Immunoblot Analysis of IgE and IgG Binding Antigens in Extracts of Mosquitos Aedes vexans, Culex tarsalis and Culiseta inornata

1996 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhikang Peng ◽  
Hongbing Li ◽  
Estelle R. Simons
Keyword(s):  
Immunoblot Analysis ◽  
Culex Tarsalis ◽  
Aedes Vexans ◽  
Igg Binding ◽  
Culiseta Inornata

Isolation of western encephalitis virus from mosquitoes in Alberta

1968 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Shemanchuk ◽  
Odosca Morgante
Keyword(s):  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Culex Tarsalis ◽  
Aedes Vexans ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Culiseta Inornata ◽  
Time Of Collection

Mosquitoes were collected in Alberta during the spring, summer, and early fall of 1965. Western encephalitis (WE) virus was isolated from pools collected between August 11 and August 25.Two positive pools, one of Aedes vexans (Meigen) and one of Culiseta inornata (Williston) were collected by sweep nets in irrigated areas of southern Alberta near places where horses were reported sick with WE virus. Seven other positive pools, three of C. inornata and four of Culex tarsalis Coquillett, were collected in southern Alberta from mammalian burrows, which are hibernating habitats for C. inornata, C. tarsalis, and Anopheles earlei Vargas. This indicates that C. tarsalis and C. inornata can enter hibernation infected with WE virus. None of the A. earlei pools tested were positive for WE virus.About 50% of the C. inornata and 9% of the C. tarsalis collected from mammalian burrows were blood-engorged at the time of collection. None of the A. earlei collected from mammalian burrows were blood-fed.

Cache Valley virus: isolations from mosquitoes in Saskatchewan, 1972–1974

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 760-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. Iversen ◽  
R. J. Wagner ◽  
M. K. Leung ◽  
L. B. Hayles ◽  
J. R. McLintock
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Culex Tarsalis ◽  
Cache Valley Virus ◽  
Cache Valley ◽  
Culiseta Inornata ◽  
Minimum Vector

Eighteen isolations of Cache Valley virus (Bunyaviridae) were obtained from a total of 113 694 mosquitoes collected in Saskatchewan during the summers of 1972 to 1974. Most of the isolations were from mosquitoes collected during August. Culiseta inornata, the most abundant mosquito (38% of total collected), had the highest minimum vector-infection rate (0.83 isolations per 1000 mosquitoes). The virus was also isolated from Culex tarsalis and Aedes texans. It is indicated in the isolations that the prairie grasslands of the province are enzootic for Cache Valley virus.

scholarly journals LABORATORY TRANSMISSION OF WESTERN EQUINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS BY MOSQUITOES OF THE GENERA CULEX AND CULISETA

1943 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 425-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. McD. Hammon ◽  
W. C. Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Culex Tarsalis ◽  
Epidemiologic Evidence ◽  
Anopheles Maculipennis ◽  
Encephalomyelitis Virus ◽  
Culiseta Inornata ◽  
Western Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus ◽  
Culex Stigmatosoma ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Culiseta Incidens

1. Western equine virus has been successfully transmitted in the laboratory by 3 species of mosquitoes from 2 genera not previously reported as laboratory vectors: Culex tarsalis, Culiseta inornata, and Culiseta incidens. 2. Though transmission was not demonstrated, survival of the virus for more than a few days was shown to occur in Culex stigmatosoma and Psorophora confinnis. Possibly transmission occurred by the former. 3. In experiments with Culex tarsalis, infection of the mosquitoes occurred from feeding on an inoculated guinea pig, a duck, and virus-blood suspensions. After an incubation period of 10 to 30 days at a temperature above 25°C. these mosquitoes infected chickens and a guinea pig by their bite and virus was in turn demonstrated in the blood of the chickens and in the brain of the guinea pig. A total of 12 transmissions occurred. The fact that mosquitoes can be infected from fowl and in turn transmit to fowl, together with much other supporting data from field and laboratory, is interpreted as strengthening evidence that fowl serve as reservoirs of virus in nature. 4. Since Culex tarsalis mosquitoes have been repeatedly found infected with Western equine virus and epidemiologic evidence supports their incrimination, the vector rôle of this species is now established, and it may be regarded as fully incriminated. 5. Culiseta inornata has also been found infected in nature and now proven a laboratory vector. This species does not fit the epidemiological picture in the Yakima Valley as well as C. tarsalis, but may play an important rôle elsewhere. 6. Anopheles maculipennis freeborni and Culex pipiens found naturally infected have not transmitted the virus under laboratory conditions.

Crowdsourcing for large-scale mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) sampling

2014 ◽  
Vol 147 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elin C. Maki ◽  
Lee W. Cohnstaedt
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Local Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Culex Tarsalis ◽  
Aedes Vexans ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
And Control

AbstractSampling a cosmopolitan mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) species throughout its range is logistically challenging and extremely resource intensive. Mosquito control programmes and regional networks operate at the local level and often conduct sampling activities across much of North America. A method for large-scale sampling of two mosquito species using crowdsourcing to network with these local and regional programmes is described. A total of 961 mosquito vector and control districts, health departments, and individual collectors across the United States of America and Canada were contacted in 2011 and 2012 of which 9% positively responded by sending mosquitoes. In total, 1101 unique population samples of Aedes vexans (Meigen) and Culex tarsalis Coquillett were collected throughout their range in these two countries. Aedes vexans outgroup samples were also submitted from Europe and Asia. This is the largest crowd-sourced collection of samples to date.

MOSQUITOES (DIPTERA:CULICIDAE) IN IRRIGATED AREAS OF SOUTHERN ALBERTA AND THEIR SEASONAL CHANGES IN ABUNDANCE AND DISTRIBUTION

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 899-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Shemanchuk
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Culex Tarsalis ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Irrigation Districts ◽  
Chaoborus Americanus ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Culiseta Inornata ◽  
Abundance And Distribution ◽  
Trap Catches

More than 95% of the mosquitoes in southern Alberta develop in waste irrigation water. Sixteen species of four genera in the subfamily Culicinae were identified, namely, Anopheles earlei, Culex tarsalis, Culiseta inornata, Culiseta alaskaensis, Aedes vexans, A. cinereus, A. dorsalis, A. campestris, A. spencerii, A. flavescens, A. nigromaculis, A. riparius, A. sticticus, A. intrudens, A. cataphylla, A. melanimon; and two species in the subfamily Chaoborinae, namely, Chaoborus americanus and C. flavicans. Weekly index of the number of larvae and pupae as the average number per dip multiplied by the area in square yards, and total weekly trap catches of adults of the seven most common species were computed for each of three irrigation districts, representing distinctly different farming practices. Adults were more numerous in a sheltered than in an open site, the males noticeably more so than the females. Mosquitoes were more abundant in the older than in the newer irrigated districts, and improper farming and water-management practices favored increase in numbers, even in well-planned irrigation districts.

Host specificity and penetration in the mosquito pathogen Coelomomyces psorophorae

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (24) ◽  
pp. 2766-2770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen L. Zebold ◽  
Howard C. Whisler ◽  
Joseph A. Shemanchuk ◽  
Linda B. Travland
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
Dilute Solution ◽  
Aedes Vexans ◽  
Culiseta Inornata ◽  
Mosquito Pathogen

A variety of the mosquito pathogen, Coelomomyces psorophorae, collected at Fincastle, Alberta, has been maintained in laboratory-reared larvae of Culiseta inornata and in cultures of the copepod, Cyclops vernalis. Despite earlier speculation, the fungus appears to have a relatively broad host range as revealed by preliminary host-specificity studies. Seven of the 12 mosquito species tested became infected. One species, Aedes vexans, known to be a host for C. psorophorae was not infected, confirming experimentally that host-specific varieties of this species of fungus do exist. Staining with a dilute solution of methylene blue revealed that the fungus encysts in definite patterns on the cuticles of both host animals. Penetration occurs through the cuticle and not through the digestive tract. A correlation between attachment and susceptibility was obvious in these limited trials.

Axon pathways of the intermediate neurosecretory cells in Culex tarsalis Coquillett (Diptera: Culicidae)

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
Abdominal Ganglion ◽  
Culex Tarsalis ◽  
Pars Intercerebralis ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Culiseta Inornata ◽  
The Brain

The axons of the intermediate neurosecretory cells in the brain of Culex tarsalis Coquillett larvae cross over in the pars intercerebralis, pass ventrolaterally through the protocerebrum, and then pass through the circumoesophageal connectives and the ventral nerve chain as far as the eighth abdominal ganglion. These axons possess branches in the region of juncture of the proto- and deuto-cerebrum, and in the suboesophageal, thoracic, and eighth abdominal ganglia; no branches were visible in the tritocerebrum or abdominal ganglia 1 to 7. The branches appear to terminate within the ganglia, usually near the neuropile boundary. The large ventral neurosecretory axons described in larvae of Culiseta inornata (Williston) by L. Burgess in 1971 are probably the axons of the intermediate neurosecretory cells of that mosquito.

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