Wave Rotor Combustor Test Rig Preliminary Design

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berrak Alparslan ◽  
M. Razi Nalim ◽  
Philip H. Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Computational Models ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Constant Volume ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Wave Rotor ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Operating Cycle ◽  
And Performance

Pressure gain combustion in a wave rotor approaching the thermodynamic ideal of constant volume combustion has been proposed to significantly enhance the performance of gas turbine engines. A computational and experimental program is currently being conducted to investigate the combustion process and performance of a wave rotor with detonative and near-detonative internal combustion. An innovative and flexible preliminary design of the test rig is presented to demonstrate the operation and performance of the system. A preliminary design method based on a sequence of computational models is used to design wave processes for testing in the rig and to define rig geometry and operating conditions. The operating cycle allows for propagation of the combustion front from the exit end of the combustion channel to the inlet end. This is similar to and motivated by the Constant Volume Combustor (CVC) concept that seeks to produce a relatively uniform set of outflow conditions in both spatial and time coordinates.

Assessment of Different Actuator Concepts for Acoustic Boundary Control of a Premixed Combustor

2008 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko R. Bothien ◽  
Jonas P. Moeck ◽  
Christian Oliver Paschereit
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Acoustic Boundary Conditions ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Finite Element Calculations ◽  
Control Authority

In the design process, new burners are generally tested in combustion test rigs. With these experiments, computational fluid dynamics, and finite element calculations, the burners’ performance in the full-scale engine is sought to be predicted. Especially, information about the thermoacoustic behavior and the emissions is very important. As the thermoacoustics strongly depend on the acoustic boundary conditions of the system, it is obvious that test rig conditions should match or be close to those of the full-scale engine. This is, however, generally not the case. Hence, if the combustion process in the test rig is stable at certain operating conditions, it may show unfavorable dynamics at the same conditions in the engine. In previous works, the authors introduced an active control scheme, which is able to mimic almost arbitrary acoustic boundary conditions. Thus, the test rig properties can be tuned to correspond to those of the full-scale engine. The acoustic boundary conditions were manipulated using woofers. In the present study, proportional valves are investigated regarding their capabilities of being used in the control scheme. It is found that the test rig impedance can be tuned equally well. In contrast to the woofers, however, the valves could be used in industrial applications, as they are more robust and exhibit more control authority. Additionally, the control scheme is further developed and used to tune the test rig at discrete frequencies. This exhibits certain advantages compared with the case of control over a broad frequency band.

scholarly journals Improvements in the turbo-engine by replacement of conventional combustion chamber by a pulse combustion chamber

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-494
Author(s):  
Damian Łapinski ◽  
Janusz Piechna
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Constant Volume ◽  
Wave Rotor ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Pulse Combustor ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Pulse Combustion ◽  
Turbo Engine

Abstract This paper comprises description of the turbo engine and evaluation of its analytical model. The analytical model was created to establish a benchmark for further evaluation of a wave rotor combustor (at constant volume). The wave rotor combustor concept was presented and discussed. Advantages of combustion at constant volume were described as well as the basic turbo engine updates required to reflect pulse combustor application. The calculation results for analytical model of a basic engine, and that equipped with pulse combustor are included in this paper. The paper describes the required changes in the engine structure and construction and the estimated thermodynamic improvements. Axial-type pulse multi-chamber combustion unit increasing the pressure and temperature of gases requires a special additional turbine utilizing additional energy and forming the interface between the standard compressor-turbine unit. Performance calculations done for an existing GTD-350 engine showed that constant-volume combustion process is valuable

scholarly journals Quantitative Indicators of the Instantaneous Speed of a Ship’s Main Engine and its Usability in Assessing the Quality of the Combustion Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-106
Author(s):  
Leszek Chybowski ◽  
Damian Kazienko
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Operating Cycle ◽  
Instantaneous Speed ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Main Engine ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
Differential Speed

AbstractA graph of the changes in an engine’s operating speed can be used to assess the quality of the combustion in its cylinders. In this paper, the authors carried out tests on a Buckau-Wolf R8VD-136 ship engine, which was directly driving the propeller. This engine is owned by the Laboratory of Marine Engine Rooms at the Maritime University of Szczecin. For standard rotational speeds ranging from 200 to 280 rpm, with increments of 20 rpm, the authors measured the changes in the instantaneous speed for the engine’s normal operating conditions (reference graphs) as well as with one of the cylinders being out of operation. A no-combustion situation was successively introduced into each cylinder for each preset rotational speed. The obtained graphs of the instantaneous speed were then used to determine certain quantitative indicators, which the authors believe can provide information about the technical condition of the engine. The analysis concerned the averaged graphs of the speed under the conditions set for five consecutive engine operating cycles. The indicators that were calculated included the maximum difference in the speed over the engine’s full operating cycle, the uniformity of the engine speed and the differential speed area factor, the latter a term that has been proposed by the authors. The values of the individual indicators that were obtained from the reference graphs and the graphs with no combustion in one of the cylinders were compared. All indicators are sensitive to cylinder misfire. Conclusions were then drawn on the usefulness of these indicators in assessing the condition of an engine.

