Abstract P880: Assessing Measures of Patients Health Perceptions of Stroke Survivors as a Potential Tool for Health Care Disparities Research

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rondalyn Dickens ◽  
Tirisham Gyang ◽  
Sadie B Sanders ◽  
Alexis N Simpkins ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Health Care Disparities ◽  
Illness Perceptions ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Illness Perception ◽  
Cerebrovascular Event ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Chronic Medication

Introduction: Patient centered research in stroke health care disparities is needed. Due to a call for the development of theory-based interventions for the reduction of stroke through behavior change, there have been new studies looking at the perception of an individual’s risk of stroke to create prevention models from those results. Leventhal’s Common Sense Model of Self-Regulation posits that individuals form beliefs about their illness and treatment that determines how they cope and their health behaviors in the future. The Illness Perceptions Questionnaire-Revised (IPQ-R) and Brief Illness Perceptions Questionnaire (BIPQ) are validated measures of these illness beliefs. Methods: A literature review was conducted with the following search criteria: (“illness perception” OR “illness belief”) AND (“stroke” OR “TIA” OR “transient ischemic attack” OR “cerebrovascular event” OR “cerebrovascular accident” OR “CVA”). MEDLINE, WorldCat, PubMed, George Smathers Library, and Google Scholar Database were searched. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses were excluded. Results: The initial results had 452 articles and 21 were chosen for data analysis. These articles were grouped into four categories: IPQ-R, IPQ-R & Medication Adherence, BIPQ, and BIPQ & Medication Adherence. Patients were most concerned about having another stroke and their symptoms becoming chronic. Medication beliefs are a stronger predictor of treatment adherence. Lastly, patients with stronger illness identity, causal beliefs, negative consequences, and lower coherence leads to greater distress in patients and caregivers. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that patients overall have concerns about their treatments, chronicity of stroke symptoms, and recurrence, and these concerns may not be effectively addressed during the routine clinic care demonstrated by effects on treatment adherence and patient and caregiver distress. Thus, patient perceptions questionnaires may be in particular a useful tool for health care disparities research in stroke.

An Illness Perception Model of Primary Care Patients’ Help Seeking for Depression

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1495-1507 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rani Elwy ◽  
James Yeh ◽  
Jason Worcester ◽  
Susan V. Eisen
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Illness Perceptions ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Illness Perception ◽  
Illness Behavior ◽  
Depression Treatment ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Primary Care Patients ◽  
Regulation Model

Many people with depression recognize their symptoms as depression, but fail to seek treatment for a number of years. We aimed to explore the reasons for this. Thirty primary care patients who screened positive for depression participated in semistructured, face-to-face interviews. Transcripts were analyzed using grounded thematic analysis. Patients who sought depression treatment emphasized their understanding of depression, their belief that treatment would work, and the negative consequences that would ensue if they did not seek treatment. Patients who did not seek treatment emphasized that treatment would not be effective, thought that depression would not last very long, and believed that depression did not affect their everyday lives. Patients’ illness perceptions of depression were represented by and organized using the framework of the Self-Regulation Model of Illness Behavior. This model might be useful for planning patient activation intervention studies to increase the uptake of depression treatment in primary care.

scholarly journals Illness Perceptions of COVID-19 in Europe: Predictors, Impacts and Temporal Evolution

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Dias Neto ◽  
Ana Nunes da Silva ◽  
Magda Sofia Roberto ◽  
Jelena Lubenko ◽  
Marios Constantinou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Illness Perceptions ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Illness Perception ◽  
Preventive Behaviors ◽  
Illness Perception Questionnaire ◽  
National Differences ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Regulation Model

Objective: Illness perceptions (IP) are important predictors of emotional and behavioral responses in many diseases. The current study aims to investigate the COVID-19-related IP throughout Europe. The specific goals are to understand the temporal development, identify predictors (within demographics and contact with COVID-19) and examine the impacts of IP on perceived stress and preventive behaviors.Methods: This was a time-series-cross-section study of 7,032 participants from 16 European countries using multilevel modeling from April to June 2020. IP were measured with the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire. Temporal patterns were observed considering the date of participation and the date recoded to account the epidemiological evolution of each country. The outcomes considered were perceived stress and COVID-19 preventive behaviors.Results: There were significant trends, over time, for several IP, suggesting a small decrease in negativity in the perception of COVID-19 in the community. Age, gender, and education level related to some, but not all, IP. Considering the self-regulation model, perceptions consistently predicted general stress and were less consistently related to preventive behaviors. Country showed no effect in the predictive model, suggesting that national differences may have little relevance for IP, in this context.Conclusion: The present study provides a comprehensive picture of COVID-19 IP in Europe in an early stage of the pandemic. The results shed light on the process of IP formation with implications for health-related outcomes and their evolution.

