scholarly journals Bioremediation of Chromium by Microorganisms and Its Mechanisms Related to Functional Groups

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Abate Ayele ◽  
Yakob Godebo Godeto
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Minimum Concentration

Heavy metals generated mainly through many anthropogenic processes, and some natural processes have been a great environmental challenge and continued to be the concern of many researchers and environmental scientists. This is mainly due to their highest toxicity even at a minimum concentration as they are nonbiodegradable and can persist in the aquatic and terrestrial environments for long periods. Chromium ions, especially hexavalent ions (Cr(VI)) generated through the different industrial process such as tanneries, metallurgical, petroleum, refractory, oil well drilling, electroplating, mining, textile, pulp and paper industries, are among toxic heavy metal ions, which pose toxic effects to human, plants, microorganisms, and aquatic lives. This review work is aimed at biosorption of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) through microbial biomass, mainly bacteria, fungi, and microalgae, factors influencing the biosorption of chromium by microorganisms and the mechanism involved in the remediation process and the functional groups participated in the uptake of toxic Cr(VI) from contaminated environments by biosorbents. The biosorption process is relatively more advantageous over conventional remediation technique as it is rapid, economical, requires minimal preparatory steps, efficient, needs no toxic chemicals, and allows regeneration of biosorbent at the end of the process. Also, the presence of multiple functional groups in microbial cell surfaces and more active binding sites allow easy uptake and binding of a greater number of toxic heavy metal ions from polluted samples. This could be useful in creating new insights into the development and advancement of future technologies for future research on the bioremediation of toxic heavy metals at the industrial scale.

Facile fabrication of silk protein sericin-mediated hierarchical hydroxyapatite-based bio-hybrid architectures: excellent adsorption of toxic heavy metals and hazardous dye from wastewater

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (89) ◽  
pp. 86607-86616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradyot Koley ◽  
Makoto Sakurai ◽  
Toshiaki Takei ◽  
Masakazu Aono
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Silk Protein ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Hybrid Architectures ◽  
Facile Fabrication

Facilely fabricated silk protein sericin-mediated hierarchical hydroxyapatite hybrid architectures show excellent adsorption of toxic heavy metal ions of Pb(ii), Cd(ii) and Hg(ii) and a hazardous dye, Congo red (CR), from wastewater.

The influence of heavy metals on the production of extracellular polymer substances in the processes of heavy metal ions elimination

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mikes ◽  
M. Siglova ◽  
A. Cejkova ◽  
J. Masak ◽  
V. Jirku
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Interactions

Wastewaters from a chemical industry polluted by heavy metal ions represent a hazard for all living organisms. It can mean danger for ecosystems and human health. New methods are sought alternative to traditional chemical and physical processes. Active elimination process of heavy metals ions provided by living cells, their components and extracellular products represents a potential way of separating toxic heavy metals from industrial wastewaters. While the abilities of bacteria to remove metal ions in solution are extensively used, fungi have been recognized as a promising kind of low-cost adsorbents for removal of heavy-metal ions from aqueous waste sources. Yeasts and fungi differ from each other in their constitution and in their abilities to produce variety of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) with different mechanisms of metal interactions. The accumulation of Cd(2+), Cr(6+), Pb(2+), Ni(2+) and Zn(2+) by yeasts and their EPS was screened at twelve different yeast species in microcultivation system Bioscreen C and in the shaking Erlenmayer's flasks. This results were compared with the production of yeast EPS and the composition of yeast cell walls. The EPS production was measured during the yeast growth and cell wall composition was studied during the cultivations in the shaking flasks. At the end of the process extracellular polymers and their chemical composition were isolated and amount of bound heavy metals was characterized. The variable composition and the amount of the EPS were found at various yeast strains. It was influenced by various compositions of growth medium and also by various concentrations of heavy metals. It is evident, that the amount of bound heavy metals was different. The work reviews the possibilities of usage of various yeast EPS and components of cell walls in the elimination processes of heavy metal ions. Further the structure and properties of yeasts cell wall and EPS were discussed. The finding of mechanisms mentioned above is necessary to identify the functional groups entered in the metals elimination processes.

Sulfur-modified porous covalent organic polymers as bifunctional materials for efficient fluorescence detection and fast removal of heavy metal ions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Li ◽  
Shitao Wang ◽  
Xiaohua Cao ◽  
Huanan Huang ◽  
Dapeng Cao
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Fluorescence Detection ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Fluorescent Detection ◽  
Organic Polymers ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Fast Removal

As one of the most toxic heavy metals to human beings and the environment, how to simultaneously achieve the fluorescent detection and removal of mercury in the wastewater is still...

scholarly journals Comparative Utilization of Dead and Live Fungal Biomass for the Removal of Heavy Metal: A Concise Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Abate Ayele ◽  
Setegn Haile ◽  
Digafe Alemu ◽  
M. Kamaraj
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Fungal Biomass ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Cation Binding ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals

Human and industrial activities produce and discharge wastes containing heavy metals into the water resources making them polluted, threatening human health and the ecosystem. Biosorption, the process of passive cation binding by dead or living biomass, represents a potentially cost-effective way of eliminating toxic heavy metals from industrial wastewater. The abilities of microorganisms to remove metal ions in solution have been extensively studied; in particular, live and dead fungi have been recognized as a promising class of low-cost adsorbents for the removal of heavy metal ions. The biosorption behavior of fungal biomass is getting attention due to its several advantages; hence, it needs to be explored further to take its maximum advantage on wastewater treatment. This review discusses the live and dead fungi characteristics of sorption, factors influencing heavy metal removal, and the biosorption capacities for heavy metal ions removal and also discusses the biosorption mechanisms.

