Effect of administration rate on propofol requirement in cats

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato LS Oliveira ◽  
Clarissa MR Moreira ◽  
Myla CB Barcellos ◽  
Camile PP Silva ◽  
Jorge GC Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Anesthetic Induction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sedation Scores ◽  
Adequate Sedation ◽  
Descriptive Scale ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Administration Rate

Objectives The objective of this study was to determine the effect of administration rate on propofol dose for induction of anesthesia and the effect of methadone on this dose. Methods This was a prospective, randomized, blinded clinical study. Forty male cats (mean ± SD age 1.5 ± 0.8 years) were admitted for orchiectomy. Cats were randomly allocated to receive acepromazine (0.05 mg/kg) with either methadone (MET; 0.3 mg/kg) or saline (SAL; 0.03 ml/kg). Each premedication group then received anesthetic induction with propofol at 5 (F) or 1.5 mg/kg/min (S), resulting in the following four groups: MET-F, SAL-F, MET-S and SAL-S. Sedation scores were assigned at 15 and 30 mins after premedication using a simple descriptive scale (SDS) and a visual analog scale (VAS). After assignment of sedation scores, respiratory frequency ( fR) was recorded, and anesthetic induction began and was continued until cats lost their palpebral reflexes and jaw tone, and the eye globe rotated ventromedially. The time for induction and the total amount of propofol needed was recorded, and intubation was then performed. After intubation, fR was also recorded. Results SDS and VAS sedation scores were low at 15 and 30 mins after premedication. There was no significant difference in sedation scores by time or between the groups at any time on any scale. The amount of propofol needed to achieve anesthetic induction was 5.3 ± 1.1 mg/kg in group MET-F, which was statistically lower when compared with the other three groups, which demonstrated no difference among them. Conclusions and relevance Premedication with acepromazine and methadone was not able to produce adequate sedation in healthy cats. The slow induction rate is not adequate for use in cats considering that all of the animals demonstrated excitement during anesthetic induction. The fast administration rate was able to produce adequate induction of anesthesia and reduce the amount of propofol needed to achieve intubation only when using methadone.

scholarly journals Effect of platelet-rich plasma on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement:

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed El-Timamy ◽  
Fouad El Sharaby ◽  
Faten Eid ◽  
Amr El Dakroury ◽  
Yehya Mostafa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positive Potential ◽  
Canine Retraction ◽  
Steady Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Retraction Force

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the effect of local injection of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. Materials and Methods Sixteen female patients were randomly allocated in a split-mouth study design to receive PRP injections with CaCl2 activating solution on one side (intervention side) while the other side received CaCl2 injection only (control side). Canine retraction was performed on 0.017 × 0.025-inch stainless steel archwire applying 1.5 N retraction force. PRP and CaCl2 injections were done at 0, 3, and 6 weeks. The duration of the study was 4 months. Data were collected from digitized models. Assessment of pain accompanying the procedure was done using a visual analogue scale. Results The rate of canine retraction was faster on the intervention side in the first 2 months, with a statistically significant difference in the first month (P = .049). On the other hand, the rate was statistically significantly slower on the intervention side in the third month following cessation of PRP injections (P = .02). Pain increased following injections on both sides. Conclusions PRP showed a positive potential to accelerate the rate of tooth movement when injected in the first 2 months. Repeated injections of PRP to maintain a steady rate of accelerated tooth movement warrant further investigation.

scholarly journals Post-Cholecystectomy Pulmonary Function following Interpleural Bupivacaine and Intramuscular Pethidine

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Oxorn ◽  
G. S. Whatley
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Postoperative Analgesia ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pulmonary Mechanics ◽  
Postoperative Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
To Receive

Twenty-four patients who were to undergo cholecystectomy were randomised into two groups, one to receive postoperative analgesia with interpleural bupivacaine, 20 ml of a 0.5% solution with adrenaline 5 μg/ml, and the other to receive intramuscular pethidine, 1 mg/kg. Preoperative and postoperative pulmonary function, postoperative pain scores, and days from operation to hospital discharge were recorded and statistically compared. There was no significant difference in pain scores, nor in days to discharge; however, postoperative pulmonary mechanics were significantly poorer in the interpleural group. A hypothesis to explain the differences is offered.

scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE CLINICAL STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFICACY OF DARVYADI LEHYA AND DRAKSHADI LEHYA IN PANDU ROGA W.S.R TO I.D.A

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 4324-4328
Author(s):  
Karthika Raj ◽  
Susheel Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
Data Base ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
The Other ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Comparative Clinical Study ◽  
Global Data

