scholarly journals FACTORS AFFECTING THE THICKNESS OF REPLACEMENT LAYER ON MEDIUM CLAY

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-245
Author(s):  
Manar Abd Elhamid ◽  
Tarek Abdelaziz ◽  
Hesham Bassioni
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Total Direct Cost ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Consolidation Settlement ◽  
Common Technique ◽  
Optimum Type ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship

Soil replacement is a common technique that can be used to increase the soil bearing capacity and reduce the expected settlement. The thickness of replacement layer depends on many factors such as: the applied stress, original soil properties, material of replacement layer and the cost of foundation works. However, until now the practical thickness of replacement is usually selected based on soil experts’ experience. This study proposed an optimization model to assist geotechnical engineers in predicting the optimum thickness and material type of replacement layer that satisfy the main design requirements, i.e. bearing capacity, consolidation settlement and cost considerations at the same time. The Evolutionary solving method that uses a variety of genetic algorithm and local search methods was used to solve the research problem. Furthermore, the effect of the thickness and properties of clay layer and the depth of ground water table on determining optimum type and thickness of replacement soil were investigated. The study evaluated the relationship between the replacement layer thickness and the total direct cost of foundation works and found that, the notion of increasing replacement thickness to decrease cost limitlessly was not viable and an optimal thickness was usually achieved.

OPTIMAL REPLENISHMENT POLICY FOR AN INTEGRATED SUPPLIER–BUYER DETERIORATING INVENTORY MODEL CONSIDERING MULTIPLE JIT DELIVERY AND OTHER COST FUNCTIONS

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (01) ◽  
pp. 125-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHUN-JEN CHUNG ◽  
HUI-MING WEE
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Transportation Cost ◽  
Inventory Model ◽  
Inventory Level ◽  
Rigorous Analysis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Inspection Cost ◽  
Replenishment Policy ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship

This study develops an integrated deteriorating inventory policy for a single-buyer–single-supplier model with multiple JIT deliveries considering the transportation cost, inspection cost and the cost of less flexibility. Distinct from the former concept of average inventory level, our paper proposes a significantly different approach to deal with the first production batch and uses a revised method to approximate the relationship between the supplier's production time and the storage time. We provide a rigorous analysis to derive the number of inspection and deliveries, the optimal cycle time of deliveries, and the delivery size for the replenishment policy of the integrated buyer–supplier inventory deteriorating model. It is shown that the unit inspection cost is one of the critical factors affecting the deteriorating inventory model. A numerical example is presented to illustrate the theory.

scholarly journals Analysis of the load bearing capacity of the connection with the use of self-drilling dowels in various models of elastic failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-99
Author(s):  
A. G. Chernykh ◽  
◽  
Quoc Phong Tran ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Wooden Structures ◽  
The Relationship

Currently, wooden structures characterized with high strength, low deformability and good aesthetics are being increasingly used in some areas of construction. Connections with multiple steel plates are very effective for wooden frames and trusses. In order to provide optimal connections, it is necessary to establish the relationship between the connection parameters and the load-bearing capacity of the structure. However, the technical regulations do not provide calculation methods specifically for this type of connection. There have been carried out a research and development of methods for calculating connections, an analysis of the self-drilling dowels` performance, and the factors affecting the load bearing capacity according to Eurocode 5 have been specified. The results obtained have been compared with other various research methods` results, there are offered authors` recommendations on the application of the standard in Russia.

scholarly journals OBSTACLES OF THE PROFESSIONAL PERFORMANCE TO WHO COMMUNICATOR ON SATELLITE CHANNELS (ASURVY STUDY OF THOSE WHO COMMUNICATE WITH WORKERS IN KIRKUK CITY(

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 430-444
Author(s):  
Daham Ali HUSSEIN
Keyword(s):  
Research Problem ◽  
Professional Performance ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Media Institutions ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Satellite Channels ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Professionals ◽  
Media Message ◽  
The Relationship

The research problem has been identified in an attempt to identify the opinion of the media and their assessment of the role they play, the factors affecting their professional performance in the media in which they work and the nature of the content they produce. The study also attempted to answer a range of questions Communicators play an important role in the process of preparing and producing the media message because of their role in the selection and drafting of news, The process of selecting and framing news by media professionals is influenced by many factors, including what is personal, what is organizational or related to the policy of the organization and other factors that are affected by the communication. Based on this importance to the role played by the communicators, the study sought to identify the media professionals regarding the roles they play in the media and the most important factors influencing their work. The researcher used the descriptive approach, which adopts the method of comprehensive survey of all journalists working in media institutions in the city of Kirkuk, and the choice of this city for a number of reasons, including: it is the most diverse city of the population in terms of nationality and ethnicity, in addition to the presence of many media institutions representing the different nationalities and parties in it. To process statistical data, simple iterations, percentages, the K2 square test was used to measure the relationship with variables, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient for stability. The study concluded a set of findings that will be presented in the research.