scholarly journals PCV72 Chronic Medication Adherence: Its Association with Health Care Costs

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. A125
Author(s):  
S. Zhou ◽  
A. Carlson ◽  
P.P. Gleason ◽  
J.C. Schommer ◽  
R. Hadsall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Health Care Costs ◽  
Chronic Medication ◽  
Care Costs

scholarly journals Illness Perception and Adherence to Medication in Cardiovascular Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Cyprus

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Abdikarim Mohamed Abdi ◽  
Begard Agha ◽  
Nevzat Birand ◽  
Bruke Berhanu Billoro
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Illness Perceptions ◽  
Illness Perception ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Positive Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adherence To Medication ◽  
Wide Range

Background and Aims: The Patients diagnosed with cardiovascular disease are strongly recommended to adopt healthier behaviors and adhere to prescribed medication. The role of patients' illness perceptions in patient care and impact on health outcomes was studied previously in a wide range of health conditions. However, among patients with cardiovascular diseases, this has not been well examined. Purpose of this study was to assess treatment adherence, illness perception, and relationship between illness perception and treatment adherence in patients with cardiovascular disease. Study Design:  A cross-sectional descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted from November 2018 to January 2019 to all patients who admitted to the cardiology department of Near East University Hospital in North Cyprus. Methodology: A survey form of three sections were used to gathered data; a socio-demographic section, Brief Illness Perception Scale, and Brief Morisky Adherence Scale. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for window version 20.0 software. P-value less than 0.05 were statistically significant. Results: The patients who participated in the study involved 49 (61.2%) male and 31 (38.8%) female. The mean ± SD age of the sampled group was 61.16 ± 12.60, with 15 (47.5%) being older than 65 years old. The Median (Max-Min) of the total Illness Perception Questionnaire positive perceptions shows significantly higher scores in males compared to female’s illness perception 52.0 (73.0 – 20.0) Vs. 41.0 (74.0 – 18.0), z=-2.297; p < 0.05, respectively. Also, university graduate patients had significantly higher positive perception scores compared to patients who graduated from only high schools or less 57.0 (71.0-40.0) Vs. 45.0 (74.0-20.0) and 43.0(68.0-18.0) df=2; p=0.013, respectively. Conclusion: There is a significant positive correlation between different subscales of perception scale, while higher positive perception scores were identified in adherent patients and males.  It is crucial to strengthen patients' illness perceptions, with especial consideration to emotional responses besides personal, treatment control, and disease understanding. We recommend an educational intervention in order to improve adherence.

scholarly journals Using the extended self-regulatory model to characterise diabetes medication adherence: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. e022803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olayinka O Shiyanbola ◽  
Elizabeth Unni ◽  
Yen-Ming Huang ◽  
Cameron Lanier
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Illness Perceptions ◽  
Illness Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Concern

ObjectivesTo cluster the adherence behaviours of patients with type 2 diabetes based on their beliefs in medicines and illness perceptions and examine the psychosocial, clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of patient clusters.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingA face-to-face survey was administered to patients at two family medicine clinics in the Midwest, USA.ParticipantsOne hundred and seventy-four ≥20-year-old, English-speaking adult patients with type 2 diabetes who were prescribed at least one oral diabetes medicine daily were recruited using convenience sampling.Primary and secondary outcome measuresBeliefs in medicines and illness perceptions were assessed using the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, respectively. Self-reported medication adherence was assessed using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Psychosocial correlates of adherence, health literacy and self-efficacy were measured using the Newest Vital Sign and the Self-efficacy for Appropriate Medication Use, respectively. Two-step cluster analysis was used to classify patients.ResultsParticipants’ mean age was 58.74 (SD=12.84). The majority were women (57.5%). Four clusters were formed (non-adherent clusters: ambivalent and sceptical; adherent clusters: indifferent and accepting). The ambivalent cluster (n=30, 17.2%) included low-adherent patients with high necessity beliefs, high concern beliefs and high illness perceptions. The sceptical cluster (n=53, 30.5%) included low adherent patients with low necessity beliefs but high concern beliefs and high illness perceptions. Both the accepting (n=40, 23.0%) and indifferent (n=51, 29.3%) clusters were composed of patients with high adherence. Significant differences between the ambivalent, sceptical, accepting and indifferent adherent clusters were based on self-efficacy, illness perception domains (treatment control and coherence) and haemoglobin A1c (p<0.01).ConclusionsPatients with diabetes in specific non-adherent and adherent clusters still have distinct beliefs as well as psychosocial characteristics that may help providers target tailored medication adherence interventions.

