scholarly journals Perceptions towards a healthy diet among a sample of university people in Portugal

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Ferrão ◽  
Raquel P.F. Guiné ◽  
Paula Correia ◽  
Manuela Ferreira ◽  
Ana Paula Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
University Degree ◽  
Probabilistic Sample

PurposeA healthy diet has been recognized as one of the most important factors associated with maintaining human health and helping in preventing the development of some chronic diseases. Therefore, this paper aims to study the perceptions of a sample of university people regarding a healthy diet.Design/methodology/approachIt was undertaken a descriptive cross-sectional study on a non-probabilistic sample of 382 participants. The data were collected among a sample of Portuguese university people and measured whether people’s perceptions were compliant with a healthy diet.FindingsThe results revealed that the participants’ perceptions were, in general, compliant with a healthy diet (scores between 0.5 and 1.5, on a scale from −2 to +2). However, significant differences were found between age groups (p= 0.004), with a higher average score for young adults, and also between groups with different levels of education (p= 0.025), with a higher score for university degree. The variable chronic diseases also showed significant differences (p= 0.017), so that people who did not have any chronic diseases obtained a higher score.Originality/valueThis study is considered important because it provides evidences about the relation between nutrition knowledge and the perceptions towards a healthy diet. The study allowed concluding that the participants were aware about some nutritional aspects of their diets and, therefore, their perceptions were compliant with a healthy diet. This finding is very relevant because it could be a support for health policy initiatives directed at promoting healthy eating behaviours.

scholarly journals The intention to prevent sexual risk behaviors among the youth in Yangon, Myanmar

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Jirapongsuwan ◽  
Sithu Swe ◽  
Arpaporn Powwattana
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Youth Development ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Level

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the intention to prevent sexual risk behaviors and associated factors among the youth in Yangon, Myanmar.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional descriptive research was undertaken among 192 youths. Participants included the youth residing in the study area and participated in the youth development program. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were applied to identify an association.FindingsThe findings indicated that the proportion of a high level of intention to prevent sexual risk behaviors was 53.6%. The factors associated with the intention to prevent sexual risk behaviors were: belief strength on sexual risk behaviors (aOR = 2.84; 95% CI: 1.06–7.26), normative belief on the prevention of sexual risk behaviors (aOR = 2.03; 95% CI: 3.03–6.23), motivation to comply with preventing sexual risk behaviors (aOR = 4.72; 95% CI: 3.11–6.23), decision-making (aOR = 2.46; 95% CI: 2.22–5.41) and negotiation (aOR = 6.3; 95% CI: 2.37–10.23)Research limitations/implicationsThe study was a cross-sectional study and cannot establish causal relationships. These results can be a guideline for implementation for the youth but may limit the generalization of results to other age groups in Myanmar.Practical implicationsFindings can be used as a local and national public health guideline for developing interventions to prevent sexual risk behaviors.Originality/valueSexual risk behavior is considered taboo and puts Myanmar youths at risk of health and social problems. It is important for prevention efforts to determine factors related to sexual intentions to prevent the consequence of these problems.