scholarly journals Effect of bond administration on construction project delivery

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1390-1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayodeji Emmanuel Oke
Keyword(s):  
Project Success ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Project Delivery ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Bond Issues ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pro Forma ◽  
Best Fit

Abstract Construction bond administration involves management of bond issues from inception of obtaining bond from guarantor to the point of release of contractor by the client. This process has posted a lot of challenges to construction stakeholders; it is therefore, necessary to examine the relationship between bond administration and project success. Archival data of completed bonded building projects were gathered through a pro forma developed for this purpose. Using Pearson product moment of correlation, it was revealed that the cost of securing a construction bond has a positive and significant effect on the initial and final costs of the project, while the number of days needed to secure a construction bond has no significant effect on the initial and final durations of the construction project. In order to establish the relationship between project delivery indices of cost and time and the construction bond administration variables, iteration of linear regression was adopted to arrive at the best-fit equation. Factors affecting the cost of securing construction bonds from guarantors should be identified and given adequate attention by construction stakeholders in order to minimize the effect of construction bond administration on project delivery.

The Awareness Level of the Safety and Health of the Operational Level

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Roshanira Che Mohd Noor ◽  
Nur Atiqah Rochin Demong
Keyword(s):  
Health And Safety ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Operational Level ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Health Factors ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Awareness Level

Providing a safe and healthy workplace is one of the most effective strategies in for holding down the cost of doing construction business. It was a part of the overall management system to facilitate themanagement of the occupational health and safety risk that are associated with the business of the organization. Factors affected the awareness level inclusive of safety and health conditions, dangerous working area, long wait care and services and lack of emergency communication werethe contributed factors to the awareness level for the operational level. Total of 122 incidents happened at Telekom Malaysia Berhad as compared to year 2015 only 86 cases. Thus, the main objective of this study was to determine the relationship between safety and health factors and the awareness level among operational workers.The determination of this research was to increase the awareness level among the operational level workerswho committing to safety and health environment.

The number of employed as a macroeconomic indicator of working time dynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 935-945
Author(s):  
I.A. Zaikova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Time Dynamics ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicator

Subject. The working time of workers at any stage of economic development is a value reflecting the level of labor productivity. Any progress in productivity contributes to changes in the volume of labor costs and the number of employed. Depending on the relationship between the total volume of labor costs and the number of employed, the duration of working time per one worker may change (it may increase, decrease, or remain unchanged). Objectives. The study aims to confirm the importance of such a macroeconomic indicator as the number of employed in varying working hours. Methods. The study rests on the comparative analysis of countries with developed economies based on some indicators like dynamics of the working time fund, dynamics of the number of employed, average number of hours worked during the year per employee, etc. The analyzed timespan is 25 years (from 1991 to 2016). Results. The comparative analysis revealed that in the non-production sphere and the economy as a whole the macroeconomic determinants correlate so that the length of working time per worker reduces. When considering the analysis results for the manufacturing sector, no single trend was identified. Conclusions. One of the key factors affecting the change in working hours is the number of employed. The relationship between the working time fund and the number of employed directly determines the dynamics of working time per worker.

Pound Wise and Penny Foolish? Weight Loss and The Dynamics of Health Care Spending

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas G Koch
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Health Care Spending ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Dynamic Measures ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Current estimates of obesity costs ignore the impact of future weight loss and gain, and may either over or underestimate economic consequences of weight loss. In light of this, I construct static and dynamic measures of medical costs associated with body mass index (BMI), to be balanced against the cost of one-time interventions. This study finds that ignoring the implications of weight loss and gain over time overstates the medical-cost savings of such interventions by an order of magnitude. When the relationship between spending and age is allowed to vary, weight-loss attempts appear to be cost-effective starting and ending with middle age. Some interventions recently proven to decrease weight may also be cost-effective.

scholarly journals The Mediating Effect of Marital Intimacy on the Relationship between Spouse-Related Stress and Prenatal Depression in Pregnant Couples: An Actor–Partner Interdependent Model Test

