scholarly journals Unexpected Diversity in Regenerating Sites Stresses the Importance of Baselines: A Case Study With Bats (Order Chiroptera) on the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 194008292110281
Author(s):  
Elène Haave-Audet ◽  
Doris Audet ◽  
Michelle Monge-Velazquez ◽  
Eleanor Flatt ◽  
Andrew Whitworth
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Osa Peninsula ◽  
The Family ◽  
Aerial Insectivores ◽  
Baseline State

Introduction: Background and Research Aims: Assessing biodiversity recovery is key to determine whether the objectives of habitat restoration for conservation are met. Many restoration initiatives use cross-sectional comparisons of wildlife communities to infer restoration impact instead of longitudinal assessments from a baseline state. Using an indicator of biodiversity in the neotropics— bats— we demonstrate how assessing community diversity and composition in an area targeted for restoration prior to implementation, and when compared to surrounding intact forest, provides the groundwork to track changes in the community post-restoration. Methods We assessed bat communities by 1) using mist-net surveys to identify species in the family Phyllostomidae (leaf-nosed bats), and 2) conducting acoustic surveys to identify non-phyllostomid species (aerial insectivores). Results For both groups, we found that areas targeted for restoration had similar diversity as the surrounding forest, but the two habitat types differed in community composition. Phyllostomids were captured at higher rates in forest, but aerial insectivores were detected at higher rates in restoration habitat. Conclusion Our baseline assessment revealed unexpected diversity in areas targeted for restoration. The presence of all trophic groups in restoration habitat suggests that bats provide key ecosystem services in the restoration process, such as through seed dispersal, pollination and insect pest control. Implications for Conservation: Conducting a baseline survey of bats in areas targeted for restoration demonstrated that the community was not species poor at the baseline and was different from the surrounding forest, allowing us to better track restoration success and the effects of different restoration treatments.

A Family With Autosomal-Dominant Progressive Sensorineural Hearing Loss

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Halpin ◽  
Barbara Herrmann ◽  
Margaret Whearty
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
The Family ◽  
Patient Will ◽  
Language Pathology

The family described in this article provides an unusual opportunity to relate findings from genetic, histological, electrophysiological, psychophysical, and rehabilitative investigation. Although the total number evaluated is large (49), the known, living affected population is smaller (14), and these are spread from age 20 to age 59. As a result, the findings described above are those of a large-scale case study. Clearly, more data will be available through longitudinal study of the individuals documented in the course of this investigation but, given the slow nature of the progression in this disease, such studies will be undertaken after an interval of several years. The general picture presented to the audiologist who must rehabilitate these cases is that of a progressive cochlear degeneration that affects only thresholds at first, and then rapidly diminishes speech intelligibility. The expected result is that, after normal language development, the patient may accept hearing aids well, encouraged by the support of the family. Performance and satisfaction with the hearing aids is good, until the onset of the speech intelligibility loss, at which time the patient will encounter serious difficulties and may reject hearing aids as unhelpful. As the histological and electrophysiological results indicate, however, the eighth nerve remains viable, especially in the younger affected members, and success with cochlear implantation may be expected. Audiologic counseling efforts are aided by the presence of role models and support from the other affected members of the family. Speech-language pathology services were not considered important by the members of this family since their speech production developed normally and has remained very good. Self-correction of speech was supported by hearing aids and cochlear implants (Case 5’s speech production was documented in Perkell, Lane, Svirsky, & Webster, 1992). These patients received genetic counseling and, due to the high penetrance of the disease, exhibited serious concerns regarding future generations and the hope of a cure.

HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA TERHADAP TINGKAT KEMANDIRIAN ANAK RETARDASI MENTAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Dwi Indah Iswanti ◽  
Fery Agusman Motuho Mendrofa ◽  
Diyanto Diyanto
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Need Support ◽  
The Family ◽  
Mentally Retarded Children

