Characterization of Piezoelectric Materials for Thermoacoustic Power Transduction

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Wekin ◽  
C. Richards ◽  
K. Matveev ◽  
M. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducers ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Thermoacoustic Engine ◽  
Thermoacoustic Engines

In this work an experimental study of the performance of piezoelectric transducers for power production from a small-scale thermoacoustic engine is presented. Four piezoelectric samples are identified and characterized. These samples are tested on a variable acoustic driver and electrical power produced is measured. Finally, the samples are tested on four experimental thermoacoustic engines to verify the results from the acoustic setup. The maximum power produced is 177 μW from a closed thermoacoustic engine coupled to a 15mm PZT disk.

Modeling of Thermoacoustic Resonators With Nonuniform Medium and Boundary Conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin I. Matveev ◽  
Sungmin Jung
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Acoustic Power ◽  
Solid Surfaces ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Nonuniform Medium ◽  
Thermoacoustic Engine ◽  
Efficient Calculation ◽  
Thermoacoustic Engines ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Low Amplitude

The subject of this paper is modeling of low-amplitude acoustic fields in enclosures with nonuniform medium and boundary conditions. An efficient calculation method is developed for this class of problems. Boundary conditions, accounting for the boundary-layer losses and movable walls, are applied near solid surfaces. The lossless acoustic wave equation for a nonuniform medium is solved in the bulk of the resonator by a finite-difference method. One application of this model is for designing small thermoacoustic engines. Thermoacoustic processes in the regular-geometry porous medium inserted in resonators can be modeled analytically. A calculation example is presented for a small-scale thermoacoustic engine coupled with an oscillator on a flexing wall of the resonator. The oscillator can be used for extracting mechanical power from the engine. A nonuniform wall deflection may result in a complicated acoustic field in the resonator. This leads to across-the-stack variations of the generated acoustic power and local efficiency of thermoacoustic energy conversion.

scholarly journals Low-Cost Piezoelectric Sensor Characterization for Energy Harvesting Applications

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Paulo Afonso Ferreira Junior ◽  
Fernando de Souza Campos ◽  
Bruno Albuquerque de Castro ◽  
José Alfredo Covolan Ulson ◽  
Fabrício Guimarães Baptista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Sensor ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducers ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Resistive Load

Energy harvesting engineering fields constitutes a promising area to provide electrical power for low-power electric applications obtained from other sources of energy available in the environment such as thermal, electromagnetic, vibrational and acoustic by using transducers. Vibrational sources stand out as a main alternative to be used for generating electric power in sensor nodes in microelectronic devices due to the greater energy conversion efficiency and the use of a simple structure. The cantilever is the main system implemented in studies of obtaining electric energy from vibrations using piezoelectric transducers. Most of piezoelectric transducers in the literature are not yet commercially available and/or are difficult to access for purchase and use. This paper proposes the characterization of low-cost piezoelectric transducers, configured as sensors, for Energy Harvesting applications using three different sizes of circular piezoelectric transducers (PZTs.) with diameters of 3.4 cm, 2.6 cm and 1.5 cm. For all three different PZTs, it was found that the maximum power transfer occurs for a resistive load of 82 kΏ. The maximum power generated in the load for the three PZTs was 40 uW, 14 uW and 1.4 W; with RMS voltages of 2.8 V, 2.10 V and 0.6 V; an acceleration of 1.3 g and a vibration frequency approximate of 7 Hz.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY STORAGES SYSTEM WITH D.C.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Gausiya Mansoori ◽  
Amir Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Photovoltaic Energy ◽  
Photovoltaic Power ◽  
Power Generation System

Photovoltaic cells power generations are increased, because of lack of electrical power. Using of uniform solar irradiation in the photovoltaic cells, power-voltage characteristics must be unique and the maximum power is generated from PV cells. The MPPT Device is an essential part for photovoltaic power generation system. Because of nonlinearity behavior of irradiation and temperature in atmosphere.

Experimental Characterization of Losses in Bladeless Turbine Prototype

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash Renuke ◽  
Federico Reggio ◽  
Alberto Traverso ◽  
Matteo Pascenti
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Experimental Characterization ◽  
Scaling Effects ◽  
Low Performance ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
First Time

Abstract Multi-disk bladeless turbines, also known as Tesla turbines, are promising in the field of small-scale power generation and energy harvesting due to their low sensitivity to down-scaling effects, retaining high rotor efficiency. However, low (less than 40%) overall isentropic efficiency has been recorded in the experimental literature. This article aims for the first time to a systematic experimental characterization of loss mechanisms in a 3-kW Tesla expander using compressed air as working fluid and producing electrical power through a high speed generator (40krpm). The sources of losses discussed are: stator losses, stator-rotor peripheral viscous losses, end wall ventilation losses and leakage losses. After description of experimental prototype, methodology and assessment of measurement accuracy, the article discusses such losses aiming at separating the effects that each loss has on the overall performance. Once effects are separated, their individual impact on the overall efficiency curves is presented. This experimental investigation, for the first time, gives the insight into the actual reasons of low performance of Tesla turbines, highlighting critical areas of improvement, and paving the way to next generation Tesla turbines, competitive with state of the art bladed expanders.

