scholarly journals Gambling harms caused by electronic gambling machines should be prevented with state control

2021 ◽  
pp. 145507252110340
Author(s):  
Johanna Järvinen-Tassopoulos ◽  
Virve Marionneau ◽  
Janne Nikkinen
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
State Control ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Electronic Gambling Machines ◽  
Electronic Gambling ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Gambling Harms

Unlike in other Nordic countries, most of the electronic gambling machines (EGMs) are placed outside the Casino Helsinki and the gambling arcades in Finland. The placement of EGMs in non-casino locations, such as supermarkets, kiosks, and petrol stations, is matter of serious concern. We argue that availability and accessibility of EGMs has led to normalisation and banalisation of gambling in Finland. Exposure to EGMs also put at risk vulnerable populations and problem gamblers, who already suffer from the negative consequences of gambling harms. Gambling companies’ self-regulation initiatives and corporate social responsibility programmes are not enough to prevent and limit EGM related gambling harms. We suggest that Finland should follow Norway’s example and limit the availability of EGMs and transfer them from non-casino locations to gambling arcades. Finnish EGM policy should be a question of public policy guided by public health concerns.

scholarly journals Being a Gambler during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study with Italian Patients and the Effects of Reduced Exposition

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 424
Author(s):  
Maria Anna Donati ◽  
Silvia Cabrini ◽  
Daniela Capitanucci ◽  
Caterina Primi ◽  
Roberta Smaniotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Gambling Behavior ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Electronic Gambling Machines ◽  
Electronic Gambling ◽  
Gambling Market ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gambling Activities

The COVID-19 pandemic, with the consequent lockdown of about 3 months, can be viewed as an experimental model to observe the impact of the depletion of environmental factors that stimulate gambling, particularly electronic gambling machines (EGMs) that were set to zero. The effects of some structural characteristics of gambling activities that increase gambling behavior were studied among disordered gamblers in treatment in this unique scenario. In fact, studies investigating the effects of the lockdown on problem gamblers (PGs) under treatment are missing. The aims of this study were to analyze patients’ gambling behavior and craving during the lockdown and to conduct a comparison between gambling disorder (GD) symptoms at the beginning of the treatment and during lockdown. The study was conducted in Italy, the European country with the largest gambling market and the first to be affected by the virus. Data were collected through a semi-structured telephone interview conducted by healthcare professionals. Participants were 135 PGs under treatment (109 males, mean age = 50.07). Results showed that most PGs achieved a significant improvement in their quality of life, with less gambling behavior, GD symptoms, and lower craving. No shift toward online gambling and very limited shift towards other potential addictive and excessive behaviors occurred. The longer the treatment, the more monitoring is present and the better the results in terms of symptoms reduction. Individual and environmental characteristics during the lockdown favored the reduction in symptoms. Consideration for prevention and treatment are discussed.

scholarly journals House-edge information and a volatility warning reduce gambling initiation and persistence: superior alternatives to return-to-player percentages

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Warren Stirling Newall ◽  
Christopher Byrne ◽  
Alex M T Russell ◽  
Matthew Rockloff
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Edge Information ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Electronic Gambling Machines ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Electronic Gambling ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Related Harm

Cost-of-play information is one public health intervention recommended to help reduce gambling-related harm. In the UK, this information is given on electronic gambling machines in a format known as the “return-to-player”, e.g., “This game has an average percentage payout of 90%.” However, previous evidence suggests that this information could be improved by equivalently restating it in terms of the “house-edge”, e.g., “This game keeps 10% of all money bet.” A “volatility warning,” stating that this information applies only in the statistical long-run, has also been recommended to help gamblers understand cost-of-play information. However, there is no evidence comparing these information provisions’ effect on gamblers’ behavior. An experiment tested US gamblers’(N=2,433) incentivized behavior in an online slot machine, where this information was manipulated between-participants along with a counter showing the total amount bet. Preregistered analyses showed that participants gambled significantly less when house-edge information or a volatility warning were shown compared to standard return-to-player information, with no effect of the total amount bet counter, and no significant interaction effects. These results suggest that improved cost-of-play information could benefit a public health approach to gambling.

scholarly journals Construct Development for the FocaL Adult Gambling Screen (FLAGS): A Risk Measurement for Gambling Harm and Problem Gambling Associated with Electronic Gambling Machines

2015 ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Schellinck ◽  
Tracy Schrans ◽  
Heather Schellinck ◽  
Michael Bliemel
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Construct Development ◽  
Electronic Gambling Machines ◽  
Impaired Control ◽  
Electronic Gambling ◽  
Single Instrument ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Measurement Approach

