scholarly journals Chromosomal banding patterns in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia

Blood ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 705-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
JD Rowley ◽  
D Potter
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Normal Karyotype ◽  
Chromosomal Evolution ◽  
Structural Rearrangement ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Chromosomal Banding ◽  
Balanced Translocations

Bone marrow chromosomes obtained from 50 of 55 consecutive adult patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia were analyzed with quinacrine fluorescence. Twenty-five patients showed a normal karyotype and 25 an abnormal karyotype on the initial samples available for analysis. Among the 25 patients with abnormalities, the marrow cells contained 48 chromosomes in one case, 47 in two, 46 in ten, 45 in nine, 43 in two, and 42 chromosomes in one case. Seven of the ten patients with 46 chromosomes had abnormalities, primarily balanced translocations, that were not detected with the standard Giemsa stains. The analysis of all of the data available revealed the presence of nonrandom chromosome changes such as the addition of No. 8, the loss of No. 7, and a gain or loss of one No. 21. the most frequent structural rearrangement was the translocation between the long arm of No. 8 and No. 21, which may also be associated with the loss of a sex chromosome. Chromosomal abnormalities decreased or disappeared during remission; the same abnormality recurred in relapse. Chemotherapy did not appear to produce a stable clone of aberrant cells. Evolution of the karyotype occurred in eight patients, in five of whom an additional No. 8 was observed. This pattern of chromosomal evolution in patients with acute leukemia was very similar to that observed in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in the blast phase.

scholarly journals Chromosomal banding patterns in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia

Blood ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 705-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
JD Rowley ◽  
D Potter
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Normal Karyotype ◽  
Chromosomal Evolution ◽  
Structural Rearrangement ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Chromosomal Banding ◽  
Balanced Translocations

Abstract Bone marrow chromosomes obtained from 50 of 55 consecutive adult patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia were analyzed with quinacrine fluorescence. Twenty-five patients showed a normal karyotype and 25 an abnormal karyotype on the initial samples available for analysis. Among the 25 patients with abnormalities, the marrow cells contained 48 chromosomes in one case, 47 in two, 46 in ten, 45 in nine, 43 in two, and 42 chromosomes in one case. Seven of the ten patients with 46 chromosomes had abnormalities, primarily balanced translocations, that were not detected with the standard Giemsa stains. The analysis of all of the data available revealed the presence of nonrandom chromosome changes such as the addition of No. 8, the loss of No. 7, and a gain or loss of one No. 21. the most frequent structural rearrangement was the translocation between the long arm of No. 8 and No. 21, which may also be associated with the loss of a sex chromosome. Chromosomal abnormalities decreased or disappeared during remission; the same abnormality recurred in relapse. Chemotherapy did not appear to produce a stable clone of aberrant cells. Evolution of the karyotype occurred in eight patients, in five of whom an additional No. 8 was observed. This pattern of chromosomal evolution in patients with acute leukemia was very similar to that observed in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in the blast phase.

Chromosomal banding patterns in 88 cases of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia

1978 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preben Philip ◽  
Mogens Krogh Jensen ◽  
S.Aa. Killmann ◽  
Aage Drivsholm ◽  
Niels Ebbe Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Chromosomal Banding

scholarly journals Cytogenetic Studies in Acute Myelocytic Leukemia with Special Emphasis on the Occurrence of Ph1 Chromosome

Blood ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. WHANG-PENG ◽  
E. S. HENDERSON ◽  
T. KNUTSEN ◽  
E. J. FREIREICH ◽  
J. J. GART
Keyword(s):  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Blast Crisis ◽  
Normal Karyotype ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Acute Myelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Myelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Cytogenetic Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Marrow Cells

Abstract Cytogenetic studies were carried out on 103 unselected patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) at the Clinical Center of the National Institutes of Health. Seventy-three patients (70.9%) had a normal karyotype and 30 patients (29.1%) were aneuploid. No unique chromosomal abnormalities were found in patients with aneuploidy; however, there was a significantly higher incidence of G group involvement. Four cases had a history of radiation exposure; three of these four patients had a normal karyotype and one had one Ph1 chromosome in her bone marrow cells. Another patient with no history of radiation also had one Ph1 chromosome in his marrow cells. Reclassification of AML patients with Ph1 chromosomes as a rare entity of blast crisis in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) rather than as AML’s is proposed. Two patients exhibited the 45 chromosome syndrome before the diagnosis of AML was made. The normal and aneuploid groups had about the same median survival time and same median date from diagnosis to chromosome study; however, none of the patients in the aneuploid group lived longer than 26 months after the date of diagnosis, while seven patients (nearly 10%) in the normal group did so, one living over 112 months.

