The Pre-Schwarzian Norm Estimate for Analytic Concave Functions
LetDdenote the open unit disk and letSdenote the class of normalized univalent functions which are analytic inD. LetCo(α)be the class of concave functionsf∈S, which have the condition that the opening angle off(D)at infinity is less than or equal toπα,α∈(1,2]. In this paper, we find a sufficient condition for the Gaussian hypergeometric functions to be in the classCo(α). And we define a classCo(α,A,B),(-1≤B<A≤1), which is a subclass ofCo(α)and we find the set of variabilities for the functional(1-|z|2)(f″(z)/f′(z))forf∈Co(α,A,B). This gives sharp upper and lower estimates for the pre-Schwarzian norm of functions inCo(α,A,B). We also give a characterization for functions inCo(α,A,B)in terms of Hadamard product.