scholarly journals Nuclear Effects in Neutrino Interactions and Their Impact on the Determination of Oscillation Parameters

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Benhar ◽  
Noemi Rocco
Keyword(s):  
Neutrino Oscillation ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Impulse Approximation ◽  
Neutrino Energy ◽  
Long Baseline ◽  
Nuclear Effects ◽  
The Impact

The quantitative description of the effects of nuclear dynamics on the measured neutrino-nucleus cross sections—needed to reduce the systematic uncertainty of long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments—involves severe difficulties. Owing to the uncertainty on the incoming neutrino energy, different reaction mechanisms contribute to the cross section measured at fixed energy and scattering angle of the outgoing lepton, and must therefore be consistently taken into account within a unified model. We research the theoretical approach based on the impulse approximation and the use of realistic nucleon spectral functions, allowing one to describe a variety of reaction mechanisms active in the broad kinematical range covered by neutrino experiments. The extension of this scheme to include more complex mechanisms involving the two-nucleon currents, which are believed to be important, is also outlined. The impact of nuclear effects on the determination of neutrino oscillation parameters is illustrated by analyzing the problem of neutrino energy reconstruction.

scholarly journals Design and Diagnostics of High-Precision Accelerator Neutrino Beams

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1644
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Charitonidis ◽  
Andrea Longhin ◽  
Michelangelo Pari ◽  
Elisabetta Giulia Parozzi ◽  
Francesco Terranova
Keyword(s):  
Ab Initio ◽  
Neutrino Oscillation ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Neutrino Energy ◽  
Event Reconstruction ◽  
Cent Level ◽  
The Cross

Neutrino oscillation physics has entered a new precision era, which poses major challenges to the level of control and diagnostics of the neutrino beams. In this paper, we review the design of high-precision beams, their current limitations, and the latest techniques envisaged to overcome such limits. We put emphasis on “monitored neutrino beams” and advanced diagnostics to determine the flux and flavor of the neutrinos produced at the source at the per-cent level. We also discuss ab-initio measurements of the neutrino energy–i.e., measurements performed without relying on the event reconstruction at the ν detector–to remove any flux induced bias in the determination of the cross sections.

scholarly journals Nuclear Effects and CP Sensitivity at DUNE

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srishti Nagu ◽  
Jaydip Singh ◽  
Jyotsna Singh ◽  
R. B. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Neutrino Oscillation ◽  
Precise Measurement ◽  
Neutrino Energy ◽  
Final State ◽  
Energy Reconstruction ◽  
Systematic Uncertainties ◽  
Final State Interactions ◽  
Nuclear Effects ◽  
Nuclear Targets

The precise measurement of neutrino-oscillation parameters is one of the highest priorities in neutrino-oscillation physics. To achieve the desired precision, it is necessary to reduce the systematic uncertainties related to neutrino energy reconstruction. An error in energy reconstruction is propagated to all the oscillation parameters; hence, a careful estimation of the neutrino energy is required. To increase the statistics, neutrino-oscillation experiments use heavy nuclear targets like argon (Z=18). The use of these nuclear targets introduces nuclear effects that severely impact the neutrino energy reconstruction which in turn poses influence in the determination of neutrino-oscillation parameters. In this work, we have tried to quantify the presence of nuclear effects on the bounds of the CP phase by DUNE using final state interactions.

NEW RESULTS FROM THE K2K EXPERIMENT

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 3055-3058
Author(s):  
◽  
RICHARD GRAN
Keyword(s):  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Neutrino Oscillation ◽  
Neutrino Energy ◽  
Long Baseline ◽  
Neutrino Oscillation Experiment ◽  
Total Data ◽  
Oscillation Experiment

The K2K long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment has analyzed all data including the period ending in February 2004. The total data sample is from 8.9 × 1019 protons on target. We observe 108 events at the far detector, Super-Kamiokande, when 150.9 + 11.6 - 10.0 were expected. Further, we observe a distortion of the neutrino energy spectrum which is consistent with νμ to ντ oscillation. The probability that we would observe these results if there is no neutrino oscillation is 0.011%, a 3.9 σ significance.

