Classification of Interacting Electronic Topological Insulators in Three Dimensions

Echolocating bats perceive the surrounding environment by processing echoes of their ultrasound emissions. Echolocation enables bats to avoid colliding with external objects in complete darkness. In this study, we sought to develop a method for measuring the collective behavior of echolocating bats (Miniopterus fuliginosus) emerging from their roost cave using high-sensitivity stereo-camera recording. First, we developed an experimental system to reconstruct the three-dimensional (3D) flight trajectories of bats emerging from the roost for nightly foraging. Next, we developed a method to automatically track the 3D flight paths of individual bats so that quantitative estimation of the population in proportion to the behavioral classification could be conducted. Because the classification of behavior and the estimation of population size are ecologically important indices, the method established in this study will enable quantitative investigation of how individual bats efficiently leave the roost while avoiding colliding with each other during group movement and how the group behavior of bats changes according to weather and environmental conditions. Such high-precision detection and tracking will contribute to the elucidation of the algorithm of group behavior control in creatures that move in groups together in three dimensions, such as birds.

Download Full-text

A Semiotic Model of Multimedia

Design and Management of Multimedia Information Systems ◽

10.4018/978-1-930708-00-6.ch001 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 1-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Helen C. Purchase ◽

Daniel Naumann

Keyword(s):

Multimedia Communication ◽

Model Error ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Multimedia Model ◽

Semiotic Model ◽

Perceived Difficulty ◽

Media Objects ◽

Practical Investigation

Models of multimedia communication are attempts to classify the numerous types of media objects available, and to provide a basis for the use of unambiguous terminology in a new and expanding field. Many of these models are products of theory, rather then practical investigation, and few have been empirically studied to assess their suitability. This chapter firstly presents a novel multimedia model (called TOMUS) which is based on a common classification of semiotic representational systems, and uses three dimensions of sign, syntax and modality. By separating the classification of the nature of the text to be communicated from the nature of the technology or interaction, the model provides a focussed terminology for consistent and appropriate discussion about multimedia texts. The chapter also reports on an experiment which investigated the understandability of the dimensions comprising TOMUS. The experiment entailed subjects classifying various media objects according to the TOMUS model. Error and perceived difficulty data were collected; analysis of this data revealed which of the categories are the most difficult to comprehend. Suggestions are made as to the causes of these difficulties, and recommendations as to how the model might be correspondingly altered are proposed.

Download Full-text

Classification of topological insulators and superconductors in three spatial dimensions

Physical Review B ◽

10.1103/physrevb.78.195125 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 78 (19) ◽

Cited By ~ 1883

Author(s):

Andreas P. Schnyder ◽

Shinsei Ryu ◽

Akira Furusaki ◽

Andreas W. W. Ludwig

Keyword(s):

Topological Insulators ◽

Spatial Dimensions

Download Full-text

Organizational propaganda on the Internet: A systematic review

Public Relations Inquiry ◽

10.1177/2046147x19870844 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 103-127

Author(s):

Irina Lock ◽

Ramona Ludolph

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Public Relations ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

The Internet ◽

Mutual Understanding ◽

Digital Environment ◽

Primary Research ◽

Communicative Acts ◽

Digital Channels

The digital environment alters the way organizations use propaganda and facilitates its spread. This development calls for an outline of the features of propaganda by organizations on the Internet and to reconsider where public relations (PR) stops and propaganda begins. By means of a systematic review of primary research on organizational propaganda online, we propose a definition and describe the ‘five Ws’ of digital organizational propaganda: who employs propaganda, to whom, on which channels, which media are used (where), the objectives of the propaganda strategy (why), and in which contexts it occurs (when). Contrary to the offline setting, organizations engaging in propaganda online do not hide their identity and primarily address (potential) followers with the goal to change attitudes. Based on our findings, we propose a classification of digital organizational propaganda along three dimensions: ethical versus unethical, mutual understanding versus persuasion, and direct versus indirect communication. Digital organizational propaganda is defined as the direct persuasive communicative acts by organizations with an unethical (i.e. untruthful, inauthentic, disrespectful, or unequal) intent through digital channels. Thus, this study addresses the imbalance between the growing primary research on digital propaganda, the missing definition, and the lacking systematic empirical overview of propaganda’s digital characteristics.

Download Full-text

Classification of evidence in decision-analytic models of cost-effectiveness: A content analysis of published reports

International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care ◽

10.1017/s026646231000098x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 458-462 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Suzy Paisley

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Methodological Approach ◽

Model Development ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Model Parameters ◽

Modeling Framework ◽

Diverse Range ◽

Analytic Models

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess systematically the scope of evidence and purposes for which evidence is used in decision-analytic models of cost-effectiveness and to assess the implications for search methods.Methods: A content analysis of published reports of models was undertaken. Details of cited sources were extracted and categorized according to three dimensions; type of information provided by the evidence, type of source from which the evidence was drawn and type of modeling activity supported by the evidence. The analysis was used to generate a classification of evidence. Relationships within and between the categories within the classification were sought and the implications for searching considered.Results: The classification generated fourteen types of information, seven types of sources of evidence and five modeling activities supported by evidence. A broad range of evidence was identified drawn from a diverse range of sources including both research-based and non–research-based sources. The use of evidence was not restricted to the population of model parameters but was used to inform the development of the modeling framework and to justify the analytical and methodological approach.Conclusions: Decision-analytic models use evidence to support all aspects of model development. The classification of evidence defines in depth the role of evidence in modeling. It can be used to inform the systematic identification of evidence.

Download Full-text