scholarly journals The November 2017Mw5.5 Pohang earthquake: A possible case of induced seismicity in South Korea

Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 360 (6392) ◽  
pp. 1003-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Grigoli ◽  
S. Cesca ◽  
A. P. Rinaldi ◽  
A. Manconi ◽  
J. A. López-Comino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Induced Seismicity ◽  
Geothermal System ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Enhanced Geothermal System ◽  
Causal Factors ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Shed Light

The moment magnitude (Mw) 5.5 earthquake that struck South Korea in November 2017 was one of the largest and most damaging events in that country over the past century. Its proximity to an enhanced geothermal system site, where high-pressure hydraulic injection had been performed during the previous 2 years, raises the possibility that this earthquake was anthropogenic. We have combined seismological and geodetic analyses to characterize the mainshock and its largest aftershocks, constrain the geometry of this seismic sequence, and shed light on its causal factors. According to our analysis, it seems plausible that the occurrence of this earthquake was influenced by the aforementioned industrial activities. Finally, we found that the earthquake transferred static stress to larger nearby faults, potentially increasing the seismic hazard in the area.

Assessing whether the 2017Mw5.4 Pohang earthquake in South Korea was an induced event

Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 360 (6392) ◽  
pp. 1007-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwang-Hee Kim ◽  
Jin-Han Ree ◽  
YoungHee Kim ◽  
Sungshil Kim ◽  
Su Young Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Fault Zone ◽  
Geophysical Data ◽  
Moment Magnitude ◽  
Geothermal System ◽  
Enhanced Geothermal System ◽  
Geothermal Power Plant ◽  
Induced Earthquake ◽  
The Moment

The moment magnitude (Mw) 5.4 Pohang earthquake, the most damaging event in South Korea since instrumental seismic observation began in 1905, occurred beneath the Pohang geothermal power plant in 2017. Geological and geophysical data suggest that the Pohang earthquake was induced by fluid from an enhanced geothermal system (EGS) site, which was injected directly into a near-critically stressed subsurface fault zone. The magnitude of the mainshock makes it the largest known induced earthquake at an EGS site.

Introduction

2011 ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Anne Billson
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Film Festival ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Right ◽  
World Premiere

This chapter introduces the Swedish vampire film, Låt den rätte komma (Let the Right One In), which not only stands out from contemporary vampire films, but ranks among the very best vampire movies of the past century. The chapter mentions director Tomas Alfredson and screenwriter John Ajvide Lindqvist, who adapted Låt den rätte komma from his own novel of the same name. It also mentions a song by the lugubrious British rock singer-songwriter Morrissey as Lindqvist's inspiration for the title of his novel 'Let the Right One Slip In'. It recounts Let the Right One In's world premiere on 26 January 2008 at the Göteborg International Film Festival in Sweden and screening at other festivals in Europe, North America, Australia and South Korea. The chapter explains why Let the Right One In stands head and shoulders above other recent horror movies like Twilight from 2008.

scholarly journals The Threat to Rare Animals in Borneo

Oryx ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Harrisson
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
Human Agency ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Clouded Leopard ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Orang Utan

In Borneo and the surrounding islands competition by introduced faunas has not proved a significant factor affecting the survival of endemic species. Without exception, any threat has, in the past century and more, been invariably and directly attributable to human agency. Man, for instance, is the only predator of the Sumatran rhinoceros, Orang-utan, Clouded leopard, Argus and Bulwer's pheasant, White-bellied Sea-eagle and Island Megapode, which are among the forms most severely threatened at the moment.

scholarly journals Methodical aspects of the montbeliarde breed gene pool in Ukraine creation

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
A. P. Krugliak ◽  
T. O. Krugliak ◽  
A. A. Kirii
Keyword(s):  
Gene Pool ◽  
The Body ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Breeding Stock ◽  
The Past ◽  
Productivity Indices ◽  
Complex Forms ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Individual Fixation ◽  
Selection Of