Pandu is a Pitta Pradhana Tridoshaja Vikara affecting the Rasavaha srotas causing Sapta Dhatu Kshaya and Ojokshaya1. The disease is characterized by Panduvamata and Arohana Ayasa. Karnakshweda, Agnimandya, Daurbalya, Annadwesha, Srama, Bhrama, Gathrashoola, Arohanaayasa, Aruchi, Gaurava etc. are the other symptoms commonly found in the patients of Pandu. In the Present era, Anaemia is a burning issue around the world and W.H.O Global data base 2011 reveals that, in a 120 million population, 83% people are suffering from anaemia2.Present study was conducted on 60 diagnosed patients of Panduwho were randomly allocated with 30 each in two groups. Darvyadhi Lehya was given for one group and Drakshadhi Lehya a widely used formulation in clinical practice was given for another group. The study was conducted in 60 subjects for a period of 30 days. Clinical features and haematological parameters were documented before and after the treatment. The results of the study showed that, a statistically significant difference was not seen between the effect of Darvyadi and Drakshadilehya in Pandu roga.

A randomized clinical trial comparing butorphanol and buprenorphine within a multimodal analgesic protocol in cats undergoing orchiectomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 760-767
Author(s):  
Kira LM Moser ◽  
Michelle MM Hasiuk ◽  
Tatum Armstrong ◽  
Marta Gunn ◽  
Daniel SJ Pang
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Rescue Analgesia ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Single Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Sedation Scores ◽  
To Receive

Objectives The aim of this study was to compare the effects of butorphanol and buprenorphine, as part of a multimodal analgesic protocol, on recovery and analgesia in cats undergoing orchiectomy. Methods In a prospective, randomized, blind clinical trial, 47 adult male cats were randomly assigned to receive either butorphanol (0.3 mg/kg, n = 24) or buprenorphine (0.02 mg/kg, n = 23) in combination with dexmedetomidine (25 μg/kg) and alfaxalone (2 mg/kg) as a single intramuscular injection for the induction of general anesthesia. Isoflurane carried in oxygen was supplemented as needed during orchiectomy. All cats received lidocaine (2 mg/kg intratesticular), meloxicam (0.3 mg/kg SC) and atipamezole (125 μg/kg IM) postoperatively. Pain and sedation scales were applied at baseline, and 2, 4 and 6 h postoperatively. Time to achieve sternal recumbency and to begin eating were also recorded. Results Pain scale scores were low and showed no difference between the treatment groups at all time points ( P ⩾0.99, all time points). Four cats exceeded the analgesia intervention threshold for rescue analgesia (butorphanol, n = 3; buprenorphine, n = 1). There was no difference in sedation scores between groups at any time point ( P >0.99, all time points). Significantly more cats in the buprenorphine group (n = 12) required isoflurane than in the butorphanol group (n = 2) ( P = 0.0013; relative risk 6.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.8–23.5). There was no significant difference in time to achieve sternal recumbency ( P = 0.96, 95% CI –20 to 20) between groups or in return to eating ( P = 0.48, 95% CI –92.0 to 113.5), with most cats eating within 1 h of surgery (butorphanol, 79%; buprenorphine, 83%). Conclusions and relevance There were no significant differences in analgesia or recovery between butorphanol and buprenorphine treatment groups as part of a multimodal injectable anesthetic protocol. Butorphanol is associated with superior depth of anesthesia, facilitating injectable anesthesia.

Sedative effects of acepromazine in combination with nalbuphine or butorphanol, intramuscularly or intravenously, in healthy cats: a randomized, blinded clinical trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1098612X2096275
Author(s):  
Gabriela P Costa ◽  
Eduardo R Monteiro ◽  
Éder J Marques ◽  
Rafael C Beck ◽  
Rafael K Carneiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Systolic Arterial Pressure ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Main Adverse Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sedative Effects ◽  
Sedation Scores ◽  
Descriptive Scale

