Design for the Post-Antibiotic Era: Experiences from a New Building for Infectious Diseases in Malmö, Sweden

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Holmdahl ◽  
Peter Lanbeck
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Building Process ◽  
New Facility

OBJECTIVE: To describe the experience of planning and designing a new facility for infectious diseases in Sweden and to discuss underlying theories relating to infection prevention and evidence-based design. BACKGROUND: Departments of Infectious Diseases are common in healthcare facililties in Sweden. In 2005, a decision was made to build a new facility. The program required spacious single rooms, with a high ventilation standard, and anterooms. METHODS: In this article we present an analysis of the future of infectious diseases. Underlying theories are discussed. We also describe how a program was outlined using literature studies, including evidence-based healthcare design, focus groups of staff, and study visits. RESULTS: Active involvement of users and infection control specialists was important in the building process. A full-scale patient room mock-up was built with ventilation, electrical, and other systems. The mock-up was cost effective because it avoided costly mistakes during the building process. The mock-up also was a place where staff could assess and begin adapting to their future work environment. Separate ventilation and separate entrances to patient rooms from the building exterior allowed placement of isolation units in the main hospital area. CONCLUSIONS: Antimicrobial resistance, emerging diseases, healthcare associated infections, and outbreaks highlight the need for infection control measures in all hospital design. Infection control should be integrated in all hospital planning and be part of contracts. In this study we describe a specialized unit where a high degree of standardization and flexibility has made it possible to have a unique standard of preparedness for the post-antibiotic era.

scholarly journals The Influence of Infectious Diseases on Dentistry

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-231
Author(s):  
Anil Reddy ◽  
Shankar Gouda Patil ◽  
Raghunath Puttaiah
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Dentistry, predominantly a surgical field with frequent exposure to blood and body fluids, is a high-risk occupation with respect to occupationally acquiring infectious diseases. On the same note, patients are also at risk of being infected, if adequate infection control measures are not strictly followed. Traditionally, based on the routes of disease transmission, we can categorize diseases that are bloodborne, airborne and also through fomites. Within these traditional categories also fall the new and emerging diseases that have had serious public health consequences of morbidity and mortality. As a health care provider, dentists must understand the impact of these diseases, and strictly implement practical disease control measures during provision of dental care and reduce the spread within the clinical arena. Common diseases of public health concern that need to be addressed are bloodborne diseases, such as hepatitis A, E, B, C, D and G, HIV; respiratory diseases such as tuberculosis, influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), AH1N1 influenza and immunizable childhood diseases. Apart from infection control measures, we must implement public health policy measures, such as immunization of current and prospective health care personnel (students in the dental profession) against immunizable diseases, utilize disease screening measures, postexposure disease control measures and utilize standard and additional precautions, the latter as required in certain instances.

Infection Control in a Country with Annual Inflation of 3,600%

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-178
Author(s):  
Sergio B. Wey
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Administrative Support ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Infection Control Rate ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
Budget Shortfalls

AbstractThe economic crisis that has been seen worldwide affects developing countries such as Brazil even more severely. Worsening budget shortfalls for the healthcare system progressively threaten patient care. Infection control programs also are affected, and basic preventive policies are not implemented. Infection control practitioners face lack of equipment and poor microbiological support. In contrast, the motivation of the infection control people can be maintained through training courses, conferences, and meetings. Administrative support may be the most important single factor determining success in decreasing the infection control rate and should be (but is not always) provided, given that several infection control measures are cost effective.

scholarly journals Attitudes and practices of infection control among senior dental students at college of dentistry, university of Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates

2013 ◽  
Vol 07 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S015-S019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betul Rahman ◽  
Sheela Balu Abraham ◽  
Amna Mohammed Alsalami ◽  
Fatima Eisa Alkhaja ◽  
Shaikha Ibrahim Najem
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Control Procedures ◽  
Students Attitudes

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate compliance, awareness and practices of infection control procedures among senior dental students at the College of Dentistry, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. Materials and Methods: The study comprised of 119 subjects of 4 th and 5 th year dental students. A questionnaire was developed with 25 open and closed-ended questions related to barrier techniques, vaccination status, infection control practices and awareness. This was distributed among the senior dental students and completed upon signing the consent form. Each questionnaire was coded to ensure the confidentiality of responses. Results: The questionnaire was distributed among 223 senior dental students at the University of Sharjah of which only 119 students (53%) responded. Compliance with the use of protective barriers was high with the exception of protective eye wear, utilized by a mere 27% of students. There was a significant difference between 4 th and 5 th year dental students′ attitudes (p < 0.05) regarding the treatment of patients with infectious diseases. Compared with 44.4% of the 5 th year students, 68.5% of the 4 th year students did not mind treating patients with infectious diseases. Owing to this, 61.9% of the 5 th year students suffered from non-sterile percutaneous and mucous membrane exposures compared with 44.6% of the 4 th year students (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Efforts are needed to improve attitudes, implement information and motivate students in the correct and routine use of infection control measures. With all infection control protocols already implemented in dental schools, the challenge remains on improving compliance with infection control recommendations.

scholarly journals Patient attendance at a pediatric emergency referral hospital in an area with low COVID-19 incidence

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258478
Author(s):  
Koichi Shichijo ◽  
Shunsuke Takeuchi ◽  
Takahiro Tayama ◽  
Mikiko Takei ◽  
Keisuke Fujioka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Pediatric Diseases ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Neonatal Care Unit