scholarly journals Chemical Reaction Kinematics

1968 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 2080-2083 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Hyatt ◽  
K. Lacmann
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Impulse Approximation ◽  
Reaction Cross ◽  
Molecule Reaction ◽  
Polarization Theory ◽  
Reaction Cross Sections

A Bendix time of flight mass spectrometer has been modified to enable the determination of some ion-molecule reaction cross sections in the energy range 1 — 100 eV.In the reactions studiedX+ + D2 → XD++Dwhere X may be Ar, N2 or CO, the results obtained agree with the predictions of the polarization theory in the range below 10 eV despite the fact that no intermediate complex is formed at these energies. Between about 10—50 eV where spectator stripping occurs the cross section follows an approximate E-l dependence. Above these energies the results are consistent with a transition to a region in which knock-on processes predominate and where an impulse approximation treatment would be valid.

scholarly journals Neutrino non-standard interactions: A status report

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhupal Dev ◽  
K. S. Babu ◽  
Peter Denton ◽  
Pedro Machado ◽  
Carlos A. Argüelles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutrino Oscillation ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Model Building ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
Scattering Data ◽  
Status Report ◽  
Long Baseline ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Neutrino Mass Models

This report summarizes the present status of neutrino non-standard interactions (NSI). After a brief overview, several aspects of NSIs are discussed, including connection to neutrino mass models, model-building and phenomenology of large NSI with both light and heavy mediators, NSI phenomenology in both short- and long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments, neutrino cross-sections, complementarity of NSI with other low- and high-energy experiments, fits with neutrino oscillation and scattering data, DUNE sensitivity to NSI, effective field theory of NSI, as well as the relevance of NSI to dark matter and cosmology. We also discuss the open questions and interesting future directions that can be pursued by the community at large. This report is based on talks and discussions during the Neutrino Theory Network NSI workshop held at Washington University in St.~Louis from May 29-31, 2019

scholarly journals Visibility study of Galileo satellites from a VLBI network

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helene Wolf ◽  
Johannes Böhm ◽  
Matthias Schartner ◽  
Urs Hugentobler
Keyword(s):  
Reference Frames ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Satellite Constellation ◽  
Long Baseline ◽  
Space Geodetic Techniques ◽  
Satellite Scheduling ◽  
Observation Geometry ◽  
The Impact

<p>Over the last years, ideas have been proposed to install a Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) transmitter on one or more satellites of the Galileo constellation. Satellites transmitting signals that can be observed by VLBI telescopes provide the opportunity of extending the current VLBI research with observations to geodetic satellites. These observations offer a variety of new possibilities such as high precision tying of space geodetic techniques but also the direct determination of the absolute orientation of the satellite constellation with respect to the International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF) and have implications on the determination of long-term reference frames. </p><p>This contribution provides a visibility study of the Galileo satellites from a VLBI network. The newly developed satellite scheduling module in VieSched++ is used to determine the time periods during which a satellite is observable from a VLBI network. The possible satellite observations are evaluated through the number of stations from which a satellite is observable. Moreover, the impact on determining the orientation of the satellite constellation, caused by the observation geometry, is investigated with using the UT1-UTC Dilution of Precision (UDOP) factor.</p>

ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF BIOMATERIAL AND THE TECHNOLOGY OF PROSTHETIC CROWNS MANUFACTURING ON THE CONNECTION WITH VENEERING CERAMICS

Tribologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 293 (5) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Anna M. RYNIEWICZ ◽  
Andrzej Ryniewicz ◽  
Łukasz Bojko ◽  
Wojciech Ryniewicz
Keyword(s):  
Penetration Depth ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Layered Structures ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the study is to identify the endurance parameters of prosthetic crowns veneered with dedicated ceramics on metal, glass-ceramic, and ceramic frameworks. Metal frameworks were made using CAD/CAM milling technology and SLM technology, while the glass-ceramic and ceramic frameworks were produced using only the CAD/CAM milling technology. The research materials are samples replicating the layered structures of prosthetic crowns. The veneering procedure must ensure the adhesion of the ceramics to the loadbearing framework. The tests modelling the conditions of concentrated loads during chewing were carried out using the Instron 3345 testing machine. Determination of microhardness in cross-sections through layered structures of crowns was performed using the HMV Micro Hardness Tester. The comparison of force loading the indenter as a function of penetration depth indicates that the value of the maximum depth depends on the configuration of microhardness of the framework and dentine. The zirconium ceramics ZrO2 (3Y-TZP) – veneered with Elephant Sakura silica ceramics – should be indicated as the most advantageous material composition.

