The genus Trophomera Rubtsov & Platonova, 1974 with description of T. litoralis sp. n. (Nematoda: Benthimermithidae) from the tidal zone of the Kuril Archipelago and proposal of Benthimermis Petter, 1980 as a junior synonym

Nematology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry M. Miljutin
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Tidal Zone ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
The Family ◽  
Tail Shape ◽  
Emended Description

Abstract The type species of Trophomera, T. iturupiensis, is redescribed from type material and important errors in the original description corrected. As a result of this emended description, Benthimermis is proposed as a junior synonym of Trophomera and its species transferred accordingly. The family name Benthimermithidae is retained according to articles 23.1 and 40.1 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Trophomera is diagnosed and an annotated list of nominal species presented. Trophomera litoralis sp. n., collected from the tidal zone of Ushishir Island (Kuril Archipelago), is described on the basis of four males. The males of T. litoralis sp. n. differ from those of other Trophomera species primarily by the much higher number of precloacal supplementary organs (105-108 vs 2-68). Trophomera litoralis sp. n. is most similar to T. regalis comb. n. yet differs by shorter body length (5.8-9.3 vs 14.9 mm), body proportions (a = 67-107 vs 124.4; c = 61-97 vs 135.7), greater length of the intermediate spermatoduct between the anterior and posterior testes (ca 1/7th vs ca 1/140th of body length), tail shape (rounded conoid vs pointed conoid), and number of precloacal supplementary organs (105-108 vs 49).

Philometra barbata n. sp. (Nematoda: Philometridae) from the red mullet Mullus barbatus (Perciformes, Mullidae) off Tunisia

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 766-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nessrine Ghanmi ◽  
David González-Solís ◽  
Lamia Gargouri
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Congeneric Species ◽  
Red Mullet ◽  
Mullus Barbatus ◽  
The Family

Abstract Helminthological examinations of the red mullet Mullus barbatus (Linnaeus) (Mullidae) from the Gulf of Hammamet, off Tunisia, revealed the presence of one undescribed gonad-infecting nematode species, Philometra barbata n. sp. (Philometridae). The new species as other congeneric species is mainly characterized by the shape of the caudal mound, the distribution of the caudal papillae and the shape of the gubernaculum with the presence of a dorsal protuberance consisting of two dorsolateral lamellar parts separated from each other by a smooth median field in the male. The new species differs from its gonadinfecting congeners in the body length of male, the length of spicules and gubernaculum. This is the second nominal species of Philometra reported from fishes of the family Mullidae and the 14th from the Mediterranean Sea.

A new species of Mediolata Canestrini from Spain (Acari:  Stigmaeidae), re-description of M. chanti and a key to the known species of Mediolata

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1151 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
FARID FARAJI ◽  
EDWARD A. UECKERMANN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
The Family ◽  
Citrus Orchards ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Incorrect Data

Two plant-inhabiting species of Mediolata were collected in the Iberian Peninsula during biodiversity assessments between 2000–2002. Mediolata roigi, sp. nov. and M. chanti Gonzalez were collected in Spain and Portugal respectively. The studies were conducted in citrus orchards in Portugal and apple orchards and vineyards in Spain. Because of some incorrect data in the original description of M. chanti, it is re-described. Eupalopsis vandergeesti Gomaa & Bolland is revealed to be a junior synonym of M. chanti and Mediolata mirus Chaudhri et al. is transferred to the family Eupalopsellidae under the genus Exthothoris. A key to the known species of the genus Mediolata is provided.

scholarly journals Comments on taxonomical status of three gobiid nominal species (genus Gobius) described from Brazilian coast (Teleostei: Gobiiformes: Gobiidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. e20195948
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Antunes Caires
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Short Description ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Meristic Characters ◽  
Taxonomical Status

Three species described and currently included in the genus Gobius from the Brazilian coast are herein discussed. Gobius uranoscopus Sauvage is regarded as junior synonym of Bathygobius soporator based on information on holotype deposited in Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris; G. silveiraemartinsi Ihering, known only in Rio Grande do Sul was erected based on a short description, and type material is not available, but I considered that it is junior synonym of Ctenogobius shufeldti; Gobius boekeri Ahl, 1931, described from the coast of Pará, Brazil, is a junior synonym of Gobionellus oceanicus, as both taxa are virtually identical in meristic characters and presumable morphometric differences that Ahl used to substantiate the validity of his new species actually fall into the morphometric range observed in G. oceanicus specimens and may be attributable to individual variation and to the image quality by Ahl’s original description.