Kemandirian bukanlah keterampilan yang muncul secara tiba-tiba tetapi perlu diajarkan dan dilatih pada anak agar tidak menghambat tugas- tugas perkembangan anak selanjutnya. Terutama pada anak yang mengalami retardasi mental akan sangat membutuhkan dukungan dari keluarga. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan  dukungan keluarga dengan tingkat kemandirian anak retardasi mental di SLB Negeri Semarang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh orang tua siswa kelas IV-VI di SLB Negeri Semarang yang berjumlah 64 siswa. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah total sampling. Dukungan keluarga pada anak retardasi mental sebagian besar adalah mendukung yaitu sebanyak 53,1%, kemandirian anak retardasi mental sebagian besar adalah kurang mandiri yaitu sebanyak 53,1%. Hasil uji statistik menemukan ada hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan kemandirian anak retardasi mental di SLB Negeri Semarang, dengan p value sebesar 0,000.   Kata kunci : dukungan keluarga, kemandirian anak retardasi mental THE CORRELATION BETWEEN FAMILY SUPPORT AND THE LEVEL OF INDEPENDENCE OF MENTALLY RETARDED CHILDREN   ABSTRACT Independence is not a skill that emerges suddenly but needs to be taught and trained in children so as not to inhibit the tasks of further child development. Especially for children who are mentally retarded, they will need support from the family. Research objectives to find out the correlation between family support and the level of independence of mentally retarded children in extraordinary school State of Semarang. This study uses a quantitative method with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all parents of students in class IV-VI in Semarang State SLB, amounting to 64 students. The sampling technique used is total sampling. Family support for mentally retarded children was mostly supportive, as much as 53.1%, the independence of most mentally retarded children was less independent, which was as much as 53.1%. The results of statistical tests found that there was a correlation between family support and the independence of mentally retarded children in Semarang State SLB, with a p value of 0,000.   Keywords: family support, independence of mentally retarded children

Hubungan Sikap dan Karakteristik Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) dengan Keikutsertaan dalam Program KB di Wilayah Kerja UPT Puskesmas Sungai Raya Kecamatan Sungai Raya Kabupaten Aceh Timur

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
Ainul Mardhiah ◽  
Nova Hasbani Prima Dewi ◽  
Aminy Aminy
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Family Planning Program ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
P Value ◽  
Planning Program ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Family ◽  
Relationship Of

The family planning program also aims to improve the quality of the family in order to generate a sense of security, peace and hope of a better future in realizing the prosperity of birth and inner happiness. Allegedly the factor causing EFA participation in the family planning program is characteristic. The purpose of this research is to know the relationship of attitude and characteristic of Elderly Age Couple (PUS) with participation in family planning program at UPT Puskesmas Sungai Raya Sungai Raya District, East Aceh regency 2018. The research design used was analytic survey with cross sectional design. The population of this study is all Pairs Age of Fertile located in Work Area UPT Sungai Raya Public Health Service Center in January to December 2017 which amounted to 1897 people. Sampling using Slovin formula, obtained as many as 95 samples. The study was conducted from 7-17 July 2018 using questionnaires by interview. Statistical test using chi-square test. Result of research indicate that majority of fertile couple couples (PUS) participate in family planning program as much as 67 respondents (70,5%). Statistically there is relationship of attitude and characteristic of Elderly Age Couple (EFA) with non participation in family planning program in Working Area of UPT Puskesmas Sungai Raya Sungai Raya District of East Aceh Regency 2018 with p value <0,1. It is recommended that the family planning program holders in UPT Puskesmas Sungai Raya Sungai Raya District of East Aceh District to invite cross-sectoral figures to hold meetings to create mini workshop plans at least once a month to increase the participation of the Elderly Age Couple (PUS) in family planning programs. Keyword : Family Planning Program, Attitudes, CharacteristicsABSTRAKProgram KB juga bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas keluarga agar dapat timbul rasa aman, tentram, dan harapan masa depan yang lebih baik dalam mewujudkan kesejahteraan lahir dan kebahagiaan batin. Diduga faktor yang menyebabkan ketidakikutsertaan PUS dalam program KB adalah karakteristik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan sikap dan karakteristik Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) dengan keikutsertaan dalam program KB di Wilayah Kerja UPT Puskesmas Sungai Raya Kecamatan Sungai Raya Kabupaten Aceh Timur tahun 2018. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei analitik dengan rancangan bedah lintang. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah seluruh Pasangan Usia Subur yang berada di Wilayah Kerja UPT Puskesmas Sungai Raya pada bulan Januari sampai dengan Desember tahun 2017 yang berjumlah 1.897 orang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan rumus Slovin, didapatkan sebanyak 95 sampel. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari tanggal 7-17 Juli tahun 2018 menggunakan kuesioner dengan cara wawancara. Uji statistik menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) ikut serta dalam program KB yaitu sebanyak 67 responden (70,5%). Secara statistik ada hubungan sikap dan karakteristik Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) dengan ketidakikutsertaan dalam program KB di Wilayah Kerja UPT Puskesmas Sungai Raya Kecamatan Sungai Raya Kabupaten Aceh Timur tahun 2018 dengan p value < 0,1. Sebaiknya pemegang program KB di UPT Puskesmas Sungai Raya Kecamatan Sungai Raya Kabupaten Aceh Timur agar mengajak tokoh lintas sektor agar mengadakan pertemuan untuk membuat rencana loka karya mini setidaknya satu bulan sekali untuk meningkatkan keikutsertaan Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) dalam program KB.Kata Kunci : Program KB, Sikap, Karakteristik

