Are the Criminogenic Effects of Incarceration Mediated by a Change in Criminal Thinking or a Change in Perceived Certainty?

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-40
Author(s):  
Glenn D. Walters
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Criminal Thinking ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Offending Behavior ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of the current study was to determine whether a change in criminal thinking or a change in perceived certainty mediates the putative criminogenic effect of incarceration. A path analysis of 1,170 male delinquents revealed that incarceration prior to age 19 produced a negative rather than positive effect on offending behavior at age 20, although it did predict an increase in proactive criminal thinking (PCT) from age 18 to age 19. PCT, in turn, predicted a rise in past year offending. Perceived certainty of punishment, on the other hand, failed to mediate the effect of incarceration on future offending.

scholarly journals PENGETAHUAN PERPAJAKAN, SOSIALISASI PERPAJAKAN, DAN PELAYANAN FISKUS TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Meiska Lianty ◽  
Dini Wahjoe Hapsari ◽  
Kurnia K
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Other ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Whole Number ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Positive Effect

This study aims to discover how the effect of the tax knowledge, tax socialization, and tax authorities service, either simultaneously or partially, on the taxpayers compliance in KPP Pratama Bandung Bojonagara. The research samples are the whole number of the non-employee individual taxpayers in the amount of 100 people. The sampling technique is convenience sampling and the analysis method is using multiple linear regression. Simultaneously, the tax knowledge, the tax socialization, and the tax authorities service significantly affect the taxpayers compliance in KPP Pratama Bandung Bojonagara. Partially, the result shows that both the tax knowledge and the tax authorities service significantly have positive effect and are directly proportional on the taxpayers compliance. On the other hand, the tax socialization has no significant effect on the taxpayers compliance in KPP Pratama Bandung Bojonagara.

Tongues, a Sign for Unbelievers?: A Structural and Exegetical Study of I Corinthians XIV. 20–25

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Johanson
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Logical Relation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Positive Sense ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Negative Sense ◽  
Positive Effect

I Corinthians xiv. 20–25 has long posed severalcruces interpretationisfor commentators. The basic problems concern the relationship of the assertions made about tongues and prophecy in υ. 22 to the quotation of Isa. xxviii. 11–12 in υ. 21 and to the illustrations concerning tongues and prophecy in υυ. 23–5. As to the quotation, J. Ruef remarks that most commentators admit to the difficulty of seeing how it substantiates Paul's conclusion that tongues are meant as a sign for the unbeliever. Concerning the illustrations, both J. Héring and J. P. M. Sweet note that in the light of the assertions we would expect them to be the reverse of what they are. While tongues are asserted to be meant as a sign for unbelievers and prophecy for believers, the illustrations depict the negative effect of tongues upon unbelievers and the positive effect of prophecy not on believers but upon unbelievers. The second assertion (υ. 22b) in particular contradicts the second illustration (υυ. 24–5) in that it clearly states that ‘prophecy is meant as a signnot for unbelieversbut for believers’. This is so if σημεĩον is taken in a positive sense. If, on the other hand, it is taken in a negative sense, the logical relation of this second illustration to the second assertion becomes ambiguous.

Effects of microbial phytase and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol on the absorption of minerals from broiler chicken diets containing different levels of calcium

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didem Hilkat Aksakal ◽  
Tanay Bilal
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
The Other ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Microbial Phytase ◽  
Utilisation Rate ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
P Absorption ◽  
Different Levels

