The impact of urban regrowth on the built environment

Urban Studies ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 2683-2700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Wolff ◽  
Annegret Haase ◽  
Dagmar Haase ◽  
Nadja Kabisch
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
Similar Density ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

After several decades, an increasing number of European cities have been experiencing population growth after a longer phase of decline. This new growth represents not just a quantitative phenomenon but also has qualitative implications for the urban space and the built environment. A juxtaposition of re- and de-densification, as well as changes in land use, in the form of a small-scale spatial mosaic, can be observed. A crucial factor for estimating the relationship between the built environment and demand for it is population density. Increasing population densities may put pressure on sustaining a certain quality of life and on ecological recovery spaces. In this vein, an indicator concept for re- and de-densification will be applied to the city of Leipzig, one of the most illustrative examples of a regrowing city, in order to shed light on the complex relationship between changing human housing demands and their impact on land use. The concept involves measuring population density. Our study has demonstrated that, although similar density changes can be observed in different periods in different parts of the city, they are dominated by different drivers, leading to the formation of different spatial patterns. The results of our study emphasise that regrowth should be understood as a distinctive process because it is distributed very heterogeneously within the city area, with a variety of spatial effects and impacts. The concept allows us to draw conclusions about processes that mitigate, drive or reinforce regrowth, and therefore contributes to a better understanding of this phenomenon and its implications for land use.

Evaluating the Impact of Socioeconomics, Land Use, Built Environment, and Road Facility on Cyclist Safety

2017 ◽  
Vol 2659 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Osama ◽  
Tarek Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Bayesian Techniques ◽  
The Road ◽  
Safety Models ◽  
Light Pole ◽  
The Impact

With the increasing demand for sustainability, the use of cycling as an efficient active mode of transportation is being encouraged. However, the vulnerability of cyclists to severe injuries in crashes can discourage road users from cycling. Therefore, the study of the factors that affect the safety of cyclists is important. This paper describes an investigation of the relationship between cyclist–motorist crashes and various traffic zone characteristics in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The goal was to assess the impacts of socioeconomics, land use, the built environment, and the road facility on cyclist safety through the use of macrolevel collision prediction models. The models were developed by generalized linear regression and full Bayesian techniques. An actual bike exposure indicator (the number of bike kilometers traveled) and the number of vehicle kilometers traveled were used as exposure variables in the models. The safety models showed that cyclist–motorist crashes were nonlinearly associated with an increase in bike, vehicle, and transit traffic as well as socioeconomic variables (i.e., population, employment, and household densities), variables related to the built environment (transit stop, traffic signal, and light pole densities), commercial area density, and the proportion if arterial–collector roads. The models revealed, however, a decline in cyclist–motorist crashes in association with an increase in the proportions of local roads and off-street bike links and an increase in recreational and residential area densities. The spatial effects were accounted for in the full Bayes models and were found to be significant; such a finding implies the importance of consideration of the spatial correlation in the development of macrolevel cyclist safety models.

scholarly journals Urban water bodies as the basis for functioning of public spaces

2020 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
Valentina Kurochkina
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
High Rate ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Recently, housing construction in cities has been carried out at a high rate. Increasingly, urban abandoned and flooded depressive spaces near water bodies (often rivers), which were previously used as industrial facilities or temporarily used, are becoming the sphere of architectural and landscape transformations. The restoration of such territories helps to improve the quality of urban space and improve its ecological properties. Correct development of territories near rivers and various water bodies has a great health-improving effect on the urban environment, improves its natural and climatic conditions. In addition, social and economic factors play an important role in this process, since such transformed territories and territories adjacent to them significantly increase investment attractiveness. This paper examines modern approaches to the development of urban public spaces, based on the formation of architectural environments that ensure the relationship of urban development with water bodies and adjacent territories. The paper notes that water bodies are not only an important component of the natural-ecological framework, but are also the basis for the framework of urban-planning natural-technogenic systems as a whole. And the creation of a continuous urban fabric is impossible without the organization of a ‘water’ line of development, provision of compositional, functional and communication interconnection of open urban and water spaces, which is actively being introduced today in architectural and urban planning practice. The paper examines the role of water bodies in the ecological system of the city, as well as in its structure as a whole. The aim of the study is to identify the features of the formation of a public urban space, to determine the patterns of its development, to identify criteria that reflect the nature, scale and features of the impact of urbanization on a water body. Some principles of revitalization of coastal areas, as well as the creation of a system of publicly accessible, compositionally expressive spaces are considered. The principles of space transformation aimed at the formation of a holistic image of the city, as well as the impact of such a spatial arrangement of urban and water bodies on the safety and quality of the urban environment are considered.