Assessment of Different Actuator Concepts for Acoustic Boundary Control of a Premixed Combustor

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko R. Bothien ◽  
Jonas P. Moeck ◽  
Christian Oliver Paschereit
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Acoustic Boundary Conditions ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Finite Element Calculations ◽  
Control Authority

In the design process, new burners are generally tested in combustion test rigs. With these experiments, computational fluid dynamics, and finite element calculations, the burners’ performance in the full-scale engine is sought to be predicted. Especially, information about the thermoacoustic behavior and the emissions is very important. As the thermoacoustics strongly depend on the acoustic boundary conditions of the system, it is obvious that test rig conditions should match or be close to those of the full-scale engine. This is, however, generally not the case. Hence, if the combustion process in the test rig is stable at certain operating conditions, it may show unfavorable dynamics at the same conditions in the engine. In a previous paper (GT2007-27796), the authors introduced an active control scheme which is able to mimic almost arbitrary acoustic boundary conditions. Thus, the test rig properties can be tuned to correspond to those of the full-scale engine. The acoustic boundary conditions were manipulated using woofers. In the present study, proportional valves are investigated regarding their capabilities of being used in the control scheme. It is found that the test rig impedance can be tuned equally well. In contrast to the woofers, however, the valves could be used in industrial applications, as they are more robust and exhibit more control authority. Additionally, the control scheme is further developed and used to tune the test rig at discrete frequencies. This exhibits certain advantages compared to the case of control over a broad frequency band.

Maximizing Contacting Filament Seal Performance Retention

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo H. J. Jahn
Keyword(s):  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Operating Life ◽  
Labyrinth Seals ◽  
Operating Cycle ◽  
Model Based ◽  
And Performance

The initial superior performance of contacting filament seals compared to traditional seals such as labyrinth seals has been well reported in the literature. A challenge that remains for these seals is ensuring that this performance advantage is retained throughout their operating life, especially if there is uncertainty in the operating cycle. In the current paper, a seal model based on generic seal characteristics is used to explore the relationships between these characteristics, the seal performance, and the seal performance retention. Using this approach seal characteristics are identified that result in a seal that performs well and maintains performance for a given operating cycle. In addition it is demonstrated that the performance and performance retention is maintained even if the seal operating conditions are altered significantly, implying that these seals are more robust also.

scholarly journals An Analytical Model of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine for Performance Prediction

2014 ◽  
Vol 564 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
A. R. Najihah ◽  
A.A. Nuraini ◽  
Othman Inayatullah
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Combustion Duration ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Intake Pressure ◽  
And Performance

A zero dimensional thermodynamic model simulation is developed to simulate the combustion characteristics and performance of a four stroke homogeneous compression combustion ignition (HCCI) engine fueled with gasoline. This model which applies the first law of thermodynamics for a closed system is inclusive of empirical model for predicting the important parameters for engine cycles: the combustion timing and mass burnt fraction during the combustion process. The hypothesis is the increasing intake temperature can reduce the combustion duration and the fuel consumption at wide range of equivalence ratio. The intake temperature were increased from 373-433 K with increment of 20 K. The engine was operated over a range of equivalence ratios of 0.2 to 0.5 at constant engine speed of 1200 rpm and intake pressure of 89,950 k Pa. Simulations were performed using Simulink® under different engine operating conditions. Increasing intake temperature allows reducing the combustion duration by 0.99 °CA and 0.26 °CA at equivalence ratios of 0.2 and 0.5, respectively. The brake specific fuel consumption decreases about 6.09%-5.76% at 0.2-0.5 of equivalence ratios. Thus, fuel consumption can be reduced by increasing intake temperature.

Tuning of the Acoustic Boundary Conditions of Combustion Test Rigs With Active Control: Extension to Actuators With Nonlinear Response

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko R. Bothien ◽  
Christian Oliver Paschereit
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Active Control ◽  
Nonlinear Response ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Acoustic Boundary Conditions ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Resonance Frequencies