Diabetes patients’ perspectives on the patients’ rights: evidence from east of Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gholam Reza Sharifzadeh ◽  
DJavad Ghoddoosi-Nejad ◽  
Susan Behdani ◽  
Elaheh Haghgoshayie ◽  
Yibeltal Siraneh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Patient Rights ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Patients Rights ◽  
Health Need ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Purpose The Iranian patients’ rights charter defines patient rights as a reflection of fundamental human rights in the field of medicine and incorporates all elements of patient rights accepted in international texts. The purpose of this paper is to study the way in which diabetes patients’ rights are being exercised in everyday hospital practice in Birjand, Iran. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional study design was used in 2014. The sample size was estimated 150 patients, out of which 108 diabetes patients completed questionnaire. The questionnaire of diabetes patients’ perspectives on the patients’ rights was used to collect data. The questionnaire consists of 22 questions. Data entry and analysis were carried out using SPSS software (version 22). Descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated with all survey items and total scores, as well as demographic data. Findings The response rate was 72 percent. Overall, the mean score percentage of diabetes patients’ perspectives on the patients’ rights was 74.04± 8.4. Furthermore, statistical significant differences were found among diabetes patients in relation to patients’ perspectives on the patients’ rights according to highest level of education (F=16.52, p=0.002), their habitat(t=3.49, p=0.001), age groups (F=18.70, p=0.0001) and the duration of the disease (F=5.16, p=0.007). The results showed that no statistically significant differences were observed among diabetes patients in relation to diabetes patients’ perspectives on the patients’ rights according to their gender (F=1.57, p=0.12) and marital status (F=1.56, p=0.09). Originality/value Clinicians can provide care based on patients’ rights, and their knowledge of patients’ rights needs to be evaluated. Educational courses, leaflets, booklets and posters can be helpful in this regard. In addition, professional organizations and the Ministry of Health need to be more sensitive to this issue.

Whole grain foods: is sensory liking related to knowledge, attitude, or intake?

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin M. Magalis ◽  
Maria Giovanni ◽  
Kathryn Silliman
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Wheat Bread ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Whole Wheat Bread ◽  
Grain Foods ◽  
Sensory Liking

Purpose The health benefits of whole grains are well established, yet intake remains below recommendations. Knowledge and familiarity with whole grains may increase short-term intake, but sensory properties can limit consumption. These factors usually are researched separately, thus, this study aims to explore the relationships among sensory liking, knowledge, attitudes and intake. Design/methodology/approach This cross-sectional study had 69 college students participate in four tasks: sensory liking of whole vs refined grain bread, rice, pasta and tortillas; bitter taster status; knowledge and attitudes; and intake of whole grains. Findings Whole wheat bread and tortillas were liked, as well as their refined grain counterparts. However, white rice and pasta were liked significantly more than the whole grain products (p < 0.05), which are less familiar to most people. Higher consumers of whole grain foods preferred those samples to the refined product for some sensory attributes (p < 0.05). Bitter taster status was not related to sensory preferences. Understanding and recognition of whole grains was low, but attitudes were generally positive. Whole grain intake was overestimated by the food frequency questionnaire because of problems with the instrument and also subjects’ lack of understanding about these foods. Research limitations/implications The link between preference and consumption warrants further study. The survey used to measure whole grain intake was a limitation and demonstrates the need for an accurate and efficient tool. Although knowledge about whole grains is limited, the positive attitudes expressed by participants can strategically inform outreach. If people believe that they consume more whole grains than they actually do, they may have a false sense of security. Further research with different age groups and a wider variety of foods is needed. Practical implications Participants overestimated their consumption of whole grain foods, indicating that consumers may think that they are meeting recommended amounts but they are actually deficient in whole grain intake; thus, improved education and promotional efforts are needed. Originality/value Few studies examine the inter-relationships among sensory preference, bitter taster status, knowledge, attitude and intake of whole grains.

scholarly journals Perceptions towards healthy diet of the Portuguese according to area of work or studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Ferrão ◽  
Paula Correia ◽  
Manuela Ferreira ◽  
Raquel P. F. Guiné
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Civil State ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Anonymous Questionnaire ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Probabilistic Sample