Impacts of Sample Preparation Methodology on TEM Failure Analysis of Advanced Semiconductor Devices

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongkai Zhou ◽  
Jie Zhu ◽  
Han Wei Teo ◽  
ACT Quah ◽  
Lei Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
Interface Roughness ◽  
Silicide Formation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Low Mass

Abstract In this paper, two failure analysis case studies are presented to demonstrate the importance of sample preparation procedures to successful failure analyses. Case study 1 establishes that Palladium (Pd) cannot be used as pre-FIB coating for SiO2 thickness measurement due to the spontaneously Pd silicide formation at the SiO2/Si interface. Platinum (Pt) is thus recommended, in spite of the Pt/SiO2 interface roughness, as the pre-FIB coating in this application. In the second case study, the dual-directional TEM inspection method is applied to characterize the profile of the “invisible” tungsten residue defect. The tungsten residue appears invisible in the planeview specimen due to the low mass-thickness contrast. It is then revealed in the cross-sectional TEM inspection.

PERAN KELUARGA DALAM MEMANTAU KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT PENDERITA HIPERTENSI PADA MASYARAKAT

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saiful Nurhidayat
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Elementary Education ◽  
College Education ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
The Family

Abstract : Hypertension or high blood pressure is an abnormal increase in blood pressure in the arteries continuously over a period. The dangers of hypertension can lead to damage to various organs including kidneys, brain, heart, eye, causing vascular resistance and stroke. Hypertension takes care of the old and continuously. One effective way to lower blood pressure is to obediently take medicine so that it takes the role of families in monitoring patients taking the medication. With the participation of the family are expected to hypertension sufferers can be controlled. This study aims to determine the family's role in monitoring the adherence of hypertensive patients. The study was conducted in rural communities Slahung Ponorogo, a representative sample of 53 respondents taken by purposive sampling. Quantitative design with cross sectional design of the study the family's role in monitoring the adherence of hypertensive patients. Instruments in this study using questionnaires and observation sheets. The results of 53 respondents obtained the majority of the 29 respondents (55%) has the role of both families and 24 respondents (45%) families have a bad role in monitoring medication adherence. Age and education contribute to determining the role family. Intermediate (41-60 years old) and college education contribute to determining the role well. Conversely > 61 years of elementary education and contribute in a bad role.Keywords : the role of the family, medication adherence, hypertension. Abstrak : Hipertensi atau tekanan darah tinggi adalah suatu peningkatan abnormal tekanan darah dalam pembuluh darah arteri secara terus-menerus lebih dari suatu periode. Bahaya hipertensi dapat memicu rusaknya berbagai organ tubuh diantaranya: ginjal, otak, jantung, mata, menyebabkan resistensi pembuluh darah dan stroke. Penyakit hipertensi membutuhkan perawatan yang lama dan terus menerus. Salah satu cara yang efektif untuk menurunkan tekanan darah adalah dengan patuh minum obat sehingga dibutuhkan peran keluarga dalam memantau minum obat penderita. Dengan adanya peran serta keluarga diharapkan penyakit hipertensi penderita dapat terkontrol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran keluarga dalam memantau kepatuhan minum obat penderita hipertensi. Penelitian dilakukan pada masyarakat desa Slahung Ponorogo,sampel representatif sejumlah 53 responden diambil secara Purposive Sampling. Desain kuantitatif dengan rancangan Cross sectional yang mempelajari peran keluarga dalam memantau kepatuhan minum obat penderita hipertensi. Instrumen pada penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner dan lembar observasi. Hasil penelitian dari 53 responden didapatkan sebagian besar 29 responden (55 %) keluarga mempunyai peran baik dan 24 responden (45 %) keluarga mempunyai peran buruk dalam memantau kepatuhan minum obat. Faktor usia dan pendidikan berkontribusi dalam menentukan peran keluarga. Usia madya (41-60 tahun) dan jenjang pendidikan perguruan tinggi berkontribusi dalam menentukan peran baik. Sebaliknya > 61 tahun dan jenjang pendidikan SD berkontribusi dalam peran buruk.Kata Kunci : peran keluarga, kepatuhan minum obat, penyakit hipertensi.