scholarly journals Persistent negative illness perceptions despite long-term biochemical control of acromegaly: novel application of the drawing test

2015 ◽  
Vol 172 (5) ◽  
pp. 583-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitske Tiemensma ◽  
Alberto M Pereira ◽  
Johannes A Romijn ◽  
Elizabeth Broadbent ◽  
Nienke R Biermasz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Illness Perceptions ◽  
Illness Perception ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Biochemical Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Drawing Test

Context and objectivePatients with acromegaly have persistent complaints despite long-term biochemical control. Drawings can be used to assess patients' perceptions about their disease. We aimed to explore the utility of the drawing test and its relation to illness perceptions and quality of life (QoL) in patients after long-term remission of acromegaly.DesignA cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the utility of the drawing test.MethodsA total of 50 patients after long-term remission (mean±s.e.m., 16±1.2 years) of acromegaly were included in this study. Patients completed the drawing test (two retrospective drawings of their body perception before acromegaly and during the active phase of acromegaly, and one drawing on the current condition after long-term remission), Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised, Physical Symptom Checklist, EuroQoL-5D, and AcroQoL.ResultsPatients perceived a dramatic change in body size during the active state of the disease compared with the healthy state before the awareness of acromegaly. Patients reported that their body did not completely return to the original proportions after long-term remission. In addition, larger drawings indicated more negative consequences (P<0.05), a higher score on emotional representations (P<0.05), and more perceived symptoms that were attributed to acromegaly (P<0.01). Larger drawings also indicated more impaired QoL, especially disease-specific QoL (all P<0.05).ConclusionThere are strong correlations among the drawing test, illness perceptions, and QoL. The drawing test appears to be a novel and relatively easy tool to assess the perception of patients after long-term remission of acromegaly. The assessment of drawings may enable health care providers to appreciate the perceptions of patients with long-term remission of acromegaly, and enable discussion of symptoms and remission.

scholarly journals Psychometric Evaluation of a Culturally Adapted Illness Perception Questionnaire for African Americans with Type 2 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olayinka Shiyanbola ◽  
Deepika Rao ◽  
Sierra Kuehl ◽  
Daniel Bolt ◽  
Earlise Ward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Illness Perceptions ◽  
Illness Perception ◽  
Illness Perception Questionnaire ◽  
Culturally Adapted

Abstract Background: Diabetes is burdensome to African Americans, who are twice as likely to be diagnosed, more likely to develop complications and are at a greater risk for death and disability than non-Hispanic whites. Medication adherence interventions are sometimes ineffective for African Americans because their unique illness perceptions are not adequately addressed. The Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised (IPQ-R) that assesses illness perceptions has shown reliability and validity problems when used with African Americans. Thus, the study objective was to adapt the IPQ-R for African Americans and assess the validity and reliability of the culturally adapted questionnaire.Methods: Using an exploratory sequential mixed methods design, we explored African Americans’ illness perceptions qualitatively, used the results to adapt the IPQ-R, and tested the culturally adapted IPQ-R items quantitatively. The culturally adapted IPQ-R was administered to 170 African Americans with type 2 diabetes in a face-to-face survey. Content, construct, convergent, and predictive validity, including reliability was examined. Pearson and item-total correlations, item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and test-retest were conducted. Results: A new 9-factor structure for the culturally-adapted IPQ-R was identified. The new factor structure was distinct from the old factor structure of the IPQ-R. The ‘consequences’ domain from the IPQ-R occurred as two factors (external and internal consequences) while the ‘emotional representations’ domain in the IPQ-R emerged as separate ‘present’ and ‘future’ emotional representation factors. Illness coherence’ was differently conceptualized as ‘illness interpretations’ to capture additional culturally-adapted items within this domain. Most items had factor loadings greater than 0.4, with moderate factor score correlations. Necessity and concern beliefs in medicines significantly correlated with domains of the culturally-adapted IPQ-R. Pearson’s correlation values were not greater than 0.7, indicating good convergent validity. The culturally-adapted IPQ-R significantly predicted medication adherence. None of the correlation values were higher than 0.7 for the test-retest, indicating moderate reliability. Most domains of the culturally-adapted IPQ-R had Cronbach’s alpha values higher than 0.7, indicating good internal consistency. Conclusions: The results provide preliminary support for the validity of the culturally-adapted IPQ-R in African Americans with diabetes, showing good construct, convergent and predictive validity, as well as reliability.

scholarly journals Characterizing Illness Perception Phenotypes in Older Adults With Chronic Kidney Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 779-779
Author(s):  
Eleanor Rivera ◽  
Karen Hirschman ◽  
Raymond Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Illness Perceptions ◽  
Illness Perception ◽  
Patient Activation ◽  
Personality Type ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Disease Knowledge

Abstract An individual’s understanding of their chronic illness (illness perception) is a psychological resource that has an impact on coping and self-management behaviors. Our previous study identified illness perception phenotypes (overall patterns of illness perceptions) in a sample of older adults with heart failure, COPD, and chronic kidney disease. These phenotypes were associated with perceived self-management ability (patient activation) and recent hospitalizations. To further characterize the illness perception phenotypes we focused on older adults with chronic kidney disease, analyzing illness perception data along with potential covariates from the multi-center longitudinal Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort study (CRIC). Covariates include sociodemographics, disease parameters, personality type, disease knowledge, and treatment adherence. While personality type was associated with illness perception phenotype, disease knowledge and treatment adherence were not. We have also conducted qualitative analyses of in-depth interviews. These results will inform the development of a pilot intervention incorporating illness perception information into the clinical setting.

scholarly journals Emotional dysfunction in schizophrenia spectrum psychosis: the role of illness perceptions

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 761-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. W. B. WATSON ◽  
P. A. GARETY ◽  
J. WEINMAN ◽  
G. DUNN ◽  
P. E. BEBBINGTON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Illness Perceptions ◽  
Illness Perception ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
Adherence To Medication ◽  
Medical Disorders ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Emotional Dysfunction

Background. Assessing illness perceptions has been useful in a range of medical disorders. This study of people with a recent relapse of their psychosis examines the relationship between illness perception, their emotional responses and their attitudes to medication.Method. One hundred patients diagnosed with a non-affective psychotic disorder were assessed within 3 months of relapse. Measures included insight, self-reported illness perceptions, medication adherence, depression, self-esteem and anxiety.Results. Illness perceptions about psychosis explained 46, 36 and 34% of the variance in depression, anxiety and self-esteem respectively. However, self-reported medication adherence was more strongly associated with a measure of insight.Conclusions. Negative illness perceptions in psychosis are clearly related to depression, anxiety and self-esteem. These in turn have been linked to symptom maintenance and recurrence. Clinical interventions that foster appraisals of recovery rather than of chronicity and severity may therefore improve emotional well-being in people with psychosis. It might be better to address adherence to medication through direct attempts at helping them understand their need for treatment.

scholarly journals Illness perception in patients with chronic kidney disease and kidney failure: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e042298
Author(s):  
Jia Hwei Ng ◽  
Jaclyn Vialet ◽  
Michael A Diefenbach
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Kidney Failure ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Illness Perceptions ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Illness Perception ◽  
Regulation Model

IntroductionPatient education is a crucial component in the management of chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, many education programmes do not tailor to patients’ disease-related belief and emotional reactions. According to Leventhal’s self-regulation model, such beliefs and reactions, known as illness perceptions, are a part of patients’ understanding of their disease and treatment-related actions. The existing research of illness perception in the field of nephrology has been heterogenous in terms of study outcomes and in study population; and the evidence of how illness perceptions affect behavioural and decisional outcomes is limited. This scoping review aims to map and summarise the evidence of published literature on illness perception among patients with CKD not yet treated by dialysis and kidney failure.Methods and analysisThis study bases its approach on Joanna Brigg’s Institute Guidelines on scoping review methods. The search strategy was developed together with a medical information specialist. Searches will be performed on acceptance of publication in the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO via Ovid, Scopus and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Searches will be run without incorporating a date restriction in order to capture content from the databases’ inception to present day. Search terms including ‘illness perception’, ‘kidney disease’ and ‘kidney failure’ will be screened in titles and abstracts. Two independent researchers will screen the abstracts and full text for full eligibility. We will include studies focusing on illness perception of patients with CKD with estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, kidney failure or recipients of kidney transplant. We will exclude patients <18 years of age, patients with acute kidney injury and non-English articles. All demographic data, study design and study findings will be collected and analysed using a data abstraction tool.Ethics and disseminationThis study does not require internal review board approval. We will present the findings of this scoping review in a peer-reviewed journal.

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