The methodical aspects of the Montbeliarde breed gene pool in Ukraine are presented. The evaluation and selection of animals was carried out on the basis of the dairy productivity and tribal value of the ancestors, the type of exteriors, the overall development of the body, the period of cohort, and also the parentage. Selected and brought 100 heads of the cows of the Monglereid breed. As a result of growth, development, the type of body structure, the animals corresponded to the standard of breed requirements and were pregnant for 3–4 months. The parents type productivity indices (ISU) was 98–147. More than 50% of them were ranked in the top 20 best breeders. The milk productivity of the heifers mathers on 305 days of the first lactation ranged from 5300 to 9100 kg of milk, with a fat content of 3.9–4.4% and a protein of 3.3–3.7%.Genealogical structure of the herd (100 cows and 64 heifers, which were obtained at the farm PLAE "Zhatkivske") is represented by 5 genealogical bloodlines. The most numerous is the bloodline Charmant – Ideal – Helios 15.421 (26 cows and 13 heifers). The Charvant sire was quite widely used in the breeding stock virtually of all bloodlines. This line is developed through the bulls Corail 3971002640, Cardian 7191071104106 and Isangrin 6393018001 (scheme 1). No less numerous is the Pirates 11,695 (25 caws and 6 heifers) bloodline, which has two powerful sublines: Novac 17136 and Tabarin 3967923962. The development of these independent branches continues through the bulls: Rhum 7080007171, Ezozo 0189014533 Martien 7176060311 Cantadou, Verglas 3984014417, Leguyer 7495022208, Bois Levin 0186006232.From the genealogical bloodline Oceano 11594 have been 23 caws selected, from which already 13 heifers were received. The bloodline has been developed through the bulls: Faucon 3990016792, Natif 3997030107, Oxalin 2598012281. Oxbou. Based on the old bloodline Ideal 9128, a new bloodline Osiris – Orkan 78315, is developed through the bulls: Lusignan, Jardin 2574010156, Tilleul 3912920526, Boulogne 7086000198 and represented by 15 individuals.The most numerous in the past century in the breed, the Bravo 12.571 bloodline has narrowed significantly and is currently developing only through the branch Debount 2572016541, his sons: Tafia 2582003300 and Tartars 7082004021 and their grandsons: Polichinel 2199011839, Maldini 1596099083 and others. At the moment, it's a disappearing bloodline, so the best bulls as Ezozo 0189014533, Bois Le Vin 0186006232 and the most promising bulls from Pirate 11.695 bloodline are used widely on the cows of this line. The farm brought 6 heavens of this line, from which 3 daughters were taken. In order to prevent the rapid growth of inbreeding, in recent years, in the breed used cross the most distant lines. The average expectation of 31 firstborns for 305 days of lactation in the PLAE "Zhatkivske" was 7298 (limits 6544–8839) kg.Thus, the breeding stock imported into the PLAE "Zhatkivskoe" is rather high-yielding and reflects the gene pool of the Monglereid breed. A plan for individual fixation, which is implemented in the herd, is developed to provide linear breeding, which in the complex forms the basis for the creation of the Monglereid breeder.

scholarly journals The importance of earthquake interactions for injection‐induced seismicity: Retrospective modeling of the Basel Enhanced Geothermal System

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 4992-4999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flaminia Catalli ◽  
Antonio P. Rinaldi ◽  
Valentin Gischig ◽  
Massimo Nespoli ◽  
Stefan Wiemer
Keyword(s):  
Induced Seismicity ◽  
Geothermal System ◽  
Enhanced Geothermal System

scholarly journals RUSSIAN ADVERB DAVNO ‚LONG AGO, FOR A LONG TIME‘ REVISITED FROM A CORPUS PERSPECTIVE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Yanko ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Imperfective Aspect ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wh Questions ◽  
Multimodal Corpus ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Unique Parameter ◽  
Communicative Structure ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Shed Light