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of various calcium: total phosphorus (Ca:tP) ratios due to addition of microbial phytase and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25-(OH)2D3] on the absorption levels of minerals. In a 42-day experiment repeated three times, 144 day-old male broiler chicks (ISA 220) were divided into six groups of eight chicks each. Diets containing two different (1:1 and 2:1) Ca levels were prepared. Groups 1, 2 and 3 received a diet of 1:1 Ca:tP ratio while Groups 4, 5 and 6 a diet of 1:2 Ca:tP ratio. These diets contained 1,25-(OH)2D3 and phytase in levels of 5 µg/kg and 600 FYT/kg, respectively. The faeces was collected to analyse the absorption of minerals. At the end of the study, the absorption levels of Ca, P, Zn, Mn and Cu were increased by the addition of phytase enzyme (p < 0.05). This effect was obvious in the 3rd week. On the other hand, in the 6th week only Ca and P absorption levels were influenced positively by the addition of phytase enzyme. The results proved the positive effect of phytase, an enzyme which is used for increasing the utilisation rate of phytate P, Ca and other minerals in broilers.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Financial Performance Of District/City Local Government Of Yogyakarta

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aristyan Jeffri Nugroho ◽  
Martianus Budiantara
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
The Other ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Financial Report ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Positive Effect

The  research aims to find out factors of financial performance of local goverment regencies or city in Yogyakarta. Independent variabel are wealth of local goverment, dependence with central goverment, and local goverment expenditures. On the other hand the dependent variable is financial performance of local goverment as measured by the efficiency ratio. Population of this research are local goverment financial report (LKPD) of Yogyakarta period 2010-2014 audited by BPK. The sample are estimate realization report (LRA) all regencies or city and the province of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Hypothesis of this research were examined by using multiple regression in SPSS 16 software. Result of this reearch indicate that wealth of local goverment have significant positive effect on the financial performance of local goverment. Dependence with central goverment have significant positive effect on the financial performance of local goverment. Then, local goverment expenditures also have significant positive effect on the financial performance of local goverment.   Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja keuangan pemerintah daerah kabupaten/kota yogyakarta

scholarly journals The Effect of Crowdfunding Methods and Processes on Entrepreneurship Freedom of Innovation and Value of Creation: A Study in Business Incubators in Jordan

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanadi Salameh ◽  
Enad Quandah ◽  
Dr. Hanadi
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Business Incubators ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Positive Effect

This research investigates the effect of crowdfunding on entrepreneurship. The population of the study includes Jordanian entrepreneurs, (200) questionnaires were distributed among 200 Jordanian entrepreneurs; the (200) questionnaires were all collected. The researcher used the quantitative research methods in the form of simple liner regression and multi regression. The study confirms that there is a positive impact of crowdfunding on entrepreneurship in general as well as entrepreneurs’ freedom of innovation and value of creation. In addition, it was realized that out of the four investigated crowdfunding methods:  reward, pre-purchasing, donation, equity and lending, the pre-purchasing method has the most positive influence on entrepreneurship freedom of innovation and value of creation. On the other hand, reward, equity, and lending did not contribute any significant effect on entrepreneurship’s value of creation and freedom of innovation compared to the latter two. Furthermore, both crowdfunding processes of all-or- nothing and keep-it-all have significant effect on entrepreneurship with the latter process having a more significant effect than the former.  This study confirmed the positive effect of crowdfunding methods and processes on Jordanian entrepreneurship in term of value of creation and freedom of innovation.

DAMPAK PENERAPAN PSAK 50/55 (REVISI 2006) TERHADAP MANAJEMEN LABA DIPERBANKAN: PERANAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeasy Darmayanti ◽  
Teti Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Earnings Management ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Foreign Ownership ◽  
The Other ◽  
Financial Report ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Ownership Composition ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Test Result

The practicing of earnings management in banking companies certainly has pro and con's from the stockholders, because it tends to harm the users of information and the service of financial report. This research, therefore, aims to investigate the effect of application of PSAK 50/55 (2006 revision) toward earnings management with corporate governance as the moderating variable. This research was implemented in banking companies that listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research used 28 banking companies that published financial report in period of 2009 — 2011 completely. The test result indicated that the application of PSAK 50/55 (2006 revision), moderation of foreign ownership, composition of commissioner council, standard of KAP and committee of audit as the moderator did not have any significance effect toward the practicing of earnings management in banking companies that listed in ISE. On the other hand, the application of PSAK 50/55 (Revision 2006) moderated by the KAP size had the positive effect toward practicing of earnings management.