Objectives The aim of this study was to compare the sedative effects in cats administered acepromazine–nalbuphine and acepromazine–butorphanol, intramuscularly (IM) and intravenously (IV), and the occurrence of adverse cardiorespiratory effects. Methods Forty-six cats were randomly divided into four groups and administered acepromazine (0.05 mg/kg) combined with nalbuphine (0.5 mg/kg) or butorphanol (0.4 mg/kg), IV (ACP-NALIV and ACP-BUTIV groups, respectively) or IM (ACP-NALIM and ACP-BUTIM groups, respectively). Sedation scores, ease of intravenous catheter placement (simple descriptive scale [SDS] scores), physiologic variables, venous blood gases and the propofol dose required for anesthetic induction were recorded. Results Mild sedation was observed in all groups approximately 30 mins after treatment administration (timepoint T1, prior to propofol administration). Sedation scores at T1 increased above baseline in all groups ( P <0.05), but no significant difference was observed among groups. Dynamic interactive visual analogue scale sedation scores (range 0–100 mm) recorded at T1 were (median [interquartile range]): ACP-NALIM, 12 (10–12); ACP-NALIV, 11 (6–16); ACP-BUTIM, 11 (7–14); and ACP-BUTIV, 12 (7–19). Overall, SDS scores did not change from baseline at T1 and there was no significant difference among groups. The propofol dose did not differ among groups. Blood gases remained within the reference intervals for cats. Significant decreases from baseline were detected for all groups in systolic arterial pressure (SAP). Mean ± SD values at T1 were (mmHg): ACP-NALIM, 108 ± 13; ACP-NALIV, 102 ± 10; ACP-BUTIM, 97 ± 13; and ACP-BUTIV, 98 ± 21. Arterial hypotension (SAP <90 mmHg) was recorded at T1 in 0/11, 1/13, 4/11 and 5/11 cats in groups ACP-NALIM, ACP-NALIV, ACP-BUTIM and ACP-BUTIV, respectively, and was further exacerbated after the induction of anesthesia with propofol. Conclusions and relevance In healthy cats administered acepromazine–nalbuphine and acepromazine–butorphanol, IM and IV, the degree of sedation was mild regardless of the protocol and the route of administration. The main adverse effect observed was a reduction in arterial blood pressure.

Three-Month Evaluation of Vital Tooth Bleaching Using Light Units—A Randomized Clinical Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Polydorou ◽  
M Wirsching ◽  
M Wokewitz ◽  
P Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tooth Bleaching ◽  
Bleaching Process ◽  
Randomized Clinical Study ◽  
Significant Difference

SUMMARY The aim of this study was to evaluate the color stability of vital bleaching using a halogen unit, laser, or only chemical activation up to three months after treatment. A total of 60 patients were divided into three groups, and their teeth were bleached with 38% hydrogen peroxide using three methods: acceleration of the bleaching process with halogen (eight minutes), laser (30 seconds), or chemical activation only. All teeth were bleached a maximum of four times (4 × 15 minutes) until a change of six shade tabs took place. The color was evaluated both visually and with a spectrophotometer before bleaching, immediately after bleaching, and one and three months after bleaching. Directly after bleaching, the use of halogen showed better results than laser (p≤0.05). One and three months after bleaching, no significant difference was found between the tested methods relative to the shade change, independent of the method of shade evaluation (p&gt;0.05). As far as the color stability is concerned, bleaching with halogen resulted in stable color throughout the three months (p&gt;0.05), whereas the other two methods resulted in whiter teeth after one and three months compared with the color directly after bleaching (p≤0.05). Bleaching with laser needed more time than halogen for the desired shade change (p≤0.05). Although directly after treatment bleaching with halogen resulted in better results, one and three months after bleaching the kind of acceleration used in the bleaching process did not have any effect on the esthetic results.

Is there a BP benefit of changing the time of aspirin administration in treated hypertensive patients?

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 706-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Dimitrov ◽  
Jean-Philippe Baguet ◽  
Carine Hottelart ◽  
Philippe Marboeuf ◽  
Jean-Michel Tartiere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Cardiovascular Prevention ◽  
The Other ◽  
Assessment Criterion ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Principal Assessment ◽  
Ambulatory Bp Monitoring ◽  
Timing Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
To Receive

Background and design: The effects of aspirin on blood pressure (BP) are controversial and a chronopharmacological effect of aspirin on 24-hour BP was reported recently in otherwise untreated hypertensive patients. The study was designed to test the timing effect of aspirin dosing on 24-hour BP in treated hypertensive patients routinely taking aspirin for cardiovascular prevention. Method and results: Seventy-five patients were randomized into two groups. One group was to receive aspirin in the evening then in the morning for 1 month and the other group in the morning then in the evening, following a cross-over design. The principal assessment criterion was 24-hour systolic BP (SBP) measured by 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM). Patients were aged 65 ± 9 years and had been hypertensive for 12 ± 10 years. They were all taking a mean of 2.8 antihypertensive drugs and did not modify their treatment throughout the study. Of the included subjects, 70% were men and 33% were diabetics. Mean 24-hour SBP values were clinically equivalent and were not statistically different, depending on whether the aspirin was taking in the morning or evening (128.3 ± 1.4 vs. 128.3 ± 1.4 mmHg, respectively). Neither was there any significant difference in diurnal and nocturnal SBP or in 24-hour, diurnal, and nocturnal diastolic BP (DBP). Conclusion: It does not appear useful to advise patients with long-standing hypertension to modify timing of aspirin intake in order to reduce BP values.