The African Rhigonematoidea (Nematoda: Rhigonematida). 2. Six new species of Rhigonema Cobb, 1898 (Rhigonematidae)

Nematology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 803-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hunt
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Anterior Region ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Medium Length ◽  
Tail Shape ◽  
Female Genital

AbstractSix new species of Rhigonema are described from the gut of various African diplopods. Rhigonema fecundum sp. n., from South Africa, is characterised by medium to fairly long body length, finely pilose anterior region, posterior margin of cephalic collar smoothly fused to body contour, Type 2 genital tract with a long ovejector, presence of a long, closely adpressed, vulval flap, tail shape in both sexes, broad spicules of medium length and complement of 23 copulatory papillae of which three pairs are subdorsal or sublateral in position. Rhigonema oxydesmi sp. n., from Oxydesmus platycercus concolor, Zaire, is characterised by medium body length, slightly projecting cephalic collar, finely pilose anterior region, Type 2 female genital tract with a long ovejector, presence of a short, adpressed, vulval flap, tail shape in both sexes, medium length spicules with a hamate capitulum and complement of 23 copulatory papillae, three pairs of which are subdorsal or sublateral in position. Rhigonema peziphorum sp. n., from Sphaerotherium selindum, Zimbabwe, is characterised by medium body length, prominently projecting cephalic collar, finely pilose anterior region, Type 1 female genital tract with a medium length ovejector, rather large eggs, absence of a prominent vulval flap, presence of a spermatophore, tail shape in both sexes, unusually short spicules with a weakly hamate capitulum and complement of 23 copulatory papillae. It is the only known Rhigonema species to form a spermatophore. Rhigonema rostrellum sp. n., from Ivory Coast, is characterised by medium body length, finely pilose anterior region, Type 2 genital tract with a very long ovejector, presence of a closely adpressed vulval flap, tail shape in both sexes, broad spicules of medium length and complement of 23 copulatory papillae of which three pairs are subdorsal or sublateral in position. Rhigonema spicatum sp. n., from Congoromus flabellatus, Zaire, is characterised by medium body length, slightly projecting cephalic collar, densely pilose anterior region, Type 2 female genital tract with a long ovejector, presence of an adpressed vulval flap, tail shape in both sexes, relatively short spicules with a hamate capitulum and complement of 23 copulatory papillae. Rhigonema xiphiurus sp. n., from Oxydesmus sicarius, Zaire, is characterised by medium body length, projecting cephalic collar, coarsely pilose anterior region with bristly microtrichs, microtrichs extending down body to beyond vulval level in female and a similar relative position in the male, Type 2 female genital tract with a long ovejector, elongate female tail, convex conoid male tail with an exceptionally well developed subulate projection, very short spicules and disposition of the 23 copulatory papillae, three pairs of which are dorsal or sublateral in position. A synopsis of the other eight nominal species of African Rhigonema is appended.

scholarly journals Resolving a 200-year-old taxonomic conundrum: neotype designation for Cephalothrix linearis (Nemertea: Palaeonemertea) based on a topotype from Bergen, Norway

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 39-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Kajihara
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Original Material ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

The taxonomic identity of the palaeonemertean Cephalothrix linearis (Rathke, 1799) has been obscure for nearly two centuries, because its original description applies to almost any congeners, including Cephalothrix filiformis (Johnston 1828) and Cephalothrix rufifrons (Johnston, 1837), which occur commonly in the North Sea and adjacent waters. In this paper, I redescribe C. linearis based on two topotypes from Bergen, one herein designated as the neotype for C. linearis, because Rathke’s original material is not extant; I invoke Article 70.3.2 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature to fix Planaria linearis Rathke, 1799 as the type species of Cephalothrix Örsted, 1843 for the sake of stability. From the neotype, I determined sequences of the 28S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) genes. Using the COI sequence, I inferred the phylogenetic position of C. linearis along with 316 cephalotrichid sequences currently available in public databases. A tree-based species delimitation analysis detected 43 entities among them, with 34 in Cephalothrix and nine in eitherBalionemertes or Cephalotrichella. I apply valid species names to 12 of the 34 entities in Cephalothrix. I tabulated a total of 36 nominal species that are likely the members of the genus; the following five were excluded even though their specific names were originally combined with Cephalothrix: Cephalothrix armata Ulyanin, 1870 [Monostilifera, possibly Emplectonema gracile (Johnston, 1837)], Cephalothrix fragilis Bürger, 1892 [now Cephalotrichella signata (Hubrecht, 1879)], Cephalothrix signata Hubrecht, 1879 [now in Cephalotrichella], Cephalothrix unipunctata Parfitt, 1867 [now Tetrastemma melanocephalum (Johnston, 1837) (Monostilifera)], and Cephalothrix viridis Chapuis, 1886 [possibly Heteronemertea]. The five names cephalothrix Diesing, 1850 (as Borlasia cephalothrix), kroyeri Diesing, 1850 (as Cephalothrix kroyeri), linearis Diesing, 1850 (as Borlasia linearis), lineata Claparède, 1862 (as Cephalothrix lineata), and oerstedii Diesing, 1850 (as Cephalothrix oerstedii) aredeclared nomenclaturally unavailable.