Chromosomal evolution and biogeography of collared lemmings (Dicrostonyx) in the eastern and High Arctic of Canada

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 1481-1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana A. Borowik ◽  
Mark D. Engstrom
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Chromosomal Evolution ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Chromosomal Variation ◽  
Robertsonian Fusion ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Dicrostonyx Groenlandicus ◽  
Chromosomal Differentiation ◽  
Chromosomal Data ◽  
Primitive State

Chromosomal variation was examined in 10 populations of Dicrostonyx in the eastern and High Arctic of Canada to determine the extent and nature of chromosomal variation and to examine chromosomal differentiation within and among species and subspecies. Chromosomal data are presented for two species of collared lemmings, D. hudsonius and D. groenlandicus, including D. g. groenlandicus, D. g. clarus, and D. g. lentus. Standard, G-banded, and C-banded karyotypes revealed variation among populations of D. groenlandicus due to Robertsonian fusions and the addition of B chromosomes. G-banding revealed complete homologous banding patterns of autosomal arms between D. groenlandicus and D. hudsonius; however, sex chromosome constitution differed between the two species. Dicrostonyx groenlandicus possesses a neo-XY, formed by a Robertsonian fusion of the sex chromosomes and a pair of autosomes. The neo-XY does not occur in D. hudsonius, and this absence appears to be the primitive state for the genus.

Association of granulocytosis with poor prognosis in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and translocation of chromosomes 8 and 21.

1989 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1081-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
S O'Brien ◽  
H M Kantarjian ◽  
M Keating ◽  
G Gagnon ◽  
A Cork ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Poor Survival ◽  
Acute Myelogenous ◽  
First Remission ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
Favorable Group

Forty-three patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and a translocation 8;21 were reviewed. The patients' median age was 30 years, and 62% were men. Twenty-three patients (53%) had loss of a sex chromosome and ten (23%) had other chromosomal abnormalities in addition to the 8;21 translocation. Complete remission (CR) with induction chemotherapy was achieved in 40 patients (93%). The median CR duration was 18 months (range, 1 to 137+ months). Median survival time was 17 months (range, 0.5 to 138+ months) with a 3-year survival rate of 31%. Twenty-three patients (53%) relapsed between 1 and 58 months after entering remission with reinduction therapy resulting in 8 CRs (35%). Thirteen characteristics were examined for an effect on survival. The most striking finding was a significant association between elevated absolute granulocyte count and poor survival (P = .002). WBC count greater than 10,000/microL was also associated with shorter survival (P = .05). Patient age, albumin level, and platelet count showed trends for survival association. Although patients with AML and t(8;21) are regarded as a favorable group with respect to survival, we found a subset of patients who do very poorly. Intensive or more investigational approaches in first remission should be considered for these patients.

scholarly journals Chromosomal Evolution and Evolutionary Relationships of Lebiasina Species (Characiformes, Lebiasinidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 2944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sassi ◽  
Oliveira ◽  
Bertollo ◽  
Nirchio ◽  
Hatanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Chromosomal Evolution ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Rdna Sites ◽  
Sex Chromosome System ◽  
High Level ◽  
Chromosomal Sequences

We present the first cytogenetic data for Lebiasina bimaculata and L. melanoguttata with the aim of (1) investigating evolutionary events within Lebiasina and their relationships with other Lebiasinidae genera and (2) checking the evolutionary relationships between Lebiasinidae and Ctenoluciidae. Both species have a diploid number 2n = 36 with similar karyotypes and microsatellite distribution patterns but present contrasting C-positive heterochromatin and CMA3+ banding patterns. The remarkable interstitial series of C-positive heterochromatin occurring in L. melanoguttata is absent in L. bimaculata. Accordingly, L. bimaculata shows the ribosomal DNA sites as the only GC-rich (CMA3+) regions, while L. melanoguttata shows evidence of a clear intercalated CMA3+ banding pattern. In addition, the multiple 5S and 18S rDNA sites in L. melanogutatta contrast with single sites present in L. bimaculata. Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) experiments also revealed a high level of genomic differentiation between both species. A polymorphic state of a conspicuous C-positive, CMA3+, and (CGG)n band was found only to occur in L. bimaculata females, and its possible relationship with a nascent sex chromosome system is discussed. Whole chromosome painting (WCP) and CGH experiments indicate that the Lebiasina species examined and Boulengerella maculata share similar chromosomal sequences, thus supporting the relatedness between them and the evolutionary relationships between the Lebiasinidae and Ctenoluciidae families.

scholarly journals Comparative cytogenetics in three species of Wood-Warblers (Aves: Passeriformes: Parulidae) reveal divergent banding patterns and chromatic heterogeneity for the W chromosome

Caryologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Alice Lemos Costa ◽  
Cassiane Furlan Lopes ◽  
Marcelo Santos de Souza ◽  
Suziane Alves Barcellos ◽  
Pâmela Giordani Vielmo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Repetitive Sequences ◽  
Euchromatic Region ◽  
Comparative Cytogenetics ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Wood Warblers ◽  
Chromosomal Banding ◽  
High Diversity

Chromosomal rearrangements are an important process in the evolution of species. It is assumed that these rearrangements occur near repetitive sequences and heterochromatic regions. Avian karyotypes have diverse chromosomal band patterns and have been used as the parameters for phylogenetic studies. Although the group has a high diversity of species, no more than 12% has been analyzed cytogenetically, and the Parulidae family are extremely underrepresented in these studies. The aim of this study was to detect independent or simultaneous chromosomal rearrangements, and also to analyze chromosomal banding convergences and divergences of three Wood-Warblers species (Myiothlypis leucoblephara, Basileuterus culicivorus, and Setophaga pitiayumi). Our CBG-band results reveal an unusual W sex chromosome in the three studied species, containing a telomeric euchromatic region. The GTG and RBG bands identify specific regions in the macrochromosomes involved in the rearrangements. Cytogenetic data confirm the identification of speciation processes at the karyotypic of this group.

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