Identification of Chemical Elements in Tea Leaves and Calculation of Plasma Parameters using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 744-749
Author(s):  
S. Fareed ◽  
K. Siraj ◽  
Sami ul Haq ◽  
Z. Ahmad ◽  
R. Ahsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Tea Leaves ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

scholarly journals Influence of Lead on the Interpretation of Bone Samples with Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Abdolhamed Shahedi ◽  
Esmaeil Eslami ◽  
Mohammad Reza Nourani
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Temperature ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Group A ◽  
Atomic Lines ◽  
Group B

This study is devoted to tracing and identifying the elements available in bone sample using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS). The bone samples were prepared from the thigh of laboratory rats, which consumed 325.29 g/mol lead acetate having 4 mM concentration in specified time duration. About 76 atomic lines have been analyzed and we found that the dominant elements are Ca I, Ca II, Mg I, Mg II, Fe I, and Fe II. Temperature curve and bar graph were drawn to compare bone elements of group B which consumed lead with normal group, group A, in the same laboratory conditions. Plasma parameters including plasma temperature and electron density were determined by considering Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium (LTE) condition in the plasma. An inverse relationship has been detected between lead absorption and elements like Calcium and Magnesium absorption comparing elemental values for both the groups.

Measurement of Plasma Parameters of Fe-Lines in Lipstick Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
M.H. Asmaa ◽  
Sami A. Habana
Keyword(s):  
Electron Temperature ◽  
Debye Length ◽  
Nuclear Data ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Current Investigation ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Business Sectors

Electron thickness and temperature of laser prompted Iron plasma boundaries, among different boundaries, were estimated. Plasma was delivered through the connection of high pinnacle power Nd: YAG laser at the key frequency of 1064 nm with a pellet target contains a limited quantity of lipstick from nearby business sectors. Lines from Fe II at 238.502 nm, Fe II at 254.904 nm, Fe II at 262.370 nm, Fe II at 286.545 nm and Fe I at 349.779 nm were utilized to assess the plasma boundaries. The current investigation was completed to assess electron temperature (Te), electron thickness (ne), plasma recurrence, Debye length and Debye number (ND). Laser-incited breakdown spectroscopy LIBS method was used for examining and deciding ghastly discharge lines. ID of change lines from all spectra was completed by contrasting ghostly lines and NIST nuclear data set.

scholarly journals Magnetic field effect on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and surface modifications of germanium at various fluences

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Iftikhar ◽  
S. Bashir ◽  
A. Dawood ◽  
M. Akram ◽  
A. Hayat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electron Temperature ◽  
Surface Modifications ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Excitation Temperature ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
The Magnetic Field

AbstractThe effect of the transverse magnetic field on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and surface modifications of germanium (Ge) has been investigated at various fluences. Ge targets were exposed to Nd: YAG laser pulses (1064 nm, 10 ns, 1 Hz) at different fluences ranging from 3 to 25.6 J/cm2 to generate Ge plasma under argon environment at a pressure of 50 Torr. The magnetic field of strength 0.45 Tesla perpendicular to the direction of plasma expansion was employed by using two permanent magnets. The emission spectra of laser-induced Ge plasma was detected by the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system. The electron temperature and number density of Ge plasma are evaluated by using the Boltzmann plot and stark broadening methods, respectively. The variations in emission intensity, electron temperature (Te), and number density (ne) of Germanium plasma are explored at various fluences, with and without employment of the magnetic field. It is observed that the magnetic field is responsible for significant enhancement of both excitation temperature and number density at all fluences. It is revealed that an excitation temperature increases from Te,max,without B = 16,190 to Te,max,with B = 20,123 K. Similarly, the two times enhancement in the electron density is observed from ne,max,without B = 2 × 1018 to ne,max,with B = 4 × 1018 cm−3. The overall enhancement in Ge plasma parameters in the presence of the magnetic field is attributed to the Joule heating effect and adiabatic compression. With increasing fluence both plasma parameters increase and achieve their maxima at a fluence of 12.8 J/cm2 and then decrease. In order to correlate the plasma parameters with surface modification, scanning electron microscope analysis of irradiated Ge was performed. Droplets and cones are formed for both cases. However, the growth of ridges and distinctness of features is more pronounced in case of the absence of the magnetic field; whereas surface structures become more diffusive in the presence of the magnetic field.