Xiphinema petersmithi Malan, Swart, Meyer & Heyns, 1997, a junior synonym of X. vuittenezi Luc, Lima, Weischer & Flegg, 1964 (Nematoda: Longidoridae)

Nematology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Barsi
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Junior Synonym

AbstractIn the original description of Xiphinema petersmithi, 1997 the species was differentiated from X. vuittenezi, 1964 by its slightly shorter body length and the presence of spines in the uterus. Subsequently, the presence of uterine spines, although not mentioned in the original description, was confirmed in X. vuittenezi. Seven female and two pre-adult paratypes of X. petersmithi were studied and compared with X. vuittenezi. The X. petersmithi paratypes and X. vuittenezi populations studied could not be consistently differentiated by body length. Because of the presence of small spindle-shaped spines in the uteri of both species and the overlapping body length, there is no consistent character to differentiate the two species. Xiphinema petersmithi is therefore proposed as a junior synonym of X. vuittenezi.

The identity and taxonomic position of Pleias Kirkaldy, 1901  (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1583 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
DÁVID RÉDEI
Keyword(s):  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Taxonomic Position ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
New Synonymy

Based on the examination of the holotype, Pleias ritsemae Kirkaldy, 1901 (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae: Leistarchini), is redescribed and figured. No generic differences can be found between Pleias Kirkaldy, 1901 and Bagauda Bergroth, 1903, consequently the latter is a junior synonym of Pleias. Reversion to the senior name Pleias would require that the several nominal species currently included in Bagauda be transferred to the nominal genus Pleias. Therefore, in order to preserve stability, no nomenclatural changes are proposed in this paper, but an application has been submitted to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature to give Bagauda precedence over Pleias. Although congeneric, Pleias ritsemae is not conspecific with any other species currently in Bagauda and its differentiating characters are discussed. The following new synonymy is proposed: Ploiaria perfuga Miller, 1941, syn. n. = Pleias ritsemae Kirkaldy, 1901.

Redescription and designation of a neotype for Ophiothrix angulata (Say, 1825 (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Ophiotrichidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4344 (2) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALISSON SANTANA ◽  
CYNTHIA L.C. MANSO ◽  
ANA C.S. ALMEIDA ◽  
ORANE F.S. ALVES
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Brittle Stars ◽  
The Family ◽  
Variable Morphology

Ophiotrichidae Ljungman, 1867 comprises brittle stars diagnosed by the absence of oral papillae and presence of a cluster of dental papillae covering at least half the height of the dental plate. Ophiothrix Müller & Troschel, 1840 is the largest genus in the family and is composed of many species with a highly variable morphology. Ophiothrix angulata is one species with descriptions showing morphological variation in many of the diagnostic characters stated by Say (1825) in the original description. Say’s (1825) type material and specimens studied by him could be located. Thus, in order to elucidate the taxonomic identity of O. angulata and following Article 75 of the International Code for Zoological Nomenclature, here we propose the neotype designation of O. angulata based on topotype specimens from South Carolina, United States. A discussion of the records of O. angulata from the Atlantic Ocean is included. Taxonomic comments on the genus Ophiothrix are also provided. 

