Effects of Thickness and Winding Angle of the Laminate on Internal Pressure Capacity of Thermoplastic Composite Pipes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heping Xia ◽  
Chen Shi ◽  
Jialu Wang ◽  
Xingxian Bao ◽  
Hongwei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Thermoplastic Composite ◽  
Composite Pipes ◽  
Winding Angle

Effects of Thickness and Winding Angle of the Laminate on Internal Pressure Capacity of Thermoplastic Composite Pipes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Xia ◽  
C. Shi ◽  
J. Wang ◽  
X. Bao ◽  
H. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Solid Wall ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Thermoplastic Composite ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Composite Pipes ◽  
Winding Angle

Abstract Thermoplastic composite pipes (TCPs) are increasingly used to transport hydrocarbons and water in the oil and gas industry due to their superior properties including corrosion resistance, thermal insulation, light weight, etc. The cross-section of TCPs generally consists of three layers: inner liner, composite laminate, and outer jacket. Three layers are bonded together and form a solid-wall construction. Inner liner and outer jacket made of thermoplastic polymer provide protective barriers for the laminate to against the inner fluid and outer environment. The laminate is constructed by an even number of helically wounded continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite tapes. In this study, mechanical behaviors of a TCP under an internal pressure were investigated by using analytical and finite element analysis (FEA) methods. The analytical method which is based on the three-dimensional (3D) anisotropy elastic theory can take account of non-uniformly distributed stress and strain through the thickness of the pipe wall. FEA models were setup by using the software ABAQUS to predict the stress distribution of the pipe. 3D Tsai-Wu failure criterion was used to predict the maximum internal pressure of the pipe. Effects of some critical parameters, such as the winding angle of composite tapes and the number of reinforced plies, on the internal pressure capacity of TCPs were studied. Results obtained from the analytical and FEA methods were fairly agreed with each other, which showed that with the increasing of the number of reinforced plies the internal pressure capacity of a TCP gradually increases and approaches to an extreme value. In addition, the optimal winding angle which results the maximum internal pressure is not a constant value, instead, it varies with the increasing thickness of the laminate layer. This study provides useful tools and guidance for the design and analysis of TCPs, and is currently under validation through experiments.

Numerical Evaluation on Lateral Impact Resistance of Thermoplastic Composite Pipes in Terms of Internal Pressure Capacity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wang ◽  
C. Shi ◽  
G. Fu ◽  
Z. Liu ◽  
X. Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Thermoplastic Composite ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Lateral Impact ◽  
Composite Pipes ◽  
Subsea Pipelines ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Static Simulation

Abstract Subsea pipelines are prone to be damaged by the falling objects from ships or offshore platforms, which may result in economic losses and pollution. The dimensions of dent were commonly used to evaluate the impact resistance of pipes made from carbon steel. Thermoplastic composite pipes (TCPs), due to their superior properties including corrosion resistance, thermal insulation, fast installation, etc., are increasingly used as the subsea pipelines. The TCP is made from thermoplastic resins and reinforced by continuous fibers. Because of the brittle nature of carbon fibers and glass fibers, the dimensions of dent are not suitable for assessment of impact resistance of a TCP. In the present work, a procedure was proposed using the internal pressure capacity as an indicator to evaluate the lateral impact resistance of a TCP. First, the internal pressure capacity of an intact TCP was evaluated. Second, a quasi-static simulation was conducted by applying a lateral compression force on the intact TCP using a rigid ball, until one of the composite plies in the reinforcement layer failed. The quasi-static simulation provided an initial estimate of the minimum energy that causes the start of damage of the TCP. Third, the impact simulations were performed by using a rigid ball hitting the TCP and, then, the internal pressure capacity of the damaged TCP was evaluated. Finally, the internal pressure capacity of the damaged pipe, compared with that of the intact pipe, was used as an indicator to evaluate the lateral impact resistance of the TCP. In this study, a glass-fiber reinforced polyethylene (PE) pipe of an inner diameter of 150 mm was modeled by ABAQUS to illustrate the procedure. A theoretical method was proposed to calculate the impact energy of a dropped object in a shallow water. The example studied in the present work showed that the modeled TCP was not strong enough to survive the lateral impact caused by the dropped object and should be buried to a certain depth beneath the seabed if used as a subsea pipeline.

