrügge
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
International Assignments ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sensemaking Theory ◽  
Host Country Nationals ◽  
Dynamic Dimension ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
Informational Cues ◽  
Individual Reputation

PurposeInternational assignments rely on interactions between host country nationals (HCNs) and an international assignee (IA). These interactions are significantly determined by the reputation that the IA holds among HCNs. However, reputation has only scarcely been addressed in extant mobility research, and there is a lack of understanding about how the reputation of an IA shifts among HCNs during the course of an assignment. The purpose of this paper is to understand the development of an individual's reputation as well as the interactions between an IA and HCNs in the context of international assignments.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper that builds upon the central idea in extant research of individual reputation as a social construction and draws on sensemaking theory to develop its conceptual model.FindingsAs extant research argues for both a temporal and dynamic dimension of reputation, the authors introduce time and reputational richness as central model elements. Furthermore, the conceptual model proposes reputational events as the principal triggers for reputational shifts. Reputational events reveal quantitatively and qualitatively new informational cues about the IA to HCNs, who then use these cues to incrementally construct the IA's reputation in sensemaking processes. In addition, contextual factors of reputational shifts, namely accelerators and amplifiers, are discussed. The authors argue that these contextual factors may affect both the timing and the strength of reputational shifts.Originality/valueThe study introduces a novel conceptual model and contributes to the understanding of individual reputation development as well as the interactions between an IA and HCNs in international assignments.

Organizing inter-firm project governance – a contextual model for empirical investigation

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon von Danwitz
Keyword(s):  
Organization Theory ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Project Performance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Project Governance ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose The management of major inter-firm projects requires a coherent, holistic governance framework to be effective. However, most existing models of project governance are limited to a narrow selection of contractual, structural or procedural aspects, and further neglect contextual factors, such as key characteristics of a project and its partners. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This conceptual paper proposes an integrative analytical model of inter-firm project governance, building upon contingency theory and drawing from established constructs rooted in organization theory. Findings The paper aims to integrate two largely distinct streams of research and synthesize the respective constitutive dimensions of project governance into a coherent conceptual model. Further, interrelationships with contextual factors, such as project-related and partner-related characteristics, and project performance are discussed. Originality/value The proposed model purposefully merges two complementary streams of project governance research. As the model further provides clear contextual factors, it strengthens an emerging stream of project research by systematically examining external influences of project organizing. Future research may utilize this model and the suggested operationalization for each of the constructs as a basis to empirically investigate the design and effectiveness of governance regimes of major projects.

A perspective-taking model for global assignments

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joon Hyung Park ◽  
Je’Anna Lea Abbott ◽  
Steve Werner
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
View Point ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Host Country Nationals ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a model that explains how proactive cognitive processes, such as perspective-taking, relates to expatriates’ effectiveness. Design/methodology/approach – This conceptual paper presents the model that is based on the perspective-taking models developed by Parker et al. (2008) and applies them to the expatriate context. Findings – The authors present a framework that delineates how the perspective-taking process leads to an expatriate’s effectiveness. The authors provide propositions about which factors motivate expatriates to engage in perspective-taking and which factors influence higher accuracy of understanding of the host country nationals’ (HCN) perspective. Practical implications – Guidance is provided for the training of expatriate to develop perspective-taking. Originality/value – The paper expands the expatriate research by incorporating the perspective-taking model to identify which factors may motivate expatriates to see the HCN view point. Also, the paper contributes to the literature by identifying how resources such as expatriates’ psychological capital may promote the degree of accuracy or comprehension with respect to the HCN thoughts and feelings.