Edukasi dan Peningkatan Kualitas Pengelolaan Obat di Rumah Tangga: Studi Kasus di Dusun Sidasari Wetan Desa Kubangkangkung Kawunganten Cilacap (Education and Quality Improvement of Drug Management in Family: A Case Study at Dusun Sidasari Wetan, Kubang

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Hendri Wasito ◽  
Hening Pratiwi ◽  
Adi Wibowo ◽  
Nia Kurnia Solihat
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Home Visit ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Drug Management ◽  
Educational Effort ◽  
The Family ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Drugs are an important component of health services that are the needs of the community. There is still a lack ofcommunity knowledge of medicines and management especially for family members, hence an educational effort as well asimprovement of quality of drug management in family through training program and mentoring by pharmacist. Thiscommunity service activity aims to determine the knowledge and attitude of the community in managing drugs in the familyand improve the quality of drug management by the community in the family. The activity was conducted in SidasariWetanKubangkangkung Village Kawunganten Cilacap. The workshop on drug management in family was conducted by pharmaciststo the 33 participants. Data collection was done by using questionnaire and observation through home visit. The result of theactivity shows that the increase of knowledge and attitude of the society in managing drugs in the familywere 10% and 7%,respectively. Workshop activities and mentoring by pharmacists can provide benefits and behavioral changes in family drugsmanagement.

A Case Study of Non-Adoption: The Values of Location Tracking in the Family

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asimina Vasalou ◽  
Anne-Marie Oostveen ◽  
Adam N. Joinson
Keyword(s):  
Location Tracking ◽  
The Family

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2: Vaccine Hesitancy among Underrepresented Racial and Ethnic Groups with HIV in Miami, Florida

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah L Jones ◽  
Ana S Salazar ◽  
Violeta J Rodriguez ◽  
Raymond R Balise ◽  
Claudia Uribe Starita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
Medical Mistrust ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background SARS-CoV-2 and HIV disproportionally affect underrepresented ethnoracial groups in the US. Medical mistrust and vaccine hesitancy will likely impact acceptability of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. This study examined SARS-CoV-2 vaccine hesitancy among underrepresented ethnoracial groups with HIV and identified factors that may reduce vaccine uptake. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of adults ≥18 years with HIV residing in Miami, FL. Participants were invited to participate in the ACTION (A Comprehensive Translational Initiative on Novel Coronavirus) cohort study. A baseline survey was administered from April-August 2020 and followed by a COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy survey from August-November 2020. The COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy survey was adapted from the Strategic Advisory Group Experts survey. Comparisons by race and ethnicity were performed using the Freedman-Haltmann extension of Fisher’s exact test Results A total of 94 participants were enrolled, mean age 54.4 years, 52% female, 60% Black non-Latinx, and 40% non-Black Latinx. Black non-Latinx participants were less likely to agree that vaccinations are important for health when compared to non-Black Latinx (67.8% vs 92.1%, p=0.009), less likely to agree that vaccines are effective in preventing disease (67.8% vs 84.2%, p=0.029), less likely to believe that vaccine information is reliable and trustworthy (35.7% vs 71.1%, p=0.002), and less likely to believe vaccines were unnecessary because COVID-19 would disappear soon (11% vs 21%, p=0.049). Conclusion Medical mistrust, vaccine hesitancy and negative sentiments about SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are prevalent among underrepresented ethnoracial groups with HIV, particularly Black non-Latinx. Targeted strategies to increase vaccine uptake in this population are warranted.

scholarly journals Covid-19 Preparedness and Response Capability: A Case Study of the Hanoi Primary Healthcare System

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117863292110192
Author(s):  
Minh Van Hoang ◽  
Anh Tuan Tran ◽  
Trang Thu Vu ◽  
Tuan Kim Duong
Keyword(s):  
Public Information ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emergency Operations ◽  
The Us ◽  
Local Stakeholders ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Issue Public ◽  
Analytical Frameworks

This study examined the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) preparedness and response of the health system (HS) in Hanoi, Vietnam, and identified enabling factors and barriers. This cross-sectional, mixed-methods study was conducted in 4 urban and peri-urban districts that included some wards with COVID-19-positive cases and some without. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) analytical frameworks were used. Overall, 10% of health facilities (HFs) failed to fully implement COVID-19 risk determination; 8.8% failed to fully implement stronger community partnerships with local stakeholders to support public health (PH) preparedness; 35% and 2.5% incompletely implemented and did not implement evaluation of PH emergency operations, respectively; 10% did not identify communication channels to issue public information, alerts, warnings, and notifications; 25% incompletely implemented identification, development of guidance, and standards for information; 72.5% had good preventive and treatment collaboration; and 10% did not fully implement procedures for laboratory testing and reporting results. Enablers included sufficient infrastructure and equipment, strong leadership, and good cross-public-sector collaboration with police and military forces. Barriers included workforce constraints, overburdened and inconsistent reporting systems, inappropriate financial mechanisms, ambiguous health governance, and lack of private-sector engagement. Nonetheless, the HS preparedness and response were satisfactory, although further coordinated efforts in evaluation, coordination, communication, and volunteering remain necessary.

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