Corrections for variable plasma parameters in laser induced breakdown spectroscopy: Application on archeological samples

2016 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 103-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Lazic ◽  
A. Trujillo-Vazquez ◽  
H. Sobral ◽  
C. Márquez ◽  
A. Palucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

scholarly journals Extracting Time-Resolved Information from Time-Integrated Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectra

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuela Grifoni ◽  
Stefano Legnaioli ◽  
Marco Lezzerini ◽  
Giulia Lorenzetti ◽  
Stefano Pagnotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulse ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Spectral Information ◽  
Acquisition Time ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) data are characterized by a strong dependence on the acquisition time after the onset of the laser plasma. However, time-resolved broadband spectrometers are expensive and often not suitable for being used in portable LIBS instruments. In this paper we will show how the analysis of a series of LIBS spectra, taken at different delays after the laser pulse, allows the recovery of time-resolved spectral information. The comparison of such spectra is presented for the analysis of an aluminium alloy. The plasma parameters (electron temperature and number density) are evaluated, starting from the time-integrated and time-resolved spectra, respectively. The results are compared and discussed.

scholarly journals Qualitative and Quantitative Characterisation of Minor Chemical Elements in Diesel Particulate Matter by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Richard Viskup ◽  
Christoph Wolf ◽  
Werner Baumgartner
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Diesel Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Passenger Vehicles ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

In this research, we investigate the minor chemical elements contained in the diesel particulate matter (DPM) exhaust emissions, generated by in-use diesel engine passenger vehicles. For this purpose, we apply a high-resolution optical emission spectroscopy technique, for precise spectrochemical analysis of diesel particulate matter. By means of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) analytical method, we qualitatively and quantitatively characterise detected minor chemical elements in DPM. Particulate matter samples were obtained from in-use diesel engine passenger vehicles of diverse types and models from major brand car producers in Europe. We analysed particulate matter, extracted from the exhaust manifold part, from vehicles, which are used in daily life environment. The LIBS technique has revealed the presence of minor chemical elements in DPM -silicon, nickel, titan, potassium, strontium, and molybdenum with diverse concentrations.

Identification of Contamination Levels and the Microstructure of Metal Injection Moulded Titanium

2016 ◽  
Vol 704 ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Ewart ◽  
Harrisson Jull ◽  
Rainer Künnemeyer ◽  
Peter N. Schaare
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Injection Moulding ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Metal Powders ◽  
Microscopy Imaging ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Injection Moulding Process ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Electron Dispersion

The chemical elements used in the binder system for the injection moulding of titanium metal powders will change the final composition when not adequately controlled. Excess levels of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen adversly effect the mechanical properties by embrittlement. Before sintering debinding is done to remove the maximum possible amount binder thereby ensuring residual carbon levels are minimal. Testing the mechanical properties of samples can acknowledge deficiencies in the final part however, identification of the nature of the deficiencies is not so simple.In this work titanium-based metal parts were made using the metal injection moulding process and the microstructure was inspected. The investigation used scanning electron microscopy imaging, electron dispersion spectroscopy point and area mapping, LECO trace analysis and X-ray diffraction elemental mapping. Following this samples were ground and polished before immersing their surfaces in an etching solution to further expose the microstructure. Although the data collected from debinding indicated the binder had been removed prior to sintering contamination was still evident. This result showed that the traditional means of reporting binder levels in proportion to part mass after debinding is inaccurate. Subsequently laser induced breakdown spectroscopy was trialed as a method by which to determine the binder levels for parts in the green, grey, brown and sintered form.Interstitial carbon is a known alpha stabiliser however excess carbon on particle surfaces may impinge on particle coalesence limiting density levels. Comparison of the part mass method of binder determination with the laser induced breakdown spectroscopy results showed that the mass determination method was more accurate for the green and grey parts but the laser induced breakdown spectroscopy results were able to detect the residual binder more accurately for brown and sintered parts.

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