scholarly journals How does servitisation affect supply chain circularity? – A systematic literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Kühl ◽  
Michael Bourlakis ◽  
Emel Aktas ◽  
Heather Skipworth
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Resource Efficiency ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to test the link between servitisation and circular economy by synthesising the effect of product-service systems (PSS) on supply chain circularity (SCC). Design/methodology/approach Following a systematic literature review methodology, the study identified 67 studies and synthesised them using content analysis. Findings A conceptual model is developed illustrating how PSS business models impact SCC through increased product longevity, closure of resource loops and resource efficiency. It also identifies six contextual factors affecting the implementation of SCC including: economic attractiveness of SCC; firm sustainability strategy; policy and societal environment; product category; supply chain relationships; and technology. Research limitations/implications The conceptual model proposes that SCC increases with servitisation. It also proposes that the main circularity effect stems from increased product longevity, followed by closed resource loops and finally resource efficiency. The model is deduced from the literature by using secondary data. Practical implications The review provides practitioners with a framework to increase SCC through PSS business models. It also gives insight into the various contextual factors that may affect how a manufacturer’s servitisation strategy contributes to SCC. Originality/value This review contributes to the understanding of the relationship between servitisation and SCC by synthesising the different effects that exist. Moreover, it creates new knowledge by identifying a range of contextual factors affecting the relationship between PSS and SCC.

Drivers and inhibitors of the compromise effect – a conceptual overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-384
Author(s):  
Victor Andrej Schliwa ◽  
Raluca Ciornea
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Compromise Effect ◽  
Extensive Review ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
Conceptual Overview ◽  
Relevant Interaction

Purpose This paper aims to review numerous known drivers and antecedents of compromise behavior, proposing a basic categorization of the various contributions. This is done with the goal to integrate drivers and antecedents, previously largely discussed in isolation of one another, into a single conceptual model. This sheds light on the issue of previously overstated or understated relevance of individual drivers. The picture is completed by the proposition of new potential drivers of the compromise effect like lay rationalism and approval motivation. Design/methodology/approach The paper takes a conceptual approach in reflecting on prior findings from the field of compromise effect research and adjacent fields to develop a number of propositions aggregated in a conceptual model. Findings A number of previously overlooked, but potentially highly relevant interaction effects among known drivers of the compromise effect are proposed along with the proposition of several new drivers. Originality/value This conceptual paper offers a novel, broadly applicable categorization of compromise effect research. Further, it seems to be the first paper dedicated to an extensive review of established drivers of the compromise effect to examine the interdependence and possible interaction effects and of those drivers. Additionally, completely new potentially relevant drivers are discussed in detail and integrated into a conceptual model.

Experiential learning theory and hybrid entrepreneurship: factors influencing the transition to full-time entrepreneurship

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1845-1863
Author(s):  
Caitlin Candice Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Experiential Learning ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Learning Theory ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Experiential Learning Theory ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Conceptual Paper

PurposeThrough the lens of experiential learning theory, this conceptual paper examines the factors influencing the likelihood of transitioning from hybrid to full-time entrepreneurship. It is critical to evaluate the experiential learning that takes place during the hybrid phase, in order to establish a more nuanced understanding of the dynamic entrepreneurial journey.Design/methodology/approachThis conceptual paper made use of a secondary data analysis of the existing academic literature, in particular using a thematic analysis, in order to propose a conceptual model and associated propositions.FindingsThe proposed conceptual model identifies four factors: fear of failure, perceived risk, entrepreneurial competency development and self-efficacy that are predicted to influence the transition decision. This paper establishes hybrid entrepreneurship as an effective learning ground and path toward full-time entrepreneurship.Practical implicationsProviding insights into the factors that influence the transition, allows policy makers to establish systems and incubators to support hybrid entrepreneurs reach the tipping point at which they have sufficient knowledge to enter full-time entrepreneurship. This paper establishes the importance of developmental policies aimed at encouraging hybrid entrepreneurship. There are also implications for managers of hybrid entrepreneurs to establish policies that encourage a culture of transparency and reap the benefits of enhanced employee development.Originality/valueThe paper has three predominant sources of value. First, offering a multidisciplinary approach by extending an existing theory to a new context; second, through the establishment of a conceptual model, offering propositions readily linked to hypotheses for future empirical assessment and third, enhancing the visibility of hybrid entrepreneurship in the literature to encourage public policy intervention and support.

