Cache Valley virus: isolations from mosquitoes in Saskatchewan, 1972–1974

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 760-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. Iversen ◽  
R. J. Wagner ◽  
M. K. Leung ◽  
L. B. Hayles ◽  
J. R. McLintock
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Culex Tarsalis ◽  
Cache Valley Virus ◽  
Cache Valley ◽  
Culiseta Inornata ◽  
Minimum Vector

Eighteen isolations of Cache Valley virus (Bunyaviridae) were obtained from a total of 113 694 mosquitoes collected in Saskatchewan during the summers of 1972 to 1974. Most of the isolations were from mosquitoes collected during August. Culiseta inornata, the most abundant mosquito (38% of total collected), had the highest minimum vector-infection rate (0.83 isolations per 1000 mosquitoes). The virus was also isolated from Culex tarsalis and Aedes texans. It is indicated in the isolations that the prairie grasslands of the province are enzootic for Cache Valley virus.

Cache Valley virus: experimental infection in Culiseta inornata

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda C. Corner ◽  
Audrei K. Robertson ◽  
Lance B. Hayles ◽  
John O. Iversen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Meal ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Experimental Demonstration ◽  
Female Progeny ◽  
Cache Valley Virus ◽  
Suckling Mice ◽  
Cache Valley ◽  
Culiseta Inornata ◽  
Minimum Infection Rate

Experiments were conducted to examine the dynamics of Cache Valley virus in Culiseta inornata, the probable chief vector of the virus. Of about 1500 laboratory reared C. inornata exposed to viraemic suckling mice, 72 took a blood meal. A relatively high percentage (93%) of the latter mosquitoes became infected. The virus increased more than 100-fold in the experimentally infected mosquitoes. The increasing viral titres were noticed after 7 days and after 15 days. Peak titres averaged 105.0 (mean suckling mouse intracerebral lethal dose) SMICLD50/0.02 mL. The infected mosquitoes had peak titres until at least 35 days after the mosquitoes ingested blood from infected suckling mice. A single transmission of virus by bite occurred 30 days after the viraemic blood meal. Transovarial transmission was demonstrated. In two experiments, 3.3 and 2.9% of infected mosquitoes transovarially transmitted Cache Valley virus to both male and female progeny. The minimum infection rate for the progeny was 2.05/1000 mosquitoes. This is the first reported experimental demonstration of transovarian transmission in a species of mosquito which overwinters as an adult. The role of transovarian transmission in the natural maintenance of Cache Valley virus remains undetermined.

scholarly journals Culex tarsalis is a competent vector species for Cache Valley virus

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria B. Ayers ◽  
Yan-Jang S. Huang ◽  
Amy C. Lyons ◽  
So Lee Park ◽  
Stephen Higgs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culex Tarsalis ◽  
Vector Species ◽  
Cache Valley Virus ◽  
Cache Valley

scholarly journals Second Human Case of Cache Valley Virus Disease

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 854-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant L. Campbell ◽  
James D. Mataczynski ◽  
Erik S. Reisdorf ◽  
James W. Powell ◽  
Denise A. Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Disease ◽  
Human Case ◽  
Cache Valley Virus ◽  
Cache Valley

scholarly journals A novel cause of chronic viral meningoencephalitis: Cache Valley virus

2017 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Wilson ◽  
Dan Suan ◽  
Andrew Duggins ◽  
Ryan D. Schubert ◽  
Lillian M. Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cache Valley Virus ◽  
Cache Valley

Cache Valley Virus in the Del Mar Va Peninsula

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Yuill ◽  
Patrick H. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Cache Valley Virus ◽  
Cache Valley

Cache Valley Virus in the Del Mar Va Peninsula

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Yuill ◽  
Edward L. Buescher ◽  
Michael J. Collins ◽  
Francis R. Lucas ◽  
William S. Gochenour
Keyword(s):  
Cache Valley Virus ◽  
Cache Valley

Nucleotide sequencing and serologic analysis of Cache Valley virus isolates from the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico

Virus Genes ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley J. Blitvich ◽  
Maria A. Loroño-Pino ◽  
Julian E. Garcia-Rejon ◽  
Jose A. Farfan-Ale ◽  
Karin S. Dorman
Keyword(s):  
Yucatan Peninsula ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
Cache Valley Virus ◽  
Cache Valley ◽  
Yucatán Peninsula ◽  
Virus Isolates

scholarly journals LABORATORY TRANSMISSION OF WESTERN EQUINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS BY MOSQUITOES OF THE GENERA CULEX AND CULISETA

1943 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 425-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. McD. Hammon ◽  
W. C. Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Culex Tarsalis ◽  
Epidemiologic Evidence ◽  
Anopheles Maculipennis ◽  
Encephalomyelitis Virus ◽  
Culiseta Inornata ◽  
Western Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus ◽  
Culex Stigmatosoma ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Culiseta Incidens

1. Western equine virus has been successfully transmitted in the laboratory by 3 species of mosquitoes from 2 genera not previously reported as laboratory vectors: Culex tarsalis, Culiseta inornata, and Culiseta incidens. 2. Though transmission was not demonstrated, survival of the virus for more than a few days was shown to occur in Culex stigmatosoma and Psorophora confinnis. Possibly transmission occurred by the former. 3. In experiments with Culex tarsalis, infection of the mosquitoes occurred from feeding on an inoculated guinea pig, a duck, and virus-blood suspensions. After an incubation period of 10 to 30 days at a temperature above 25°C. these mosquitoes infected chickens and a guinea pig by their bite and virus was in turn demonstrated in the blood of the chickens and in the brain of the guinea pig. A total of 12 transmissions occurred. The fact that mosquitoes can be infected from fowl and in turn transmit to fowl, together with much other supporting data from field and laboratory, is interpreted as strengthening evidence that fowl serve as reservoirs of virus in nature. 4. Since Culex tarsalis mosquitoes have been repeatedly found infected with Western equine virus and epidemiologic evidence supports their incrimination, the vector rôle of this species is now established, and it may be regarded as fully incriminated. 5. Culiseta inornata has also been found infected in nature and now proven a laboratory vector. This species does not fit the epidemiological picture in the Yakima Valley as well as C. tarsalis, but may play an important rôle elsewhere. 6. Anopheles maculipennis freeborni and Culex pipiens found naturally infected have not transmitted the virus under laboratory conditions.

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