In the design process, new burners are generally tested in combustion test rigs. With these experiments, as well as with computational fluid dynamics, finite element calculations, and low-order network models, the burner’s performance in the full-scale engine is sought to be predicted. Especially, information about the thermoacoustic behavior and the emissions is very important. As the thermoacoustics strongly depend on the acoustic boundary conditions of the system, it is obvious that test rig conditions should match or be close to those of the full-scale engine. This is, however, generally not the case. Hence, if the combustion process in the test rig is stable at certain operating conditions, it may show unfavorable dynamics at the same conditions in the engine. In previous works, the authors introduced an active control scheme, which is able to mimic almost arbitrary acoustic boundary conditions. Thus, the test rig properties can be tuned to correspond to those of the full-scale engine. The acoustic boundary conditions were manipulated using woofers. In the present study, an actuator with higher control authority is investigated, which could be used to apply the control scheme in industrial test rigs. The actuator modulates an air mass flow to generate an acoustic excitation. However, in contrast to the woofers, it exhibits a strong nonlinear response regarding amplitude and frequency. Thus, the control scheme is further developed to account for these nonlinear transfer characteristics. This modified control scheme is then applied to change the acoustic boundary conditions of an atmospheric swirl-stabilized combustion test rig. Excellent results were obtained in terms of changing the reflection coefficient to different levels. By manipulating its phase, different resonance frequencies could be imposed without any hardware changes. The nonlinear control approach is not restricted to the actuator used in this study and might therefore be of use for other actuators as well.

PIV Measurements in the Impeller and the Vaneless Diffuser of a Radial Flow Pump in Design and Off-Design Operating Conditions

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 791-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Wuibaut ◽  
G. Bois ◽  
P. Dupont ◽  
G. Caignaert ◽  
M. Stanislas
Keyword(s):  
Radial Flow ◽  
Rotating Stall ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Vaneless Diffuser ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Radial Flow Pump ◽  
Flow Pump ◽  
Relative Flow

This paper presents and discusses the results of an experimental program that has been made on an air test rig of a radial flow pump. The tested impeller is the so-called SHF impeller. Many experimental data have already been produced (tests in air and in water) on that geometry and these results are still used as databases for the validation of CFD codes. For the present study, an air test rig has been chosen for optical access facilities and measurements were realized with a vaneless diffuser. The 2D Particle Image Velocimetry technique has been used and measurements of flow velocities have been made simultaneously in the outer part of the impeller and in the vaneless diffuser. Measurements have been realized in five planes, in the hub to shroud direction, for various relative flow rates (design and off-design operating conditions). First, the paper focus on the evolutions of the phase averaged velocity charts in the impeller and the diffuser. Limitations of the phase averaging technique clearly appear in the very low partial flow rates and this will be related to previous pressure measurements analysis establishing the occurrence of rotating stall within the impeller for such operating conditions. The paper also proposes an analysis of the rates of fluctuations of the velocity charts and the evolutions in the various measuring planes as the relative flow rate becomes lower.

MODERN EQUIPMENT FOR DETERMINING TRACTOR-SPEED PROPERTIES OF THE VEHICLE: CHARACTERISTICS’ ANALYSIS IN LABORATORY CONDITIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-289
Author(s):  
N. V. Savenkov ◽  
V. V. Ponyakin ◽  
S. A. Chekulaev ◽  
V. V. Butenko
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Force Transfer ◽  
Characteristics Analysis ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Loading Devices ◽  
Structural Solutions

Introduction. At present, stands with running drums are widely used for various types of tests. Power stands play a special role. Such stands take the mechanical power from the driving wheels of the car. This simulates the process of movement of the vehicle under operating conditions. Such equipment has various designs, principles of operation and performance. It is also used in tests that are different by purpose, development stages and types: research, control, certification, etc. Therefore, it is necessary in order to determine the traction-speed, fuel-efficient and environmental performance characteristics.Materials and methods. The paper provides the overview of the power stands with running drums, which are widespread on the domestic market. The authors carried out the analysis of the main structural solutions: schemes of force transfer between the wheel and the drum; types of loading devices; transmission layout schemes and features of the control and measuring complex. The authors also considered corresponding advantages and disadvantages, recommended spheres of application, demonstrated parameters and characteristics of the units’ workflow, presented components and equipment.Discussion and conclusions. The authors critically evaluate existing models of stands with running drums. Such information is useful for choosing serial models of stands and for developing technical tasks for designing or upgrading the equipment.

Application of vacuum belt press filters for cane mud filtration and performance comparison with rotary filters

2014 ◽  
pp. 298-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Petit
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Vacuum Filter ◽  
Sugar Mill ◽  
Belt Press ◽  
Vacuum Belt ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Mud Filtration ◽  
The Impact

Bois-Rouge factory, an 8000 t/d cane Reunionese sugarcane mill, has fully equipped its filtration station with vacuum belt press filters since 2010, the first one being installed in 2009. The present study deals with this 3-year experience and discusses operating conditions, electricity consumption, performance and optimisation. The comparison with the more classical rotary drum vacuum filter station of Le Gol sugar mill highlights advantages of vacuum belt press filters: high filtration efficiency, low filter cake mass and sucrose content, low total solids content in filtrate and low power consumption. However, this technology needs a mud conditioning step and requires a large amount of water to improve mud quality, mixing of flocculant and washing of filter belts. The impact on the energy balance of the sugar mill is significant. At Bois-Rouge mill, studies are underway to reduce the water consumption by recycling low d.s. filtrate and by dry cleaning the filter belts.

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