Nomenclatorial changes in Triaenonychidae: Sclerobunus parvus Roewer is a junior synonym of Paranonychus brunneus (Banks), Mutusnonychus Suzuki is a junior synonym of Paranonychus Briggs, and Kaolinonychinae Suzuki is a junior synonym of Paranonychinae Briggs (Opiliones: Triaenonychidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1809 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM A. SHEAR ◽  
SHAHAN DERKARABETIAN
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Queen Charlotte Islands ◽  
Original Proposal ◽  
The Family ◽  
Clackamas County

The harvestman species Sclerobunus parvus was described by Roewer (1931) from the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada. Some forty years later, Briggs (1971) revised the Triaenonychidae of North America, but missed including Roewer’s species, which had not been mentioned in the literature since its description. Briggs (1971) recognized two subfamilies in North America, Triaenonychinae Sørensen 1886 (Briggs attributed the subfamily name to Pocock, but according to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Sørensen’s original proposal of the family name included the nominate subfamily) and Paranonychinae Briggs 1971. Paranonychinae included two new genera, Metanonychus Briggs 1971 and Paranonychus Briggs 1971. The latter genus was based on Sclerobunus brunneus Banks 1893, a commonly occurring species distributed from Clackamas County, Oregon, north to Atka Island, Alaska (Briggs 1971).

Recognition and partial solution of nomenclatural issues involving copepods of the family Monstrillidae (Crustacea: Copepoda: Monstrilloida)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4486 (4) ◽  
pp. 497 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARK J. GRYGIER ◽  
EDUARDO SUÁREZ-MORALES
Keyword(s):  
Original Description ◽  
Partial Solution ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Language Version ◽  
Type Series ◽  
The Status ◽  
Registration Number

This work seeks to expose and clear up nomenclatural irregularities involving copepods of the order Monstrilloida, family Monstrillidae. The diagnostic text related to Monstrilla minuta Isaac, 1974 and four nominal species of Thaumaleus Krøyer, 1849 (now Cymbasoma Thompson, 1888) proposed by Isaac in 1974 is sufficient for all names to be available from their original description except for Thaumaleus similirostratus, which was proposed conditionally in 1974 and was first made available by Isaac in 1975; “similirostris” as used by Grygier in 1995 is an incorrect subsequent spelling. Four other specific names proposed in 1975 by Isaac, but disclaimed by him as nomina nuda (an action permitted retroactively by the Fourth Edition of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature) have never been made available. By quoting the necessary information from Isaac’s doctoral dissertation, two of them are validated herein under the names Thaumaleus frondipes Isaac in Grygier & Suárez-Morales, sp. nov., and Strilloma scotti Isaac in Grygier & Suárez-Morales, sp. nov., and are immediately reassigned as new combinations to Cymbasoma and Monstrilla Dana, 1849, respectively. A fifth such name, Thaumaleus tumorifrons, has already been made available under the authorship of Suárez-Morales, 1999, but its females are excluded from the type series; the spelling of the specific name of the new species recently proposed for those females, Cymbasoma mediterranea Suárez-Morales, Goruppi, Olazabal & Tirelli, 2017, is emended to mediterraneum to match the gender of the genus. For Cymbasoma bowmani Suárez-Morales & Gasca, 1998, the “Form B” female mentioned in the original description is excluded from the type series. The authorship and date of availability of Haemocera (currently Cymbasoma) morii depends on which language version of Article 13.1.1 of the Code is followed; a ruling by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature under Article 87 of the Code is necessary to resolve the matter. The composition of the type series of Cymbasoma bullatum (Scott, 1909) in terms of both number and sex has become unclear; its type locality is restricted herein to the vicinity of Obi Island in the Moluccas. Despite a published statement to the contrary, the syntype series of Cymbasoma germanicum (Timm, 1893) included specimens from other localities than just Helgoland. The type series of Cymbasoma guerrerense Suárez-Morales & Morales-Ramírez, 2009 consists only of the holotype, which was mistakenly reported under the wrong registration number. The supposed invalidity of Monstrilla capitellicola Hartman, 1961 is discussed. Monstrilla javensis Isaac, 1974, nomen nudum, has remained unavailable owing to lack of adherence to Article 16.1 of the Code by later authors; the specific name is made available herein, under Suárez-Morales’ authorship, in the combination Cymbasoma javense sp. nov. The taxonomic (and eventual nomenclatural) question of the status of M. mariaeugeniae Suárez-Morales & Islas-Landeros, 1993 vis à vis M. wandelii Stephensen, 1913, i.e. as a separate species or a subspecies of the latter, remains unsettled. Cymbasoma lenticula Suárez-Morales & McKinnon, 2014 and Monstrillopsis boonwurrungorum Suárez-Morales & McKinnon, 2014 are fixed herein as the correct original spellings of those two specific names. Resolution of the problem posed by assignment of the specific name reticulata to supposedly non-conspecific males and females in the genus Monstrillopsis Sars, 1921 requires the designation of a neotype by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. 

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