Abstract Introduction A healthy diet is crucial for the maintenance of health. Therefore, the aim of this work is to evaluate the perceptions towards a healthy diet among the participants with work or studies in areas related to diet and nutrition and those who did not. Methods Anonymous questionnaire data was collected in a cross-sectional study on a non-probabilistic sample of 902 participants living in Portugal. Results The results showed that the participants’ perceptions were, in general, compliant with a healthy diet. However, significant differences were found between gender (p=0.004), between the different civil state groups (p=0.016), between the participants who were responsible for buying their own food and those who were not and also regarding the living environment. The variable area of work or studies also showed significant differences (p=0.001), so that people who had work or studies related to agriculture obtained a higher score. Regarding this variable, the mean values of nutrition and agriculture areas were not statistically different between them, but were statistically different from the mean values of psychology and health areas. The participants who had work or studies in areas showing diet and nutrition-related issues achieved a higher mean score (0.72±0.35) when compared to the participants who did not (0.58±0.30). Conclusion However, despite the results, it is important to continue developing campaigns that better communicate nutritional aspects, so that people can increase their knowledge on this subject.

scholarly journals Health-Related Quality of Life and Health Service Use among Multimorbid Middle-Aged and Older-Aged Adults in China: A Cross-Sectional Study in Shandong Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9261
Author(s):  
Qinfeng Zhao ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Stephen Nicholas ◽  
Elizabeth Maitland ◽  
Jingjie Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Service ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Service Utilization ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Shandong Province ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Young Old

(1) Background: The management of multiple chronic diseases challenges China’s health system, but current research has neglected how multimorbidity is associated with poor health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and high health service demands by middle-aged and older adults. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Shandong province, China in 2018 across three age groups: Middle-aged (45 to 59 years), young-old (60 to 74 years), and old-old (75 or above years). The information about socio-economic, health-related behaviors, HRQOL, and health service utilization was collected via face-to-face structured questionnaires. The EQ-5D-3L instrument, comprising a health description system and a visual analog scale (VAS), was used to measure participants’ HRQOL, and χ2 tests and the one-way ANOVA test were used to analyze differences in socio-demographic factors and HRQOL among the different age groups. Logistic regression models estimated the associations between lifestyle factors, health service utilization, and multimorbidity across age groups. (3) Results: There were 17,867 adults aged 45 or above in our sample, with 9259 (51.82%) female and 65.60% living in rural areas. Compared with the middle-aged adults, the young-old and old-old were more likely to be single and to have a lower level of education and income, with the old-old having lower levels than the young-old (P < 0.001). We found that 2465 (13.80%) suffered multimorbidities of whom 75.21% were older persons (aged 60 or above). As age increased, both the mean values of EQ-5D utility and the VAS scale decreased, displaying an inverse trend to the increase in the number of chronic diseases (P < 0.05). Ex-smokers and physical check-ups for middle or young-old respondents and overweight/obesity for all participants (P < 0.05) were positively correlated with multimorbidity. Drinking within the past month for all participants (P < 0.001), and daily tooth-brushing for middle (P < 0.05) and young-old participants (P < 0.001), were negatively associated with multimorbidity. Multimorbidities increased service utilization including outpatient and inpatient visits and taking self-medicine; and the probability of health utilization was the lowest for the old-old multimorbid patients (P < 0.001). (4) Conclusions: The prevalence and decline in HRQOL of multimorbid middle-aged and older-aged people were severe in Shandong province. Old patients also faced limited access to health services. We recommend early prevention and intervention to address the prevalence of middle-aged and old-aged multimorbidity. Further, the government should set-up special treatment channels for multiple chronic disease sufferers, improve medical insurance policies for the older-aged groups, and set-up multiple chronic disease insurance to effectively alleviate the costs of medical utilization caused by economic pressure for outpatients and inpatients with chronic diseases.

scholarly journals The dark side of the quarantine: night eating, sleep quality and the health locus of control in women

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sine Yılmaz ◽  
Nevin Sanlier ◽  
Pınar Göbel ◽  
Büşra Açıkalın ◽  
Sule Kocabas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Health Locus Of Control ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Night Eating