The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of individual infection control measures and physical distancing on pediatric medical care in a local prefecture in Japan, where the incidence of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in pediatric patients was extremely low. We extracted data from hospital records on the number of outpatients, inpatients, infectious disease consultations, and consultations for representative pediatric diseases. We compared attendance in 2017–2019, before the COVID-19 pandemic, with 2020, when COVID-19 spread to Japan. There were no COVID-19 patients in the pediatric department during the study period. The total number outpatient visits decreased by 24.4%, and the number of hospital admissions, excluding neonatal care unit admissions, decreased by approximately 35%. There was a marked reduction in the number of hospitalizations for infectious diseases such as influenza (−74.8%) and respiratory syncytial virus infection (−93.5%), and the number of hospitalizations for bronchitis/pneumonia, Kawasaki disease, and bronchial asthma decreased. In contrast, the number of clinical psychological interventions and cases reported to the child guidance center increased. In the context of pandemic infectious diseases, it is important to control the spread of problematic infectious diseases by individual infection control measures and physical distancing. However, it is necessary to maintain social life as much as possible for the mental health and physical development of children.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitudes of dental patients towards cross-infection control measures in dental practice

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-273
Author(s):  
Adel A. Mousa ◽  
Nadia M. Mahmoud ◽  
Azza M. Tag El Din
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Cross Infection ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Dental Practice ◽  
Dental Patients ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Dental Clinics

The knowledge and attitudes of 460 dental patients attending outpatient dental clinics in Alexandria, Tanta, and El-Mansoura universities were studied. Every patient was interviewed individually using a questionnaire concerning the routine use of protective gloves, masks and spectacles. The results revealed that 90% of the patients expected dentists to wear gloves, 73% expected them to wear face masks and 37% to wear spectacles. Most patients believed that gloves were for the patient’s protection while face masks and spectacles were for the dentist’s protection. About 50% of patients believed that they could contract infectious diseases during dental treatment;the more educated, the greater the concern of infection. Tanta patients were more concerned about cross infection than other patients

scholarly journals Improvement of Infection Control Measures during Dental Manipulations

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Alexandra Andreevna Fundovnaya ◽  
Daria Alexandrovna Noskova ◽  
Yuri Dorofeev ◽  
Irina Sergeevna Egorova ◽  
Alexander Olegovich Dubinin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Cross Transmission ◽  
Private And Public

When performing dental manipulations, infection control plays a special role, since its violation will negate all the efforts of the dentist, as well as allow various infectious and bacterial complications to develop in the body, as a result of which the patient's health will be significantly harmed. Infection control in dentistry is especially important at the present stage, when the spread of coronavirus infection has not yet been stopped, and the world is already experiencing the third wave of COVID-19. So, today it is very important to evaluate the existing infection control measures taken in dental health organizations, both private and public, and to investigate the measures proposed in the literature to reduce the transmission of both the new coronavirus and other infectious diseases to patients. Infection control measures in dentistry are aimed at minimizing the cross-transmission of mainly blood-borne pathogens. However, the high degree of contagion of the new coronavirus, as well as the possibility of the appearance of such viruses in the future, makes specialists already think about the need to improve infection control measures in order to preserve the health of patients and make dental manipulations as safe as possible for them. This is especially important for elderly patients, in whom complications from coronavirus-like infectious diseases can be fatal. In dental practice, many people are at risk, such as the practitioner, assistants, patients, administrative staff, cleaners, and possibly accompanying people. Standard precautions are usually not sufficient during the active spread of infections, so it is important to use proper PPE and follow hand hygiene. The sequence of consultations and scheduling of appointments with patients, as well as making changes to the waiting area, are also important. To minimize aerosol contamination, mouthwash should be performed before treatment. It should be taken into account that fans with NERA filters can significantly reduce the number of aerosols and, accordingly, reduce the level of pathogenicity of viruses. The aim of the work is to consider the measures proposed in the publications aimed at improving the measures of infection control during dental manipulations.

scholarly journals Spread of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in a Region, China: How to Control?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiansheng Wang ◽  
Changfu Yin ◽  
Weiwei Yang ◽  
Yuanpeng Lv ◽  
Peng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Length Of Hospitalization ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae

Abstract Background The increasing number of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) has become a serious problem globally. This study aimed to elucidate their geographically epidemiological characteristics and explore evidence-based infection control measures. Results A total of 930 phenotypically confirmed CRE isolates collected from 19 hospitals were genotypically characterised. K.pneumoniae (KP) and E.coli isolates were 787 (85.17%) and 96 (10.39%) among 924 carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) isolates. Two major carbapenemase genes KPC-2 and NDM in CPE isolates accounted for 84.63% (n = 782) and 13.74% (n = 127). ST11 comprised 86.32% (631/731) of KPC-2 KP isolates. Wzi typing could discriminate ST11 KP clones and precisely track their transmission. Conjugation assays demonstrated that Some KPC-2- and NDM-bearing plasmids could be conjugatively transferred. The transferability was influenced by different STs and different wzis. CRE patients were becoming increasingly younger due to nosocomial CRE acquisition. The average length of hospitalization of these patients showed a downward trend mainly due to significant increases in voluntarily discharged rates and mortality rates. No associations between the rates of antibiotics consumption and CRE prevalence were observed. Evidence-based measures could effectively reduce the prevalence of ST11-wzi209 clone but failed to control the dissemination of ST11-wzi141 KP clone. Conclusions Continued vigilance for the importations should be maintained. Coordinated regional interventions are urgently needed to reduce CRE threat.

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