scholarly journals Circular economy: a conceptual model to measure readiness for manufacturing SMEs

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Thorley ◽  
Jose Arturo Garza-Reyes ◽  
Anthony Anosike
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Change Readiness ◽  
Readiness For Change ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Change Models ◽  
Readiness To Adopt ◽  
The Individual

PurposeOver the last decade, circular economy (CE) has gathered interest from both industrialists and academics alike. Whilst CE research is widespread in such areas as supply chain and larger organisations, there is limited research into how small to medium enterprises (SMEs) can prepare for adopting CE. There is no comprehensive readiness model for SMEs adopting CE. The purpose of this paper is to explore the literature on change readiness and generate knowledge to fill this gap by developing a conceptual model to measure change readiness for SMEs' adopting CE.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on a comprehensive literature review of change readiness models and frameworks. The paper reviews publications from Science Direct, Web of Science, Emerald, Scopus and Google Scholar. The readiness for change models and frameworks from the selected publications are evaluated and synthesised to develop a comprehensive conceptual model for change readiness for SMEs adopting a circular economy.FindingsA readiness conceptual model is developed by incorporating several factors as precursors to readiness, i.e. individual/collective difference, structural, contextual factors and related barriers. Eleven factors make up the individual/collective difference. Three factors make up the structural and contextual factors.Practical implicationsThis paper develops a conceptual model that can aid academics and practitioners in better understanding SMEs readiness to adopt CE.Originality/valueThis paper makes a unique contribution by proposing a comprehensive conceptual model of readiness for SMEs adopting CE.

International adjustment of female vs male business expatriates. A replication study in Switzerland

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Salamin ◽  
Eric Davoine
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Cultural Adjustment ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
International Assignments ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Expatriate Adjustment ◽  
Host Country Nationals ◽  
French Speaking

Purpose – Reasons for women’s underrepresentation in international assignments include stereotypical assumptions within organizations about their ability to adjust abroad and more broadly a lack of trust from the corporate headquarters. Female expatriates’ adjustment may strongly vary depending on the host country and on host-country nationals’ attitudes toward them. Yet up until today, very few studies have examined female expatriate adjustment in a single and non-Asian host country. The purpose of this paper is to address this gap by comparing the cross-cultural adjustment of male and female expatriates in Switzerland. Design/methodology/approach – This study replicates Selmer and Leung’s (2003a) study design in order to compare adjustment of male and female expatriates working in multinational companies in the French-speaking part of Switzerland. Based on 152 valid questionnaires collected, the authors performed a multivariate analysis of covariance and further analyses of covariance to compare male and female expatriate adjustment. Findings – The authors find that female expatriates have significantly higher interaction and work adjustment levels than their male counterparts, while no significant differences between men and women were observed in terms of general adjustment. These findings in a European context are consistent with those of Selmer and Leung in an Asian context. Originality/value – Very few studies to date have examined the adjustment of female expatriates in a western host-country context, despite the fact that host-country cultural norms might strongly influence women’s experiences. The research brings new empirical evidence about cross-cultural adjustment of female and male expatriates in a western location. Contrary to persistent stereotypical assumptions, results emphasize again that women are able to adjust better or at least as well as their male counterparts.

scholarly journals No expatriate is an island: the role of salient stakeholders' support in international assignments

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hak Liong Chan ◽  
Dahlia Zawawi ◽  
Siew Imm Ng ◽  
Debbra Toria Anak Nipo
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Work Adjustment ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
International Assignments ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Host Country Nationals ◽  
Perceived Organisational Support ◽  
And Task