Development of Combustion-Driven Thermoacoustic Engine

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najmeddin Shafrei Tehrany ◽  
Chien Shung Lin ◽  
Cory Bloomquist ◽  
Jeongmin Ahn ◽  
Konstantin Matveev
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Acoustic Power ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Developmental Study ◽  
Prime Mover ◽  
Power Devices ◽  
Thermoacoustic Engine ◽  
Thermoacoustic Engines

Miniature thermoacoustic engines driven by combustion and producing electricity are promising candidates for small-scale power devices. The elemental development of the system including a small thermoacoustic engine and a Swiss roll combustor is discussed in this work. A standing-wave thermoacoustic prime mover consists of a resonator with a stack of porous material inside where a temperature gradient is maintained. This engine generates acoustic power from heat. The sound energy can be converted in electricity by an electroacoustic transformer. The Swiss roll combustor utilizes the high energy density of hydrocarbon fuels in order to provide the necessary heat transfer required to generate acoustic power from the engine. Some results of this developmental study are presented.

An Empirically Based Model for Electric Generation of Bicycle

2014 ◽  
Vol 701-702 ◽  
pp. 1210-1213
Author(s):  
Supachai Phaiboon ◽  
Sastra Thanrattanukool
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Electric Bicycle ◽  
Electric Generation ◽  
Electric Bicycles ◽  
Electrical Loads ◽  
Electrical Generation

This paper presents an experimental study of an electric bicycle. We operated the bicycle on flat roads, uphill and downhill. The speed was categorized into slow, normal, and fast. Electrical loads were varied, step by step, for example 180, 240, 300, and 360 W. According to the observations of electrical power produced by an electric bicycle, we found that at the load of 240 W, it can produce a maximum power of 91.56 W. However, the generator can produce a maximum power of 350 W; therefore, we used a load of 360 W for studying and modeling. Finally, this model can be used to predict the electrical generation from electric bicycles as well as used for meter monitoring.

scholarly journals Constructive and Destructive Interplay Between Piezoelectricity and Flexoelectricity in Flexural Sensors and Actuators

2015 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Abdollahi ◽  
Irene Arias
Keyword(s):  
Electromechanical Coupling ◽  
Size Dependence ◽  
Piezoelectric Effect ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducers ◽  
Ferroelectric Ceramics ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Piezoelectric Bimorph ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Strain Gradients

Flexoelectricity is an electromechanical effect coupling polarization to strain gradients. It fundamentally differs from piezoelectricity because of its size-dependence and symmetry. Flexoelectricity is generally perceived as a small effect noticeable only at the nanoscale. Since ferroelectric ceramics have a particularly high flexoelectric coefficient, however, it may play a significant role as piezoelectric transducers shrink to the submicrometer scale. We examine this issue with a continuum model self-consistently treating piezo- and flexoelectricity. We show that in piezoelectric device configurations that induce strain gradients and at small but technologically relevant scales, the electromechanical coupling may be dominated by flexoelectricity. More importantly, depending on the device design flexoelectricity may enhance or reduce the effective piezoelectric effect. Focusing on bimorph configurations, we show that configurations that are equivalent at large scales exhibit dramatically different behavior for thicknesses below 100 nm for typical piezoelectric materials. Our results suggest flexoelectric-aware designs for small-scale piezoelectric bimorph transducers.

scholarly journals Tracking of Maximum Electrical Power for a Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting System

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 6465-6469
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Energy Harvesting System

Recent global environmental challenges have urged researchers to work on renewable energy resources. One major category of these resources is piezoelectric materials. This paper presents dynamic modeling of a piezoelectric energy harvesting system and then presents two level methodology using artificial neural networks to reach its maximum power output. Simulation results show desirable performance of the system, which leads to output increasing and tracking of maximum power in a limited time.

On the Coupling Between Standing-Wave Thermoacoustic Engine and Piezoelectric Transducer

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin I. Matveev ◽  
Andy Wekin ◽  
Cecilia D. Richards ◽  
Najmeddin Shafrei-Tehrany
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Standing Wave ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Thermoacoustic Engine ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Thermoacoustic Engines ◽  
Piezoelectric Elements ◽  
Simplified Mathematical Model

Small thermoacoustic engines integrated with piezoelectric elements can be effective small-scale power sources to convert heat to electricity. A simplified mathematical model is developed to illustrate the effect of transducer parameters on the frequency and onset temperature difference in a standing-wave engine and to estimate efficiencies of energy conversion. Results of sample calculations show that efficiencies for the acoustic-electric energy conversion on the order of 10% are feasible.

Experimental Characterization of Losses in Bladeless Turbine Prototype

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash Renuke ◽  
Federico Reggio ◽  
Alberto Traverso ◽  
Matteo Pascenti
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Experimental Characterization ◽  
Scaling Effects ◽  
Low Performance ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
First Time

Abstract Multi-disk bladeless turbines, also known as Tesla turbines, are promising in the field of small-scale power generation and energy harvesting due to their low sensitivity to down-scaling effects, retaining high rotor efficiency. However, low (less than 40%) overall isentropic efficiency has been recorded in the experimental literature. This article aims for the first time to a systematic experimental characterization of loss mechanisms in a 3-kW Tesla expander using compressed air as working fluid and producing electrical power through a high speed generator (40krpm). The sources of losses discussed are: stator losses, stator-rotor peripheral viscous losses, end wall ventilation losses and leakage losses. After description of experimental prototype, methodology and assessment of measurement accuracy, the article discusses such losses aiming at separating the effects that each loss has on the overall performance. Once effects are separated, their individual impact on the overall efficiency curves is presented. This experimental investigation, for the first time, gives the insight into the actual reasons of low performance of Tesla turbines, highlighting critical areas of improvement, and paving the way to next generation Tesla turbines, competitive with state of the art bladed expanders.

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