Comparison of salicylic acid and urea versus ammonium lactate for the treatment of foot xerosis. A randomized, double-blind, clinical study

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (7) ◽  
pp. 332-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
MB Jennings ◽  
D Alfieri ◽  
K Ward ◽  
C Lesczczynski
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
Paired Comparison ◽  
The Other ◽  
Double Blind Trial ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Ammonium Lactate ◽  
Significant Difference

Xerosis is defined as dehydration of skin characterized by redness, dry scaling, and fine crackling that may resemble the crackling of porcelain. The present double-blind trial was a randomized paired comparison study evaluating the keratolytic effect of 5% salicylic acid and 10% urea ointment (Kerasal) on one foot and 12% ammonium lactate lotion (Lac-Hydrin) on the other foot in mild-to-moderate xerosis. Seventy patients were initially enrolled in the trial. Fifty-four patients were evaluated after 2 weeks of treatment; of those 54 patients, 39 were evaluated after 4 weeks of treatment. Although there was significant improvement in severity of xerosis after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment, there was no statistically significant difference between treatment groups. Irrespective of the mechanism of action, this study shows that both Kerasal and Lac-Hydrin 12% lotion result in reduction in the severity of xerosis after 4 weeks of therapy.

scholarly journals Comparison of Oral Trichlophos and Intranasal Midazolam for Sedation in Minimally Invasive Paediatric Procedures (RAMT Study)

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
Manoj Sharma ◽  
Kamal K. Yenamandra ◽  
Jitu Kalita ◽  
Shaswat Dash ◽  
Daljit Singh
Keyword(s):  
P Value ◽  
Midazolam Group ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adequate Sedation ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
The Mean ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Intranasal Midazolam ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: Uncooperative child does not allow completion of procedures, denying valuable data required for clinicians. Material and Methods: An open labelled parallel group prospective randomized control study was conducted at zonal hospital Jorhat. We evaluated 200 children randomized into two groups using computer based randomization. Participants aged 3 months to 5 years (n=200) were randomized to receive 50 mg/kg Triclofos sodium orally or intranasal spray of midazolam 0.2 mg/kg. Results: Adequate sedation (Ramsay reactivity score of 3 and 4) was obtained in 86% children in midazolam group as compared to 80% in triclofos group with p value of 0.138. Mean duration for onset of sedation was 20 min ± 5.4 min in Trichlophos group and 12 min ± 4.5 min with Intranasal Midazolam which was statistically significant with p-value of <0.001. The mean duration of post procedural sedation was found to be 24.00 ± 9.21 min in midazolam group and 49.00 ± 16.99 min in triclofos group (p=<0.001) which was statistically significant. No significant difference was seen for side effects frequency between the two drugs (15% in Triclofos, 10% in Midazolam group; p=0.285). Conclusion: We conclude that intranasal midazolam is more effective than oral trichlophos with a comparable safety profile. CTRI Trial Number: /2017/08/009448.  

scholarly journals Empirical and philosophical analysis of physicians’ judgments of medical indications

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 190-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joar Björk ◽  
Niels Lynöe ◽  
Niklas Juth
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
The Other ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Neutral Group ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Medical Indication ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Medical Indications ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Indication For Treatment

Background The aim of this study was to investigate whether physicians who felt strongly for or against a treatment, in this case a moderately life prolonging non-curative cancer treatment, differed in their estimation of medical indication for this treatment as compared to physicians who had no such sentiment. A further aim was to investigate how the notion of medical indication was conceptualised. Methods A random sample of GPs, oncologists and pulmonologists (n = 646) comprised the study group. Respondents were randomised to receive either version of a case presentation; in one version, the patient had smoked and in the other version she had never smoked. The physicians were labelled value-neutral (65%) and value-influenced (35%) on the basis of their attitude towards the treatment. Results In the ‘value-influenced’ group, there was a significant difference in the estimation of medical indication for treatment depending upon whether the patient had smoked (50% (95% CI: 41–59) or never smoked (67% (95% CI: 58–76) (Chi-2 = 5.8, df = 1; p = 0.016)). There was no such difference in the ‘value-neutral’ group. Conclusion This study shows that compared to value-neutral physicians, value-influenced physicians are more likely to base decisions of medical indication on medically irrelevant factors (in this case: the patient’s smoking status). Moreover, medical indication is used in an ambiguous manner. Hence, we recommend that the usage of ‘medical indication’ be disciplined.

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