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 487
Author(s):  
Miyoung Lee ◽  
Yeon-Suk Kim ◽  
Mi-Kyoung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Prenatal Depression ◽  
Mediating Effects ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Marital Intimacy ◽  
Paternal Factors ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Prenatal depression is an important factor in predicting postpartum depression. Most studies have assessed factors affecting prenatal depression by focusing on pregnant wives. However, the emotional and psychological aspects of both expectant parents need to be considered. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of spouse-related stress in expectant couples on prenatal depression and investigate the mediating effects of marital intimacy on this relationship. A total of 120 expectant couples from two cities in Korea at more than 15 weeks of completed pregnancy participated in the study. Using a structured questionnaire, we assessed the general characteristics of the participants, spouse-related stress, prenatal depression, and marital intimacy. The results revealed that four actor effects and one partner effect were significant. Marital intimacy and prenatal depression among expectant parents were affected by spouse-related stress. Moreover, spouse-related stress in the husbands completely mediated marital intimacy in pregnant wives, demonstrating partner effects on prenatal depression in pregnant wives. Therefore, it was observed that paternal factors affect prenatal depression in pregnant wives. This warrants the inclusion of husbands in marital interventions and strategies to improve marital intimacy in pregnant wives.

Marginal assessment of the cost and benefits of aphasia treatment: Evidence from community-based telerehabilitation treatment for aphasia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1357633X2098277
Author(s):  
Molly Jacobs ◽  
Patrick M Briley ◽  
Heather Harris Wright ◽  
Charles Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Conduction Aphasia ◽  
Aphasia Treatment ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction Few studies have reported information related to the cost-effectiveness of traditional face-to-face treatments for aphasia. The emergence and demand for telepractice approaches to aphasia treatment has resulted in an urgent need to understand the costs and cost-benefits of this approach. Methods Eighteen stroke survivors with aphasia completed community-based aphasia telerehabilitation treatment, utilizing the Language-Oriented Treatment (LOT) delivered via Webex videoconferencing program. Marginal benefits to treatment were calculated as the change in Western Aphasia Battery-Revised (WAB-R) score pre- and post-treatment and marginal cost of treatment was calculated as the relationship between change in WAB-R aphasia quotient (AQ) and the average cost per treatment. Controlling for demographic variables, Bayesian estimation evaluated the primary contributors to WAB-R change and assessed cost-effectiveness of treatment by aphasia type. Results Thirteen out of 18 participants experienced significant improvement in WAB-R AQ following telerehabilitation delivered therapy. Compared to anomic aphasia (reference group), those with conduction aphasia had relatively similar levels of improvement whereas those with Broca’s aphasia had smaller improvement. Those with global aphasia had the largest improvement. Each one-point of improvement cost between US$89 and US$864 for those who improved (mean = US$200) depending on aphasia type/severity. Discussion Individuals with severe aphasia may have the greatest gains per unit cost from treatment. Both improvement magnitude and the cost per unit of improvement were driven by aphasia type, severity and race. Economies of scale to aphasia treatment–cost may be minimized by treating a variety of types of aphasia at various levels of severity.

scholarly journals Individual quality of life and the environment – towards a concept of livable areas for persons with disabilities in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Grabowska ◽  
Radosław Antczak ◽  
Jan Zwierzchowski ◽  
Tomasz Panek
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities [1] highlights the need to create proper socioeconomic and political conditions for persons with disabilities, with a special focus on their immediate living conditions. According to the Convention, these conditions should be built to ensure that persons with disabilities have the potential to enjoy a high quality of life (QoL), and this principle is reflected in the notion of livable areas. The crucial aspect of this framework is the relationship between the individual QoL and the environment, broadly understood as the socioeconomic as well as the technical conditions in which persons with disabilities function. Methods The basic research problem was to assess the relationship between individual QoL for the population with disabilities as a dependent variable and livability indicators as independent variables, controlling for individual characteristics. The study used a dataset from the EU-SILC (European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions) survey carried out in 2015 in Poland. The research concept involved several steps. First, we created a variable measuring the QoL for the entire population with disabilities. To measure the multidimensional QoL, we used Sen’s capability approach as a general concept, which was operationalized by the MIMIC (multiple indicators multiple causes) model. In the second step, we identified the livability indicators available in the official statistics, and merged them with survey data. Finally, in the last step, we ran the regression analysis. We also checked the data for the nested structure. Results We confirmed that the general environmental conditions, focused on creating livable areas, played a significant role in shaping the QoL of persons with disabilities; i.e., we found that the higher the level of the local Human Development Index, the higher the quality of life of the individuals living in this area. This relationship held even after controlling for the demographic characteristics of the respondents. Moreover, we found that in addition to the general environmental conditions, the conditions created especially for persons with disabilities (i.e., services for this group and support for their living conditions) affected the QoL of these individuals. Conclusions The results illustrate the need to strengthen policies aimed at promoting the QoL of persons with disabilities by creating access to community assets and services that can contribute to improving the life chances of this population.

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