Advanced Water Treatment Systems and Their Applications

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Tauseef Ahmad Rangreez ◽  
Rizwana Mobin ◽  
Hamida-Tun-Nisa Chisti ◽  
Rafia Bashir ◽  
Tabassum Ara
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Cation Exchangers ◽  
Inorganic Composite

The chapter gives an idea about water as a life-sustaining medium and the sources of its pollution along with the deteriorating effects of over burdening of natural resources and the effect of various heavy metal ions discharged into the water bodies on human health and wellbeing. Several human diseases and disorders that are caused due to intake of water polluted by toxic heavy metal ions are also listed. The need and urgency in determination and removal of heavy metal ions from the water sources in order to release load on aquifers by making water safe for reuse is emphasized. The procedure and advantages of composite cation-exchangers along with the work carried out in the field to develop various lead, cadmium, chromium, and mercury selective cation-exchangers are also included. The utility of organic-inorganic composite material for the detection of heavy metals, which render portable water unsafe for use and pose a threat to the wellbeing of man, is also discussed.

ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATION IN COCONUT WATER

1970 ◽  
pp. 07-10
Author(s):  
MdDidarul Islam, Ashiqur Rahaman, Aboni Afrose
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Wet Ashing ◽  
Aas Method

This study was based on determining concentration of essential and toxic heavy metal in coconut water available at a local Hazaribagh area in Dhaka, Bangladesh. All essential minerals, if present in the drinking water at high concentration or very low concentration, it has negative actions. In this study, fifteen samples and eight heavy metals were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) method which was followed by wet ashing digestion method. The concentration obtained in mg/l were in the range of 0.3 to 1.5, 7.77 to 21.2, 0 to 0.71, 0 to 0.9, 0 to 0.2, 0.9 to 17.3, 0.1 to 0.9, 0 to 0.9 and 0 to 0.7 for Fe, Ni, Cu, Cd, Cr, Zn, Pb and Se respectively. From this data it was concluded that any toxic heavy metals like Cd, Cr, Pb and Ni exceed their toxicity level and some essential nutrients were in low concentration in those samples. 

scholarly journals Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater: a comprehensive and critical review

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naef A. A. Qasem ◽  
Ramy H. Mohammed ◽  
Dahiru U. Lawal
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sludge Formation ◽  
Metals Removal

AbstractRemoval of heavy metal ions from wastewater is of prime importance for a clean environment and human health. Different reported methods were devoted to heavy metal ions removal from various wastewater sources. These methods could be classified into adsorption-, membrane-, chemical-, electric-, and photocatalytic-based treatments. This paper comprehensively and critically reviews and discusses these methods in terms of used agents/adsorbents, removal efficiency, operating conditions, and the pros and cons of each method. Besides, the key findings of the previous studies reported in the literature are summarized. Generally, it is noticed that most of the recent studies have focused on adsorption techniques. The major obstacles of the adsorption methods are the ability to remove different ion types concurrently, high retention time, and cycling stability of adsorbents. Even though the chemical and membrane methods are practical, the large-volume sludge formation and post-treatment requirements are vital issues that need to be solved for chemical techniques. Fouling and scaling inhibition could lead to further improvement in membrane separation. However, pre-treatment and periodic cleaning of membranes incur additional costs. Electrical-based methods were also reported to be efficient; however, industrial-scale separation is needed in addition to tackling the issue of large-volume sludge formation. Electric- and photocatalytic-based methods are still less mature. More attention should be drawn to using real wastewaters rather than synthetic ones when investigating heavy metals removal. Future research studies should focus on eco-friendly, cost-effective, and sustainable materials and methods.

scholarly journals A Short Review on Recent Advances of Hydrogel-Based Adsorbents for Heavy Metal Ions

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 864
Author(s):  
Suguna Perumal ◽  
Raji Atchudan ◽  
Thomas Nesakumar Jebakumar Immanuel Edison ◽  
Rajendran Suresh Babu ◽  
Petchimuthu Karpagavinayagam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Adsorption Method ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Practical Applications

The growth of industry fulfills our necessity and promotes economic development. However, pollutants from such industries pollute water bodies which pose a high risk for living organisms. Thus, researchers have been urged to develop an efficient method to remove toxic heavy metal ions from water bodies. The adsorption method shows promising results for the removal of heavy metal ions and is easy to operate on a large scale, thus can be applied to practical applications. Numerous adsorbents were developed and reported, among them hydrogels, which attract great attention because of the reusability, ease of preparation, and handling. Hydrogels are generally prepared by the cross-linking of polymers that result in a three-dimensional structure, showing high porosity and high functionality. They are hydrophilic in nature because of the functional groups, and are non-toxic. Thus, this review provides various methods of hydrogel adsorbents preparation and summarizes recent progress in the use of hydrogel adsorbents for the removal of heavy metal ions. Further, the mechanism involved in the removal of heavy metal ions is briefly discussed. The most recent studies about the adsorption method for the treatment of heavy metal ions contaminated water are presented.

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