During the last twenty years, the Russian adverb davno ‘long ago, for a long time’ was widely discussed in literature. It was recognized that the unique parameter of davno is its inability to be the theme of a sentence. Moreover, if davno functions in the context of aspectual forms relating to the past it can only be the rheme. In the context of the aspectual verbal forms relating to the past but preserving the connection with the moment of speech, davno can be either the rheme proper, or a component of the rheme. A classic example of an aspectual verb form referring to the past is the general factual meaning of the imperfective aspect. At present, the spoken data corpora can shed light on the communicative structure analysis, since the prosodic structure of the sound speech provides a straightforward access to the communicative structure. Novel parameters of davno are as follows. 1) Whereas davno is traditionally recognized as a word of rhematic polarity it can nevertheless function as a component of the theme in the context of attributive clauses and constructions (Davno soglasovannyj visit dolzhen byl sostojatjsja v aprele ‘A visit planned long ago would take place in April’). 2) The general factual meaning of the imperfective aspect, contrary to what was assumed before, is not an absolute prerequisite for davno to function as the rheme. The spoken corpus showed that in the context of negation and in the context of the verbs of speech, the general factual allows for davno to function as a component of the rheme but not the rheme proper (Ja davno tebja ne videl ‘I have not been seeing you for a long time’; My davno govorili, chto nasha zadacha — eto borjba s terrorismom ‘We have been insisting for a long time that our main goal is the struggle against terrorism’). 3) A specific type of questions with the initial davno (as well as with other adverbs with the meaning of a considerable quantity like chasto ‘often’, mnogo ‘much’, and daleko ‘far away’) is singled out. Such questions cannot be unambiguously classified either as yes-no-questions or as wh-questions (I davno vy zdesj stoite? ‘And how long are you staying here?’). A description of unique prosody of such questions is given. 4) In the context of discourse continuity, davno acquires the rising prosody which is in fact uncharacteristic of a word, which is unable be the theme (Xotel eto sdelat’ davno, no teperj sdelaju tochno ‘I wished to do it long ago, but now I will do it for sure’). The rising tone is accounted for by the meaning of continuity, which has the same prosody as the theme. 5) In constructions kogda-to davno ‘once upon a time’, ochenj davno ‘very long ago’, davno-davno ‘very long ago’, davnymdavno ‘very long ago’, dovoljno davno ‘quite long ago’, ne tak davno ‘not so long ago’ davno loses its rhematic polarity. The parameters of davno are exemplified by spoken fragments taken from the Multimodal corpus of the Russian National corpus, and the minor working collection of the Russian speech recordings specifically set up for this investigation. The software program Praat was used in the process of analyzing the sound data.

The *amn'tgap: The view from West Yorkshire

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUDITH M. BROADBENT
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Standard English ◽  
Past Century ◽  
First Person ◽  
British English ◽  
Repair Strategy ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Negative Form

The absence ofI amn'tfor the first person singular present tense negative form is taken to indicate that there is a gap in the paradigm. Recent accounts take a morphosyntactic approach and phonology is largely ignored. Such accounts typically focus on contemporary forms of Standard English. This paper, in contrast, compares nineteenth-century and contemporary West Yorkshire (WY) aux+n'tforms and pursues a largely phonological solution. The paper sets out to demonstrate that WY has never had a *amn'tgap and that changes over the past century shed light on the *amn'tgap problem. Contemporary WY is known to exhibit a phenomenon called secondary contraction, wherebyshouldn't[ʃʊdʔ], for example, may be pronounced [ʃunʔ]. I argue that secondary contraction is responsible for the creation of homophones foramn'tandaren't: [aːnt]/[aːt]. I will consider the possibility that certain aux+n'tforms have become lexicalised and that this has triggered secondary contraction as a phonological repair strategy. With the analysis of WY data as a backdrop, the paper then pursues the possibility that lexicalisation may have occurred, at a much earlier date, in precursors of Standard British English (SBE). Indeed, it seems plausible that homophony foramn'tandaren'tmay have led to prescription against new realisations ofamn't. The paper will show that grammaticallyamn'thas evolved in exactly the same way as other auxn'tforms, and it is only commentators who have treated it differently. If this is so, the *amn'tgap in SBE is man-made rather than grammatical in nature.

Innovative Uses of Wave Power: Environmental Management of the Port of Ensenada, Mexico

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 74-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Czitrom ◽  
Ismael Núñez ◽  
Isabel Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Wave Power ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
National University ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
Shed Light

Over the past century, the water and sediments of the port of Ensenada, México, have accumulated a lot of pollution from human activities. Although present day restrictive measures inhibit any further accumulation, the existing aggregation in the sediments is sufficient to maintain high levels of contamination throughout the port, despite the flushing action of the tides. A SIBEO (SIBEO is an acronym for the Spanish SIstema de Bombeo por Energía de Oleaje) wave-driven seawater pump recently developed at the National University of Mexico is proposed to inject clean and oxygen rich seawater from outside the port to promote flushing in the more stagnant sections of the harbour. Results from a numerical model of the port hydrodynamics shed light on why the tides cannot on their own adequately flush the system, and how the wave-driven seawater pump will help to promote ventilation. Over the next 4 years, a cluster of SIBEO pumps is proposed to be installed on the Ensenada breakwater to inject unpolluted seawater at various locations in the port. A programme will be carried out to study the effects on the water column and sediments, in this first full-scale application of the SIBEO.

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