Purpose Staying at home for a prolonged period, the stress during COVID-19 quarantine may affect sleep quality, night eating behaviours of individuals. This paper aims to identify the relationship between night eating behaviour, sleep quality, perceptions of health locus of control in women during the pandemic. Design/methodology/approach An anonymous, Web based, cross-sectional study was conducted for the duration of a month (April-May, 2020). The study evaluated the nutritional habits of the participants. Anthropometric measurements were noted. Night Eating Syndrome Questionnaire (NESQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Multi-dimensional Health Locus of Control-A were used for data collection. Findings With a mean age of 33 ± 8 years, 529 women participated in the study. The mean NESQ score was 14.4 ± 4.7, PSQI score was 6.4 ± 2.9. Higher night eating scores were observed in participants with chance locus of control (CLC) perception when compared to participants with internal health locus of control (IHLC) perception (p < 0.05). Lower sleep quality was observed in obese participants compared to normal/overweight participants (p < 0.05). It was also found that night eating behaviours significantly predicted sleep quality (R = 0.36, R2 = 0.13; p < 0.01), explaining about 13.3% of total variance of sleep quality. Research limitations/implications Only internet users and women participated in the study, and the questionnaire form was applied online; the information was obtained in the form of the participants' own statements. Practical implications It was found that night eating behaviour significantly predicted sleep quality during the pandemic. It was also determined that the individuals with high chance locus of control perception had higher NES scores than the individuals with high internal locus of control perception. Originality/value The night eating behaviours significantly predict sleep quality, individuals with a high perception of CLC had a higher night eating score than individuals with high perception of IHLC during the pandemic.

scholarly journals Why Don't Patients Referred by a Family PhysicianVisit a Specialist? A Study in Golestan Province in Northern Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Javad Kabir ◽  
Hamid Pourasghari ◽  
Alireza Heidari ◽  
Zahra Khatirnamani ◽  
Sakine Beygom Kazemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Wait Times ◽  
Outpatient Services ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background Utilizing electronic referral (eReferral) system while enhancing the efficiency and quality of medical services may improve the access level to specialized services and reduce patients' wait times; however, some patients do not follow the the eReferral system guidelines. The present study aims at figuring out why outpatients referred by family physicians to specialists do not visit specialists. Methods The present cross-sectional study was conducted in the hospitals wherein eReferral system was implemented as a pilot plan in the calendar year started on 21 March 2019. The sampling was done in two phases: 1) proportionate stratified sampling method, and 2) systematic random sampling. The first, 429 patients were selected. These patients were referred by a rural family physician (FP) to a specialist in the district hospital, but despite appointment made for them by the relevant FP, they had not visited specialists. Then, data was collected using a self-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed (α = 0.90). Descriptive statistical methods were used to describe the data and analytical methods, i.e. Spearman, Mann-Whitney and Croscal Wallis correlation tests were also conducted. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 16 at a significant level of 0.05. Findings : Most of the participants (54.7%) were female, 43.4% were in the age group of 30–60, 81.6% were married, 26.4% had high school diploma, 47.2% were housewives, 81.6% were rural residents. Among the dimensions of the reasons why patients did not visit specialists, the clinic conditions (3.26 ± 0.74), side expenditures (2.51 ± 0.74), admission and queuing system (2.45 ± 0.70) accounted for the highest average score, respectively. There was significant relationship between age groups, marital status, level of education, occupation, place of residence and type of insurance (p < 0.05), but no significant relationship was observed between them and gender (p > 0.05). Conclusion Reducing patient wait times in the clinic, providing patients with appropriate guidance, enhancing patients’ freedom to determine the time to visit specialists, training physicians to communicate with patients properly, reassuring and reducing costs were of great importance to encourage receiving outpatient services within the framework of eReferral system.

scholarly journals Assessment of Multiple Sclerosis Awareness and Knowledge among the Community of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyas K. Farran ◽  
Dania S. Waggas ◽  
Tala A. Alkhunani ◽  
Safwan A. Almuwallad ◽  
Rola A. Aljohani
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Average Score ◽  
P Value ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Western Region