This is the first of two papers describing the development of the FocaL Adult Gambling Screen for Electronic Gambling Machine players (FLAGS-EGM). FLAGS-EGM is a measurement approach for identifying gambling risk, a tool that incorporates separate reflective and formative constructs into a single instrument. A set of statements was developed that captured ten constructs associated with gambling risk or which were considered components of problem gambling. Following completion of focus groups with regular slot players, a survey with the reduced set of statements was then administered to a sample of 374 casino slot players in Ontario, Canada. Nine of the proposed constructs passed tests for reliability and validity (Risky Cognitions Beliefs, Risky Cognitions Motives, Preoccupation Desire, Risky Practices Earlier, Risky Practices Later, Impaired Control Continue a Session, Impaired Control Begin a Session, Negative Consequences, and Persistence). A tenth construct (Preoccupation Obsession) requires further development through the addition of improved statements.

scholarly journals Instrument Development for the FocaL Adult Gambling Screen (FLAGS-EGM): A Measurement of Risk and Problem Gambling Associated with Electronic Gambling Machines

2015 ◽  
pp. 174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Schellinck ◽  
Tracy Schrans ◽  
Heather Schellinck ◽  
Michael Bliemel
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Electronic Gambling Machines ◽  
Target Values ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Electronic Gambling ◽  
Selection Of

Previous research, based on a survey of 374 electronic machine gamblers living in Ontario, Canada, led to the selection of statements and the creation of ten constructs for the development of a new instrument, the FocaL Adult Gambling Screen for Electronic Gambling Machines (FLAGS-EGM). In this study, we used the Partial Least Squares Path Analysis form of Structural Equation Modelling to produce a hierarchical set of the ten constructs with proven predictive power for problem gambling. Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis identified cut off values for all of the constructs that predicted the target values with the desired degree of accuracy. Active gamblers were placed in five categories: No Detectable Risk, Early Risk, Intermediate Risk, Advanced Risk and Problem Gamblers. As described here, the FLAGS-EGM instrument has the potential to be applied in many situations in which identification of at-risk EGM gamblers is needed.

Community Sport Events and CSR Sponsorship

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 545-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel J. Batty ◽  
Graham Cuskelly ◽  
Kristine Toohey
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Sport Management ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Community Sport ◽  
Management Domain ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Sport Events ◽  
Corporate Social

Tobacco and alcohol companies have long faced criticism regarding the unhealthy nature of their products and decisions to sponsor community sport events (CSEs). Recent public health concerns have led to additional CSE sponsor products facing similar criticism, including soft drinks, confectionary, and fast food. With CSE sponsorship increasingly utilized as a corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiative, research into the perceptions, effects, and management of CSR-based sponsorships within CSEs is opportune. This multiple case study reviews the food and beverage sponsorships of four New Zealand–based CSEs and positions resulting discourse within the sport management domain. Findings suggest that criticism of CSR-based CSE sponsorship is on the rise and predominantly stems from public health concerns. Such ongoing criticism of sponsorship decisions could be detrimental to the financial viability of CSEs.

Feature extraction and prediction of Dengue Outbreaks

2020 ◽  
pp. 216-222
Author(s):  
Kunal Parikh ◽  
Tanvi Makadia ◽  
Harshil Patel
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Predictive Analytics ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithm ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
The World ◽  
Dengue Outbreaks

Dengue is unquestionably one of the biggest health concerns in India and for many other developing countries. Unfortunately, many people have lost their lives because of it. Every year, approximately 390 million dengue infections occur around the world among which 500,000 people are seriously infected and 25,000 people have died annually. Many factors could cause dengue such as temperature, humidity, precipitation, inadequate public health, and many others. In this paper, we are proposing a method to perform predictive analytics on dengue’s dataset using KNN: a machine-learning algorithm. This analysis would help in the prediction of future cases and we could save the lives of many.

Gendered Marketing of Food Supplements in Lifestyle Magazines in Greece

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
Effrosyni Kotsaga
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Print Media ◽  
Women's Magazines ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Food Supplements ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Comparative Statistical Analysis ◽  
Gendered Stereotypes

Background: Marketing of food supplements in Greece in print media has not been examined and this study is the first attempt to provide a comparative statistical analysis. Methods: Lifestyle magazines that were distributed all over Greece and aimed at women and men were collected in the years 2014 and 2016. Five criteria with their subcriteria were developed and were related to the branding of the food supplements; their quality characteristics; the information given about health concerns; photographs of people who promoted food supplements and to claims of their suitability. Results: It seems that in terms of product branding, women’s magazines were more likely to be targeted. Some quality characteristics such as information about the ingredients of food supplements or information about banned substances were more likely to be seen in women’s magazines in 2016. In 2014 and 2016, not all advertisements provided information about health concerns and among those which informed readers about health concerns, differentiation in target audiences was observed. Photographs that showed people promoting food supplements as well as claims of suitability for various categories of consumers, seem to be gendered in 2014 but this trend was not strong enough in 2016. Conclusion: It can be argued that the marketing of food supplements was aggressive and gendered in 2014 and changed in 2016 with better information on public health but had retained some gendered stereotypes.

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