scholarly journals The uses of Peunayong culinary riverwalk for open space: an observation

2021 ◽  
Vol 881 (1) ◽  
pp. 012068
Author(s):  
S Dalila ◽  
I Caisarina ◽  
I M Burhan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Empty Space ◽  
Public Open Space ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Banda Aceh

Abstract The role of public open space as one of the city elements can give its own character, and in general has the function of social interaction for the community. Peunayong Culinary Riverwalk is one of the public open spaces that is used as a waterfront recreation area in Banda Aceh City. The location of the Peunayong Culinary Riverwalk is on the riverbank of the Krueng Aceh river which flows through the center of Banda Aceh City and is a strategic area of the city as the center of the Old City. Before transformed into a Culinary Peunayong Riverwalk, this area is abandoned and used as a slum empty space due to the impact of different orientations. Currently the river transportation orientation route is starting to be abandoned which causes increased access to circulation route on the land. The construction of Peunayong Culinary Riverwalk has shift the image of the city to be much better. However the government of the city is still yet optimally developed the Peunayong Culinary Riverwalk which can be seen from the availability of several facilities that have not been fulfilled, for instance is the lacking of parking lot which force the visitors to use the road as a parking lot and results in traffic jam. This is one of the causes of the poor quality of Peunayong Culinary Riverwalk as a public open space and will have an impact on the quality of urban space and the image of the city as a whole. With those problems at hands, this article will discuss further regarding the quality of Peunayong Culinary Riverwalk as a successful public open space based on four PPS criteria, namely uses & activities; access & linkages; comfort & image; and sociability [9]. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The data from this research were obtained from the results of field observations and will be analysed by coding.

scholarly journals Macro-spatial approach for evaluating the impact of socio-economics, land use, built environment, and road facility on pedestrian safety

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 1036-1044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Osama ◽  
Tarek Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Pedestrian Safety ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Traffic Exposure ◽  
Safety Models ◽  
The Impact

With the increasing demand for sustainability, walking is being encouraged as a main active mode of transportation. However, pedestrians are vulnerable to severe injuries when involved in crashes, which can discourage road users from walking. Therefore, studying the factors that affect the safety of pedestrians is important. This paper investigates the relationship between pedestrian-vehicle crashes and various zone characteristics in the city of Vancouver. The goal is to assess the impact of socio-economics, land use, built environment, and road facility on pedestrian safety using macro-level collision prediction models. The models were developed using generalized linear regression and full Bayesian techniques. Both walking trips and vehicle kilometres travelled were used as the main traffic exposure variables in the models. The safety models showed that pedestrian-motorist crashes were non-linearly positively associated with the increase in traffic exposure. The crashes were also found positively associated with the socio-economic variables (i.e., employment and household densities), some built environment variables (transit stop, traffic signal, and light pole densities), commercial area density, and arterial-collector roads proportion. On the other hand, the models revealed a decline in the pedestrian-motorist crashes associated with the increase in the proportions of pedestrian-actuated signals and local roads, as well as the increase in the recreational and residential areas’ densities. The spatial effects were accounted for in the full Bayes models and were found significant, which imply the importance of considering spatial correlation when developing macro-level pedestrian safety models.

scholarly journals Pop Up Cafe as a Creative Generator in Jakarta

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 343
Author(s):  
Albertus Prawata
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Capital Intensive