scholarly journals Prospects for Neutrino Oscillation Physics

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Pascoli ◽  
Thomas Schwetz
Keyword(s):  
Neutrino Oscillation ◽  
Mass Hierarchy ◽  
Lepton Sector ◽  
Neutrino Mass Hierarchy ◽  
Mixing Angle ◽  
Long Baseline ◽  
Reactor Neutrinos ◽  
Near Term

Recently the last unknown lepton mixing angleθ13has been determined to be relatively large, not too far from its previous upper bound. This opens exciting possibilities for upcoming neutrino oscillation experiments towards addressing fundamental questions, among them the type of the neutrino mass hierarchy and the search for CP violation in the lepton sector. In this paper we review the phenomenology of neutrino oscillations, focusing on subleading effects, which will be the key towards these goals. Starting from a discussion of the present determination of three-flavour oscillation parameters, we give an outlook on the potential of near-term oscillation physics as well as on the long-term program towards possible future precision oscillation facilities. We discuss accelerator-driven long-baseline experiments as well as nonaccelerator possibilities from atmospheric and reactor neutrinos.

scholarly journals Determination of Reinforced Concrete Rectangular Sections Having Plastic Moments Equal to all IPE Profiles

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 614-632
Author(s):  
Sayeh Beroual ◽  
Mohamed Laid Samai
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Great Precision ◽  
Design Charts ◽  
Eurocode 2 ◽  
The Impact

The comparison between steel structures and reinforced concrete structures has always been governed by economy and response to earthquake. Steel structures being lighter and are thus more efficient to resist earthquake. On the other hand, they are more expensive (4 to 5 times). Theoretically, two structural elements having the same plastic moment have an equal failure or collapse load. Different profiles of IPE are realized in industry and all their characteristics are determined with a great precision (weight, geometrical characteristics and thus their plastic moment). Determining equivalent rectangular singly reinforced concrete cross-sections is not easy and seems impossible to be solved analytically. To a given profile it may be found a multitude of equivalent rectangular reinforced concrete cross-section (singly and doubly reinforced with different yield strengths and compositions of concrete). To take into consideration all these factors, it is absolutely necessary to construct three axis design charts with an appropriate choice of system of coordinates in order to cover all possible ranges of different parameters. The choice of all these possible rectangular reinforced concrete sections is governed by the plastic performance of these later. They must be under reinforced, allowing plastification of steel before failure in order to permit the redistribution phenomenon in plastic analysis. The exploitation of these different charts has revealed that the absolute majority of these rectangular reinforced concrete cross-section are reasonably well designed and are in conformity with the dimensions used in practice. The results of the present characterization using Eurocode 2 characteristics are compared to those of CP110. The impact does not seem to be very relevant. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091677 Full Text: PDF

(Anti)-neutrino–deuteron scattering and the structure of the weak hadronic neutral currents

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 2201-2216
Author(s):  
Mahfuzur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Neutral Current ◽  
Impulse Approximation ◽  
Neutral Currents ◽  
Deuteron Scattering ◽  
Scattering Cross ◽  
Additional Input ◽  
Bubble Chambers ◽  
Scattering Cross Sections

Neutrino(antineutrino)–deuteron elastic and neutral current breakup processes are studied to provide information about the structure of the weak hadronic neutral currents. The scattering cross sections for these processes have been calculated with the help of the impulse approximation. Thus, we have additional input for the determination of the weak hadronic neutral current couplings. Some of the popular models can be put to test as they give distinguishable predictions for these processes. Also since the deuterium filled bubble chambers will be exposed to neutrino beams, our results may serve as a guide as to what to expect theoretically.

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