Life-Span Determinants of Work in Retirement Years

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Morrow-Howell ◽  
Joel Leon
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Work Effort ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Successful Employment ◽  
Work Histories

This article presents the results of a path analysis to clarify the life-span determinants of work effort in postretirement years. It was found that personal and structural characteristics are different between a group of retirees who did not work in the three years after retirement and those that worked more than 300 hours annually. Those that participated in the labor force after retirement experienced more successful employment histories before retirement. On the other hand, people with more marginal work histories were less likely to sustain work efforts after retirement, despite lower income.

scholarly journals The Impact of Hospital Specialization on Congestion and Efficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1475
Author(s):  
Sung-hun Park ◽  
Joong Ko ◽  
Eun-song Bae ◽  
Meehyang Chang ◽  
Daecheol Kim
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Hospital Size ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Hospital Beds ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Hospital Specialization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of this study is to verify the existence of congestion in Korean hospitals, to identify the causes of congestion, and to suggest directions for efficiency improvement of hospitals. The result showed that congestion occurred in 71.90% of 1185 hospitals. In addition, it was found that hospital specialization has a negative effect on congestion. In other words, the higher the hospital specialization, the lower the overall congestion rate of the hospital. More specifically, the specialization of hospitals also showed a negative effect on congestion of nurses. On the other hand, hospital specialization was found to have a positive effect on the congestion of the number of doctors, but it does not have a significant effect on the congestion of hospital beds. It was also found that hospital size has an effect on the relationship between hospital specialization and congestion, but the location of the hospital and the type of ownership did not act as a moderator.

scholarly journals APAKAH STRUKTUR DEWAN KOMISARIS BERPENGARUH TERHADAP KINERJA PERUSAHAAN?

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 597
Author(s):  
Y Anni Aryani ◽  
Isna Putri Rahmawati ◽  
Doddy Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Monitoring Activity

This research aims at examining the effect of board of commissioners structure on firm performance using Indonesian context. We investigate the effectiveness of three characteristics of board of commissioners including percentage of independent commissioners, percentage of woman in board of commissioners and size. Sample of the study consists of firm listed in Jakarta Islamic Index during 2006 – 2016 periods. There are 258 firm-years as sample of the study. The result of the study shows that percentage of independent commissioners and percentage of woman in board of commissioner have significant effect on firm performance. On the other hand, board of commissioners size have no significant effect on firm performance. The study provide evidence that independent commissioner have positive effect to increase firm performance. Independent commissioners push firm to achieve higher level of performance. However, woman commissioners negatively affect firm performance. Thus, woman commissioners might not have provide better monitoring activity to push firm performance

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS DAN PERILAKU PETANI DALAM MEMANFAATKAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI BERBASIS CYBER EXTENSION

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Muh Amin
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Communication Tools ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Farmer Behaviour ◽  
Agricultural Communication ◽  
And Behavior

Information technology based on cyber extension is one of agricultural communication tools to achieve farmers welfare. Cyber extension is a technology innovation to accelerate communication of agricultural information to the user , so that information can be obtained more quickly, precisely and relevant to farmer demands.The study aimed to analyze the effectiveness and behavior of farmers in using cyber extension as a medium of communication and information in support of agricultural development. The study method was survey with 86 farmer as sample respondents. The data were analyzed descriptively and using path analysis. The results show that the effectiveness of cyber extension is influenced by the farmer characteristics, farmers interaction and farmer perception. The effectiveness of cyber extension is the most strongly influenced by farmer characteristics (coefficient rate 0.328 ), and can be seen from the availability of information technology facilities and motivation of farmers to seek required information for farming activities. On the other hand, farmer's behavior is directly influenced by farmer perception and farmer effectiveness in using cyber extension. In addition, cyber extension is strongly effective to influence farmer behaviour with a coefficient of 0.413.

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