The government has a strong role to make plans and shape the city. The planning establishment by the government is based on capital-intensive strategic actions, so they can shape the urban spaces according to acertain set of values. These values are made clearly in the patterns of resource consumption. However, they often create a hierarchical gap between the people and the communities. In the city, the economy becomes the basis of how the urban spaces are shaped and created. New economic activities often have the impact in degrading the quality of the spaces. As a result, the city will lose its attractions, and people feel alienated and they become aesthetically unpleasant. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the interaction and appreciation of creative users and the citizens of the city towards the urban spaces, and how they will encourage endless collaboration amongst local citizens to create thoughtful and meaningful designs for the public. The discussion and arguments will be based on some creative activities such as pop up café/store. It has the importance to be a creative generator and become the urban fabric that support the city and be a part of the sustainable cityconcept. The engagement and ideas from the creative activities can be a strong foundation of a good urban space, that have the power to re-shape the city spaces to be more livable. Therefore, it can also bring a new identity and vibrant atmosphere to a certain area as well as to the city.

The Impact of Zoning and Built Environment Characteristics on Transit, Biking, and Walking

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-129
Author(s):  
Andrew G. Mueller ◽  
Daniel J. Trujillo
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Land Use Regulation ◽  
Policy Action ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Impact

This study furthers existing research on the link between the built environment and travel behavior, particularly mode choice (auto, transit, biking, walking). While researchers have studied built environment characteristics and their impact on mode choice, none have attempted to measure the impact of zoning on travel behavior. By testing the impact of land use regulation in the form of zoning restrictions on travel behavior, this study expands the literature by incorporating an additional variable that can be changed through public policy action and may help cities promote sustainable real estate development goals. Using a unique, high-resolution travel survey dataset from Denver, Colorado, we develop a multinomial discrete choice model that addresses unobserved travel preferences by incorporating sociodemographic, built environment, and land use restriction variables. The results suggest that zoning can be tailored by cities to encourage reductions in auto usage, furthering sustainability goals in transportation.

scholarly journals “The street is ours”. A comparative analysis of street trading, Covid-19 and new street geographies in Harare, Zimbabwe and Kisumu, Kenya

Food Security ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Kiaka ◽  
Shiela Chikulo ◽  
Sacha Slootheer ◽  
Paul Hebinck
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Urban Food Security ◽  
Street Trading ◽  
Food Economy ◽  
City State ◽  
Abstract Spaces ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

AbstractThis collaborative and comparative paper deals with the impact of Covid-19 on the use and governance of public space and street trade in particular in two major African cities. The importance of street trading for urban food security and urban-based livelihoods is beyond dispute. Trading on the streets does, however, not occur in neutral or abstract spaces, but rather in lived-in and contested spaces, governed by what is referred to as ‘street geographies’, evoking outbreaks of violence and repression. Vendors are subjected to the politics of municipalities and the state to modernize the socio-spatial ordering of the city and the urban food economy through restructuring, regulating, and restricting street vending. Street vendors are harassed, streets are swept clean, and hygiene standards imposed. We argue here that the everyday struggle for the street has intensified since and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Mobility and the use of urban space either being restricted by the city-state or being defended and opened up by street traders, is common to the situation in Harare and Kisumu. Covid-19, we pose, redefines, and creates ‘new’ street geographies. These geographies pivot on agency and creativity employed by street trade actors while navigating the lockdown measures imposed by state actors. Traders navigate the space or room for manoeuvre they create for themselves, but this space unfolds only temporarily, opens for a few only and closes for most of the street traders who become more uncertain and vulnerable than ever before, irrespective of whether they are licensed, paying rents for vending stalls to the city, or ‘illegally’ vending on the street.

scholarly journals A Model-Based Tool for Assessing the Impact of Land Use Change Scenarios on Flood Risk in Small-Scale River Systems—Part 1: Pre-Processing of Scenario Based Flood Characteristics for the Current State of Land Use