PurposeInternational assignments are an effective tool to develop employees' cultural competencies, yet expatriate failure rates remain high. This paper aims to examine salient stakeholders' (i.e. organisations, host country nationals (HCNs) and spouses) support as antecedents of expatriates' work adjustment and task performance. It also explores work adjustment as a mediator between support and task performance.Design/methodology/approachAdopting the quantitative approach, survey data were collected from 112 expatriates who were married and based in organisations in Malaysia. Partial least squares-structural equation modelling was employed to analyse the data.FindingsThe findings validate the direct influences of perceived organisational support (POS) on work adjustment, HCN support on work adjustment, and spousal support on task performance. The indirect effect of HCN support on task performance through work adjustment was also established. When expatriates' work adjustment improves as a result of receiving HCN support, their task performance is enhanced.Practical implicationsThis study evidences that expatriate-hiring firms should provide suitable support for expatriates when they work overseas. Local employees and spouses should likewise be tasked to help expatriates maximise their full potential in achieving successful performance in their assignments.Originality/valueThe contribution of this study is the exploration of the relationships between support, work adjustment and task performance among expatriates. It also adds to the limited knowledge on the role of specific stakeholders in the expatriate context.

Sustainability-as-flourishing: teaching for a sustainable future

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1035-1052
Author(s):  
Peter McGhee ◽  
Patricia Grant
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Business Students ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Educators ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Organizational Perspective ◽  
Beliefs And Values ◽  
Unique Approach ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
Pedagogical Philosophies

Purpose In a recent article, Schaefer et al. (2015) argue that cultivating appropriate beliefs and values, cultivating systems thinking and encouraging responsibility are the stages to be followed to achieve sustainability-as-flourishing from an organizational perspective. This analysis forms the basis for the development and discussion of a conceptual model to educate undergraduate business students at a New Zealand University into responsible leaders who strive to enact sustainability-as-flourishing in organizations. Design/methodology/approach This paper critiques current approaches to sustainability which often reflect a narrow understanding of human needs and do not demand necessary transformation in the way we interact with the world around us. It then provides an overview of sustainability-as-flourishing, and its various stages, with relevant examples from business. This is followed by a discussion of the conceptual model, the pedagogical philosophies underpinning it and the teaching methods required for shifting business students’ mindsets towards this end. Findings This is a conceptual paper that offers a new teaching model for sustainability-as-flourishing. The paper concludes with suggestions for sustainability educators in business. Originality/value To date, sustainability-as-flourishing is underdeveloped in the business literature. This conceptual paper unpacks this notion further. Additionally, it provides a model for business educators to teach sustainability-as-flourishing. While some of these ideas and features have been described in the literature previously, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time they have been brought as a coherent whole under this broader and unique approach of sustainability-as-flourishing.

A roadmap for developing, implementing and evaluating performance management systems in Jordan public universities

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Ali Almohtaseb ◽  
Mohmmad Adnan Yousef Almahameed ◽  
Hisham A. Kareem Shaheen ◽  
Mohammad Haroon Jarrar Al Khattab
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Performance Management ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Performance Management Systems ◽  
Evaluation Of Performance ◽  
Conceptual Paper

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to formulate a model for developing, implementing and evaluating performance management systems in Jordan public universities that will ensure the successful achievement of their set goals in the competitive dynamic environment. Design/methodology/approach This is a conceptual paper that focuses on the model for developing, implementing and evaluating performance management systems by public universities in developing countries. Findings As the focus is on a conceptual model for performance management systems in public universities in developing country, it is yet to be empirically tested. Research limitations/implications The conceptual model is limited to developing, implementing and evaluating performance management systems by public universities in developing countries. Practical implications The implementation and evaluation of performance management systems by public universities in Jordan and developing countries will ensure successful achievement of their set goals in the competitive dynamic environment. Originality/value The originality of the paper lies in its methodology. In this paper, an innovative conceptual model is proposed for developing, implementing and evaluating performance management systems by public universities in developing countries.

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