scholarly journals Police discretion in encounters with people who use drugs: operationalizing the theory of planned behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon del Pozo ◽  
Emily Sightes ◽  
Jeremiah Goulka ