Towards Safety Barrier Analysis of Hydrogen Powered Maritime Vessels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Balestra ◽  
Ruochen Yang ◽  
Ingrid Schjølberg ◽  
Ingrid B. Utne ◽  
Øystein Ulleberg
Keyword(s):  
General Framework ◽  
Operator Training ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Safety Barrier ◽  
Barrier Analysis ◽  
Structured Analysis ◽  
Physical Barriers ◽  
Cold Box ◽  
Specific Scenario

Abstract This paper focuses on the use of safety barrier analysis, during the design phase of a vessel powered by cryogenic hydrogen, to identify possible weaknesses in the architecture. Barrier analysis can be used to evaluate a series of scenarios that have been identified in the industry as critical. The performance evaluation of such barriers in a specific scenario can lead to either the approval of the design, if a safety threshold is met, or the inclusion of additional barriers to mitigate risk even further. By conducting a structured analysis, it is possible to identify key barriers that need to be included in the system, intended both as physical barriers (sensors, cold box) and as administrative barriers (checklist, operator training). The method chosen for this study is the Barrier and Operational Risk Analysis (BORA) method. This method, developed for the analysis of hydrocarbon releases, is described in the paper and adapted for the analysis of cryogenic hydrogen releases. A case study is presented using the BORA method, developing the qualitative barrier analysis. The qualitative section of the method can be easily adapted to vessels of different class and size adopting the same storage solution. The barrier analysis provides a general framework to analyze the system and check that the safety requirements defined by the ship operator and maritime certification societies are met.

Solidifying Mud Cake to Improve Cementing Quality of Shale Gas Well: A Case Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Gu ◽  
Ju Huang ◽  
Su Zhang ◽  
Xinzhong Hu ◽  
Hangxiang Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shale Gas ◽  
Calcium Silicate Hydrate ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Gas Well ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Mud Cake ◽  
Gas Bearing

The purpose of this study is to improve the cementing quality of shale gas well by mud cake solidification, as well as to provide the better annular isolation for its hydraulic fracturing development. Based on the self-established experimental method and API RP 10, the effects of mud cake solidifiers on the shear strength at cement-interlayer interface (SSCFI) were evaluated. After curing for 3, 7, 15 and 30 days, SSCFI was remarkably improved by 629.03%, 222.37%, 241.43% and 273.33%, respectively, compared with the original technology. Moreover, the compatibility among the mud cake solidifier, cement slurry, drilling fluid and prepad fluid meets the safety requirements for cementing operation. An application example in a shale gas well (Yuanye HF-1) was also presented. The high quality ratio of cementing quality is 93.49% of the whole well section, while the unqualified ratio of adjacent well (Yuanba 9) is 84.46%. Moreover, the cementing quality of six gas-bearing reservoirs is high. This paper also discussed the mechanism of mud cake solidification. The reactions among H3AlO42- and H3SiO4- from alkali-dissolved reaction, Na+ and H3SiO4- in the mud cake solidifiers, and Ca2+ and OH- from cement slurry form the natrolite and calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) with different silicate-calcium ratio. Based on these, SSCFI and cementing quality were improved.

scholarly journals Case Study on Fire Resistance of Sandwiches for Means of Transport

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Pavel Koštial ◽  
Zora Koštialová Jančíková ◽  
Robert Frischer
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Aluminum Honeycomb ◽  
Heat Loads

These days there are undeniably unique materials that, however, must also meet demanding safety requirements. In the case of vehicles, these are undoubtedly excellent fire protection characteristics. The aim of the work is to experimentally verify the proposed material compositions for long-term heat loads and the effect of thickness, the number of laminating layers (prepregs) as well as structures with different types of cores (primarily honeycomb made of Nomex paper type T722 of different densities, aluminum honeycomb and PET foam) and composite coating based on a glass-reinforced phenolic matrix. The selected materials are suitable candidates for intelligent sandwich structures, usable especially for interior cladding applications in the industry for the production of means of public transport (e.g., train units, trams, buses, hybrid vehicles).

scholarly journals Participatory safety barrier analysis: a case from the offshore maritime industry

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trond Kongsvik ◽  
Torgeir Haavik ◽  
Gudveig Gjøsund
Keyword(s):  
Maritime Industry ◽  
Safety Barrier ◽  
Barrier Analysis

scholarly journals Construction of new houses on a uranium vein outcrop: a case study from the Czech Republic

Nukleonika ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Goliáš ◽  
Gereltsetseg Tumurkhuu ◽  
Pavel Kohn ◽  
Ondřej Šálek ◽  
Jakub Plášil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Planning Process ◽  
Uranium Content ◽  
Uranium Mineralization ◽  
Construction Site ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Uranium Ore ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Radon Risk

Abstract Significant uranium mineralization represented by a typical assemblage of uranyl supergene minerals in a quartz-uraninite vein hosted in the exocontact zone of the Variscan-Tanvald granite was found at a new construction site in the municipality of Jablonec n. Nisou. Activities of 222Rn in soil gas reached 1 MBq/m3 around two houses, with a maximum of 3.33 MBq/m3 between them on a uranium ore lens outcrop. The uranium content reaches up to 291 ppm eU (3595 Bq/kg 226Ra), and it is possible to find many ‘hot’ pieces of uranium ore fragments with a high percentage of uranium in the Quaternary cover in this place. This unfavourable situation is a result of an improper spatial planning process. The constructor was given the permission to construct the building even though the construction site did not meet safety requirements and the geological survey had failed. Not only geological prospecting was underestimated, but also the radon risk assessment was undervalued.

scholarly journals Object Oriented VS Structured Analysis and Design in System Development Courses

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S3) ◽  
pp. 82-88
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
System Development ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Learning ◽  
Structured Analysis ◽  
The One ◽  
Structured Analysis And Design

Objectives: The main aim of this study was to investigate the factors that influence students’, academicians’, clients’, as well as developer’s preferences in choosing their preferred approach in system development, namely structured analysis design (SAD) or object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD). Methods: The research design was based on a survey methodology and a case study. For the survey, questionnaires were administered to 30 students and 38 academicians, who were randomly selected from several Malaysian universities. For the case study, the requirements of the information system were modeled and presented to several clients to elicit their feedback. The survey data were analyzed using SPSS Findings: The result shows that students preferred the use of OOAD approach, which clearly outnumbered those who preferred the SAD approach, which stood at 33%. Interestingly, the majority (53%) of academicians preferred the use of a mixture of both approaches. Likewise, the clients shared a similar view with the academicians, whereas the developer preferred the OOAD approach. Application/Improvements: Clearly, the findings suggest that both approaches are essential, but the one that is widely used by developers and preferred by students is OOAD, and thus should be given priority when it comes to structured analysis and design. As such, curriculum designers and institutions of higher learning, particularly those offering system analysis and design and related courses, should make the necessary changes to the existing curriculum such that the academic programs offered will be able to produce highly competent and skilled analysts and designers as required by the industry.

Green Airport Investments to Mitigate Externalities

2017 ◽  
pp. 231-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Nadia Postorino ◽  
Luca Mantecchini ◽  
Filippo Paganelli
Keyword(s):  
General Framework ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Global Level ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Air Transport Industry ◽  
The Status ◽  
Land Consumption ◽  
Optimal Procedures

Transport systems are important pollution sources, mainly in terms of greenhouse gases, noise and land consumption. To mitigate the problem and safeguard airport development at the same time, the involved stakeholders are fixing goals, priorities and duties in order to promote the sustainable development of the air transport industry at global level and the wellness of local communities as well. It is desirable to estimate airport noise and carbon impacts in order to suitably manage them and identify strategies in line with the concept of green economy. In this chapter, a general framework to identify optimal procedures and methods to evaluate the effectiveness of policies addressed to reduce airport impacts on the airport surroundings is proposed. The case study of the airport of Bologna is presented as an example of Transport Company that effectively operates to minimize its noise and carbon impacts. According to the proposed general framework, impacts and estimated costs to achieve the status of green company have been computed.

Employees' Protection

2018 ◽  
pp. 1133-1152
Author(s):  
Chrysi Chrysochou ◽  
Ioannis Iglezakis
Keyword(s):  
Data Protection ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Dominant Position ◽  
Digital Workplace ◽  
Surveillance Technology ◽  
Workplace Surveillance

This chapter describes the conflict between employers' legitimate rights and employees' right to privacy and data protection as a result of the shift in workplace surveillance from a non-digital to a technologically advanced one. Section 1 describes the transition from non-digital workplace surveillance to an Internet-centred one, where “smart” devices are in a dominant position. Section 2 focuses on the legal framework (supranational and national legislation and case law) of workplace surveillance. In section 3, one case study regarding wearable technology and the law is carried out to prove that national and European legislation are not adequate to deal with all issues and ambiguities arising from the use of novel surveillance technology at work. The chapter concludes by noting that the adoption of sector specific legislation for employees' protection is necessary, but it would be incomplete without a general framework adopting modern instruments of data protection.

Virtualization in Practice

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 90-104
Author(s):  
Eduardo Correia
Keyword(s):  
Higher Learning ◽  
Virtual Networks ◽  
Active Directory ◽  
Learning Institutions ◽  
Specific Scenario ◽  
The Way

Virtualization has the potential to revolutionise the way networking is taught in higher learning institutions. This article outlines, through the use of a case study, the way in which VMware Workstation and VMware ESX Server are used so that each student in the class runs his or her own set of seven virtual servers, including a Linux router. The Linux router connects virtual networks within the context of student physical machines to one another as well as a lecturer virtual server, which runs on an ESX server. In this way, a class of twenty two students can together run an enterprise-like network comprising of some 177 servers and implement Microsoft Active Directory sites and associated services in order to optimize a specific scenario-based replication topology.

scholarly journals TOWARDS BEST PRACTICES IN THE ENGINEER-TO-ORDER BUSINESS: A FRAMEWORK FOR THE STRUCTURED ANALYSIS OF COMMISSIONING PROCESSES

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1017-1026
Author(s):  
G. O. Mueller ◽  
C. A. Bertram ◽  
N. H. Mortensen
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Structured Analysis ◽  
Engineer To Order ◽  
Customer Demands

AbstractEngineer-To-Order (ETO) companies develop complex one-of-a-kind products based on specific customer demands. Given the product uniqueness, the commissioning plays an important role in the product development process. However, the project variety and low data availability hinder the analysis of the commissioning processes. This paper proposes a framework for the structured analysis of commissioning processes in ETO companies by analysing the impacts from product requirements and design on the commissioning performance. A case study presents the practical application of the developed framework.

Barrier Analysis of Emergency Disconnect on DP Mobile Offshore Drilling Units

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haibo Chen ◽  
Tommy Bauge ◽  
Lorents Reinås ◽  
Paul Landeråen
Keyword(s):  
Event Tree ◽  
Offshore Drilling ◽  
Tree Model ◽  
Barrier Analysis ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Calculated Risk ◽  
Sensitivity Studies ◽  
Reduction Effect ◽  
Norwegian Continental Shelf

Abstract Technical, operational and organization barrier elements related to the emergency disconnect on dynamically positioned mobile offshore drilling units on the Norwegian Continental Shelf are identified. Position loss scenarios are analyzed based on the published station-keeping incidents by IMCA (International Marine Contractors Association). How these barrier elements may fail in different types of position loss scenarios are addressed qualitatively and quantitatively in an event tree model. A case study is provided in the paper and notational probability of failure to disconnect given position loss is calculated. Risk reduction effect of various barrier elements are investigated by sensitivity studies. The paper provides insights into risk given position loss and failure of emergency disconnect on DP MODUs. It offers decision support for risk management of DP drilling and well operations in shallow water and harsh environment.

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