An Experimentally and Numerically Comparison between E-Glass/Epoxy and Basalt/Epoxy Pipes Pressurized Internally

2020 ◽  
Vol 305 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Thamir Aunal Deen Mohammed Sheet Almula ◽  
Ikram H. Amori ◽  
Mohd Yazid Yahya ◽  
Amran Ayob
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Filament Winding ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Composite Pipes ◽  
Winding Angle ◽  
Good Agreement

The current composite pipes such as E-glass have better properties compared to metallic pipes. However, these pipes are prone to failure during its service life. In contrast, natural fiber such as basalt fiber composite pipes has better mechanical characteristics compared to current composite pipes. Hoop tensile, longitudinal tensile and internal pressure loads were carried out through experimentally and numerically investigation on the basalt/epoxy and E-glass/epoxy pipe performance. The basalt/epoxy and E-glass/epoxy composite pipes have been manufactured with ±55o winding angle using dry filament winding with impregnation of epoxy resin used Vacuum Infusion Process (VIP) technique and investigated. Basalt and E-glass composite pipes with winding angles of ±45o, ±55o, ±65o, ±75o were fabricated in order to assess the optimal winding angle which can resists the subjected loads. There were good agreement between numerical and experimental results have been recorded. For internal pressure test, the basalt pipes have more internal pressure carrying capacity more than E-glass by 2.41%. Through this investigation, can be concluded that the natural based fiber of basalt can be used as a suitable replacement than E-glass, has further advantages of being cheap, abundant, renewable and easily recyclable. The also possess high strength, excellent flexural stiffness to cost ratio and low thermal conductivity

Effects of Thickness and Winding Angle of Reinforcement Laminates on Burst Pressure Capacity of Thermoplastic Composite Pipes

2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Xia ◽  
C. Shi ◽  
J. Wang ◽  
X. Bao ◽  
H. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Thermoplastic Composite ◽  
Burst Pressure ◽  
Mechanical Behaviors ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Internal Pressures ◽  
Composite Pipes ◽  
Winding Angle ◽  
Validation Experiments

Abstract The cross section of thermoplastic composite pipes (TCPs) consists of three layers: an inner liner, reinforcement laminates, and an outer jacket; the three layers are fully bonded together to form a solid-walled structure. In this study, the mechanical behaviors of TCPs under internal pressures were investigated using analytical and finite element analysis (FEA) methods. The analytical method that is based on the three-dimensional (3D) anisotropy elastic theory takes into account the nonuniform distribution of stresses and strains through the wall thickness of the pipe. FEA models were setup using the software abaqus to predict the stress distribution of a TCP. The 3D Tsai-Wu failure criterion was used to predict the maximum burst pressure of TCPs. Effects of winding angles and the number of reinforcement plies on the burst pressure of TCPs were studied. Results derived from the analytical method and the FEA method verified each other, which show that the burst pressure of a TCP increases asymptotically as the number of reinforcement plies increases. The optimal winding angle associated with the maximum burst pressure is not a constant value, instead, it varies as the thickness of the laminate layer increases. This study provides useful tools and guidance for the design and analysis of TCPs, while further validation experiments are still needed.

scholarly journals Effect of Combined Stresses on Fiber- Epoxy Composite Curved Pipe

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 58-71
Author(s):  
Fadhel Abbas Abdullah ◽  
Omar Emad Shukry
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Longitudinal Direction ◽  
Curve Pipe ◽  
Curved Pipe ◽  
Composite Curve ◽  
Composite Pipes

The aim of this research is to study the behavior of fiber epoxy composite curve pipe under internal pressure and bending moment. The specimens made from woven roving (Mat) fiber glass pipes and epoxy composite with 50% volume fraction are used to manufacturing curved pipe. The experimental work included manufacturing pipe specimens by vacuum bag technique. Pipe specimens were having 100mm inner diameter, 450 mm length of curvature center line of curve pipe with (43 degree) and two wall thickness are 4 and 3 mm. The test rig was designed and performed to study the effect of internal pressure and bending moment on the composite pipes. Also, the tensile test of the samples was done. The analytical expression solution has been accomplished to determine the strain, stress, for hoop and longitudinal direction. It is evident that the hoop stress for woven roving fiber composite pipe was more than longitudinal stress by almost (14%). The maximum internal pressure in the case of internal pressure only was more than compared to the combined internal pressure with bending moment by almost (115%). The most dangerous region is found in the inner arc of the curved pipe (intrude) area.

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