Dwarfism in Tibetan Terrier dogs with an LHX3 mutation

2021 ◽  
pp. 104063872110075
Author(s):  
Tuddow Thaiwong ◽  
Sarah Corner ◽  
Stacey La Forge ◽  
Matti Kiupel
Keyword(s):  
Hair Loss ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Early Death ◽  
Deletion Mutation ◽  
Recessive Trait ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Trait ◽  
German Shepherd ◽  
Hair Coat ◽  
Pituitary Dwarfism ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Manner

Canine pituitary dwarfism in German Shepherd and related dog breeds has been reported to be associated with a 7-bp deletion mutation in intron 5 of the LHX3 gene. This mutation is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait that results in dwarf dogs with significantly smaller stature and abnormal haircoat, and potentially early death. Phenotypically, affected adult dogs are proportionally dwarfs. These dwarfs also have a soft, woolly puppy coat that fails to transition into the typical adult hair coat, and marked hair loss occurs in some dogs. We report a similar manifestation of dwarfism in Tibetan Terriers with the same LHX3 mutation. Dwarf Tibetan Terrier puppies were born physically normal but failed to gain weight or to grow at the same rate as their normal littermates. The 7-bp deletion mutation of the LHX3 gene was identified in both alleles of 3 Tibetan Terrier dwarfs from 3 litters, which were biologically related. All parents of these dogs are carriers, confirming transmission of dwarfism in an autosomal recessive manner. Recognition and detection of this mutation will help in guiding future breeding plans to eventually eliminate this trait from Tibetan Terriers.

Arthrogryposis multiplex with deafness, inguinal hernias, and early death: A family report of a probably autosomal recessive trait

2005 ◽  
Vol 137A (2) ◽  
pp. 125-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Tiemann ◽  
Christoph Bührer ◽  
Barbara Burwinkel ◽  
Michael Wirtenberger ◽  
Thomas Hoehn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Early Death ◽  
Recessive Trait ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Trait ◽  
Inguinal Hernias

Trimethylaminuria (‘fish-odour syndrome’): A study of an affected family

1988 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makram Al-Waiz ◽  
Riad Ayesh ◽  
Stephen C. Mitchell ◽  
Jeffrey R. Idle ◽  
Robert L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Inborn Error ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Oral Challenge ◽  
Recessive Trait ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Trait ◽  
Challenge Dose ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Family ◽  
Body Odour

1. Beginning with a single propositus, who had been previously diagnosed at the age of 10 as suffering from trimethylaminuria (fish-odour syndrome), both her parents and two sisters were investigated biochemically with respect to their ability to N-oxidize trimethylamine (TMA), both when derived from the diet and when administered exogenously. 2. Both the propositus and a second sister were markedly deficient in their ability to N-oxidize TMA, both when derived from the diet and when given as such; furthermore, both siblings readily developed the symptoms of fish-odour syndrome as characterized by a strong objectionable breath and body odour shortly after the oral administration of TMA (300 mg). 3. At this dose level of TMA, neither of the parents nor the third sister showed any evidence of impaired N-oxidation ability nor did they experience any ‘fish-odour’ symptoms. 4. With an oral challenge of 600 mg of TMA, both the parents showed a clear impairment of N-oxidation capacity which was not seen in six healthy unrelated volunteers. Both parents experienced a fish-odour syndrome at this level of TMA challenge. 5. The family data support the hypothesis that trimethylaminuria is an inborn error in the ability to N-oxidize TMA which is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Furthermore, experience with this family suggests that an oral challenge dose with 600 mg of TMA may be used to identify carriers of the condition.

scholarly journals Hereditary C2 deficiency: Genetic studies and association with the HL-A system.

1975 ◽  
Vol 141 (6) ◽  
pp. 1464-1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
N K Day ◽  
R L'Esperance ◽  
R A Good ◽  
A F Michael ◽  
J A Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Recessive Trait ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Trait ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Large Pedigree ◽  
Deficient Patient ◽  
Heterozygous Carriers ◽  
C2 Deficiency

Herediatary C2-deficiency has been shown to be transmitted asn an autosomal recessive characteristic. Recent evidence indicates that some genetic factors involved in the control of the complement (C) system in both man and mice are governed by genes localized within the major histocompatibility regionmthis study describes a large pedigree of the paternal family of a C2-deficient patient with systemic lupus erythematosusl It is shown that this condition is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait, the heterozygous carriers having approximately half normal levels of C2. Furthermore, this trait was shown to be inherited in close linkage with an infrequent HL-A typw, 2,4A2. The maternal, C2-defective chromosome was shown to be transmitted by HL-AW10, W18 haplotypemthis same haplotype was described in a similar study by Fu et al. (6) to be associated with C2 deficiencymfinally, a third haplotype HL-A2,W18 carrying a defective C2 gene was demonstrated in a part of this pedigree.

Anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia as autosomal recessive trait in an inbred kindred

1966 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eberhard Passarge ◽  
C. Thomas Nuzum ◽  
William K. Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Ectodermal Dysplasia ◽  
Recessive Trait ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Trait ◽  
Anhidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia

Hypophysarer Zwergwuchs beim Deutschen Schäferhund [Pituitary Dwarfism in a German Shepherd Dog—author's trans]

1980 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Müller-Peddinghaus ◽  
M. F. El Etreby ◽  
J. Siefert ◽  
M. Ranke
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Recessive Trait ◽  
German Shepherd ◽  
Serum Growth Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Dwarfism ◽  
Rathke’S Pouch ◽  
Rathke's Pouch ◽  
German Shepherd Dog ◽  
Normal Offspring

Pituitary Dwarfism in a German Shepherd Dog Pituitary dwarfism has been described in more than 20 German shepherd dogs. Some cases probably were caused by persistent cysts of Rathke's pouch. This is the first histopathological, immunohistochemical and endocrinological study. A 13-month-old, 7-kg, dwarf purebred German shepherd bitch with alopecia and hyper pigmentation was admitted to the clinic for euthanasia. Retardation of growth was noticed when the dog was about two months old. No littermates had this condition. Two subsequent breedings from the same parents produced normal offspring. The clinical parameters in our dog (hematology, function of liver and kidney) were normal. Grossly, the pituitary gland had small and large multiple cysts, which light microscopy showed to be exclusively within the adenohypophysis. The latter had pressure atrophy, and immunohistochemically showed only remnants of the hormone-producing cells (growth hormone—GH; prolactin—PRL; thyrotropin—TSH; luteinizing hormone—LH; adrenocorticotrophin—ACTH/MSH). The thyroid was relatively small, and histologically showed focally resting follicles without lumen. Endocrinological studies showed a surprisingly high value for serum growth hormone (cGH 4.1 ng/ml; normal range 1.8–3.8 ng/ml as determined by a specific homologous radioimmunoassay) and a pathologically low serum somatomedin (SM 0.132; normal value more than 0.50 unit/ml, determined by 35S incorporation in piglet rib cartilage). Hypothyroidism was verified by a low T4 binding value (T4 0.9 μg/100 ml; normal 4.1 ± 0.9 μg/100 ml) and a low thyroid binding index (TBI 0.54; normal 0.61 ± 0.05). While ACTH was lowered (ACTH <10 pg/ml; normal 74–210 pg/ml), cortisol was normal (0.81 μg/100 ml; normal 0.5–2.5 μg/100 ml). Pituitary dwarfism in the 13-month-old bitch can be ascribed to the persistence of one end of the ductus craniopharyngeus. Rathke's pouch. Pressure atrophy of the adenohypophysis led to the loss of most of the hormone-producing tissue. An increase in growth hormone with lowered somatomedin raises questions. We have no conclusive explanation for this, due to the present lack of knowledge of how growth is regulated. High growth hormone and low somatomedin values are found in Laron's syndrome in infants. The literature indicates that pituitary dwarfism in German shepherd dogs may be a hereditary autosomal recessive trait.

Pedal polydactyly. A case report

1989 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 454-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
AL Sonoga ◽  
GG Guttmann
Keyword(s):  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Autosomal Dominant ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Radiographic Evaluation ◽  
Recessive Trait ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Trait ◽  
Foot Function

Polydactyly is a common pedal deformity with great variation in clinical presentation. There is a tendency toward a higher incidence in previously affected families, but the actual occurrence rate of the different forms of polydactyly has not been agreed upon in the literature to date. Most authors agree that the isolated deformity is an expression of an autosomal dominant gene with varied penetrance. Syndromatically associated polydactyly is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Surgical intervention should be attempted as early as possible. Correction should be undertaken only after a thorough clinical and radiographic evaluation has been performed. The patient's postoperative goals should always be considered. It is not necessary to remove the supernumerary digit if it does not interfere with the foot's function and comfort. Cosmesis should not be the chief consideration. The surgeon should strive to return the foot to a more normal contour while maintaining or improving foot function.

S-mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase is inherited as an autosomal-recessive trait in Japanese families

1987 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
S A Ward ◽  
F Goto ◽  
K Nakamura ◽  
E Jacqz ◽  
G R Wilkinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Recessive Trait ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Trait
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document