Abstract Objective Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system that can lead to lifelong disabilities. There is a significant increase in the global incidence of the disease. In Saudi Arabia (SA), the western region has the greatest number of MS cases. However, there is a lack of studies and research to assess public knowledge in the region. Thus, we aim to assess the public's knowledge of MS in Jeddah, SA. Methodology We conducted a cross-sectional study surveying 468 participants from the general population of Jeddah. A validated MS knowledge questionnaire (MSKQ-25) was used. Results Most participants were female 347 (74.1%) with a mean age of 35.73 ± 14.71 standard deviation (SD). MS was found in 14 (3%) of the participants. The average score of the (MSKQ) was 7.42 SD ± 4.568 versus the average score of people with MS with a mean of 13.92 SD ± 3.33 and a p value > 0.001. No significant variation was found in knowledge between gender and age groups, but there was a significant correlation between the educational level and the knowledge level. Conclusion The mean knowledge score was below average, which indicates poor knowledge of MS. Since the western region has the highest number of MS cases in SA, the level of understanding needs to increase. This can be improved by conducting educational programs using various types of media.

CONCENTRATION OF THE SERUM TGF-BETA1 IN HEALTHY ADULT PEOPLE

2014 ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
Van Tuan Nguyen ◽  
Tam Vo ◽  
Bui Bao Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta1 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender

Elevated serum Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) levels have been linked to tissue fibrosis including chronic kidney disease. Objectives: (1) Investigate serum TGF-beta1 levels in healthy adult people and (2) Examined the relation between serum TGF-beta1 level and gender, age, body mass index (BMI). Method: A cross-sectional study. TGF-beta1 were quantified by ELISA. Results: Levels of serum TGF-beta1 in healthy people were 13,45 ± 7,17 ng/mL mL (0,59 - 33,10 ng/mL). There are no difference of serum TGF-beta1 levels between men and women, between the age groups (<40 years, 40 to < 60 years and ≥ 60 years), between BMI groups < 23 and BMI group ≥ 23. Key words: TGF-beta1, healthy people

The Prevalence of Insecticide Treated Net/malaria :cross section study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanda Chalela
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Malaria Prevalence ◽  
Malaria Patient ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Itn Use ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

BACKGROUND ABSTRACT Introduction a study on prevalence of ITN use was carried out in Buchi community Kitwe Zambia from August to October 2019 OBJECTIVE Prevalence of ITN in BUchi METHODS Methodology: This was a cross sectional study design. A structured questionnaire was used to ascertain ownership and utilization and oral interviews, 200 households were targeted 844 individual covered across the 200 households. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 23. RESULTS ABSTRACT Introduction a study on prevalence of ITN use was carried out in Buchi community Kitwe Zambia from August to October 2019 Methodology: This was a cross sectional study design. A structured questionnaire was used to ascertain ownership and utilization and oral interviews, 200 households were targeted 844 individual covered across the 200 households. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 23. Findings: household ownership of at least an ITN was 52% and individual utilization at 37.6%, with 0.825 ITN/households and 0.195ITN /individual. Malaria prevalence of 52.4% /household and a 12.4% of the population. With 47.6% malaria patient coming from households with ITN and 60% of households with ITN have insufficient coverage.61% of malaria patient were female and 31 % male. however there was no significant relation between Gender and malaria prevalence in study area (p value was >0.05). Malaria cases distribution with age groups, 0-15yrs old represented 49.5%, 16-30 yrs., was at 27.6% and the over 30 yrs. case were at 22.9% .use of other preventive measures 23% used mosquito repellent ,others methods 1% with those not using any other methods 76%. CONCLUSIONS Conclusion The study showed clearly that malaria still poses a problem .the prevalence rate of malaria was still high 12.4% of the population and 52.4% of households. With high prevalence of malaria of 49.5% for 0-15yrs.the difference between ownership 52% and Utilization 37.6% showed that even household with ITN, the ITN were not sufficient.60% of households with ITN, the ITN were not sufficient for all occupants

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