scholarly journals Citrus Pectin and Dried Pectin Peel

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Paul Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Citrus Pectin ◽  
Proprietary Information ◽  
Fruit Processing ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Foreign Operations

This paper is intended to disclose knowledge of present day methods for the production of pectin and dried pectin peel by citrus fruit processing plants in Florida and in California. This study cannot be considered a complete presentation since information is not available from all producing plants. Some domestic and foreign operations can not disclose their methods due to management regulations concerning proprietary information. There are other plants where the writer has not been able to obtain specific information. Paper published with permission.

CITRUS FRUIT PROCESSING

1948 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Shearon ◽  
E. M. Burdick
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Fruit Processing

The Effect of Trade Secrets Law on Stock Price Synchronicity: Evidence from the Inevitable Disclosure Doctrine

2020 ◽  
pp. 0000-0000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongtae Kim ◽  
Lixin (Nancy) Su ◽  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Haibin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Stock Prices ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
State Courts ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Cost Of Equity ◽  
Stock Price Synchronicity ◽  
Corporate Managers ◽  
Proprietary Information ◽  
Proprietary Cost ◽  
Trade Secret Protection

We exploit the staggered recognition of the Inevitable Disclosure Doctrine (IDD) by US state courts to examine the effect of trade-secret protection on the amount of firm-specific information incorporated in stock prices, as reflected in stock price synchronicity. We find that after certain state courts recognize the IDD, firms headquartered in those states exhibit a significant increase in stock price synchronicity relative to firms in other states. We also find a significant decrease in the disclosure of proprietary information in the firms' 10-K reports. These results suggest that IDD recognition increases the proprietary cost of disclosure, and, in response, corporate managers withhold more information. In addition, we find that the increase in stock price synchronicity and the decrease in the disclosure of proprietary information lead to increases in the firm's market share, cost of equity, and market-to-book ratio, suggesting that managers sacrifice capital market benefits for product market gains.

scholarly journals Optimum Conditions for Extraction of Antibacterial Compounds from Citrus Aurantifolia Fruit Peel Waste

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Rima Munawaroh
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Fresh Sample ◽  
Citrus Aurantifolia ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Assay ◽  
Fruit Processing

Citrus fruit peel is a major waste in citrus fruit processing industry. The research on extraction activecompounds of Citrus aurantifolia (lime) fruit peel waste and antibacterial activity assay has been done. Theaim of research was to get optimum condition to extract their active compounds which have antibacterialactivity. The dried lime fruit peel was extracted by maceration method using ethanol 48%, 72%, and 96%.The dried and fresh lime fruit peel were also extracted using ethyl acetate. Antibacterial assay was done bydiffusion agar against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. The resultshowed that optimal condition to extract antibacterial compound using fresh sample with ethyl acetate assolvent. The ethyl acetate extract of fresh sample was more active against S. aureus than E. coli.

scholarly journals Progress on Mechanically Grading Citrus Fruit in Processing Plants

1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
William L. Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Inexpensive Method ◽  
Processing Plants

An inexpensive method to mechanically pregrade citrus fruit in processing plants is needed to improve effectiveness of manual grading and reduce handling costs. The need for mechanical pregrading will increase with mechanically harvested fruit which will contain more damaged and unwholesome fruit than manually harvested fruit. Chemical abscission to loosen the fruit prior to harvest causes considerable pre-drop, and rake-pick-up procedures will be necessary to recover fruit from the ground. Fruit harvested from the ground may contain “old drops” in varying stages of decay. Normal grading procedures are sometimes inadequate to remove the larger amounts of unwholesome fruit present after a freeze or late in the processing season. Such periods require either additional temporary graders or reduced processing rates and occasionally, regrading. Paper published with permission.

Use of Alkaline Peeling Effluents from Vegetable and Fruit Processing Operations by Neurospora sitophila

1978 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. BEUCHAT ◽  
W. A. BOUGH ◽  
C. T. YOUNG
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Submerged Fermentation ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
Initial Values ◽  
Fruit Processing ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Total Amino Acid Content

Growth of Neurospora sitophila on alkaline effluents from rutabaga, potato, and peach processing operations was studied. Submerged fermentation at 30 C reduced COD values from 42 to 68% of initial values for peeling wastes and from 17 to 25% in rinse wastes after 4 days. This procedure for reducing COD would be of interest as a pretreatment technique for use in processing plants discharging into municipal treatment systems. The total amino acid content of potato effluent biomass was nearly quadrupled, whereas the total amino acid content of peach effluent was doubled after 1 day of fermentation.

Products From Citrus Peel

1956 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Kilburn
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Citrus Peel ◽  
Processing Plants

Almost four million tons of citrus fruit were used by the Florida processing plants last year. Juice obtained from citrus represents only approximately half of the weight of the fruit. Two million tons of peel, pulp and seeds, accumulated yearly at processing plants, presents a challenge and an opportunity. This is a large amount of raw material, readily available, concentrated in a relatively small number of locations, and produced over a period of time which makes possible economical handling and processing. Paper published with permission.

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