Hydrology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Frauke Kachholz ◽  
Jens Tränckner
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Ungauged Catchments ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Impact

Land use changes influence the water balance and often increase surface runoff. The resulting impacts on river flow, water level, and flood should be identified beforehand in the phase of spatial planning. In two consecutive papers, we develop a model-based decision support system for quantifying the hydrological and stream hydraulic impacts of land use changes. Part 1 presents the semi-automatic set-up of physically based hydrological and hydraulic models on the basis of geodata analysis for the current state. Appropriate hydrological model parameters for ungauged catchments are derived by a transfer from a calibrated model. In the regarded lowland river basins, parameters of surface and groundwater inflow turned out to be particularly important. While the calibration delivers very good to good model results for flow (Evol =2.4%, R = 0.84, NSE = 0.84), the model performance is good to satisfactory (Evol = −9.6%, R = 0.88, NSE = 0.59) in a different river system parametrized with the transfer procedure. After transferring the concept to a larger area with various small rivers, the current state is analyzed by running simulations based on statistical rainfall scenarios. Results include watercourse section-specific capacities and excess volumes in case of flooding. The developed approach can relatively quickly generate physically reliable and spatially high-resolution results. Part 2 builds on the data generated in part 1 and presents the subsequent approach to assess hydrologic/hydrodynamic impacts of potential land use changes.

scholarly journals Social Perception and Urbanscape Identity of Flagship Cultural Developments in Szczecin (in the Re-Urbanization Context)

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 398
Author(s):  
Eliza Sochacka ◽  
Magdalena Rzeszotarska-Pałka
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Perception ◽  
Local Identity ◽  
Functional Complexity ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
Urban Strategy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Cultural Developments

A growing number of urban interventions, such as culture-led regeneration strategies, has emerged alongside growing awareness of the concept of re-urbanization. These interventions evolve to create a holistic urban vision, with aims to promote social cohesion and strengthen local identity as opposed to traditional goals of measuring the economic impact of new cultural developments. Szczecin’s, Poland urban strategy is focused on the expansion of culture—a condition for improving the quality of life and increasing the city’s attractiveness. This article assesses the potential for re-urbanization of Szczecin’s flagship cultural developments. Questionnaire surveys and qualitative research methods were used to assess the characteristics that distinguish cultural projects in the formal, location-related, functional, and symbolic layers, as well as examining their social perception. The results show that the strength of these indicators of urbanscape identity affects how the cultural developments are assessed by the society. Semiotic coherence and functional complexity of the structures have a significant impact on the sense of identification, while their monumentality and exposure contribute to the assessment of the impact on their surroundings. A development with a firm identity, embedded in the city’s tradition not only preserves the cultural heritage of the city but also makes inhabitants feel association with the new project.

scholarly journals DAMPAK PERUBAHAN GUNA LAHAN TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN RESAPAN AIR (KASUS: KOTA SAMARINDA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warsilan Warsilan
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
City Development ◽  
Water Catchment Area ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
City Culture ◽  
Water Catchment ◽  
The Impact

As the capital of the province of East Kalimantan, Samarinda City developments has a rapid progress from year to year. Samarinda City Development has a tendency oriented towards infrastructure development without regard to the existence of the quality of the existing environment. Imbalance of development in Samarinda city is to start decreasing the water catchment area, so its make increasing intensity of flood in the Samarinda City. The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of changes in land use in the Samarinda city on the ability of the water catchment area. This research method using descriptive approach, the data collection system of primary and secondary. Intensity flood in the Samarinda city  is increasing from year to year, this condition happened as a problem that always occurs during the rainy season. Current development trends, always take an area that should be an infiltration  area for Samarinda City. Culture and inadequate infrastructure conditions such as lack of system of drainage and polder, was another factor causing the high intensity of flood  in Samarinda City. Therefore, the relevant regulations development guidelines for Samarinda  City must consider all aspects of planning, in this case especially the important of a balance of cultivated land and protected areas or zones.Keywords: Changes in land use; intensity of puddles; Samarinda

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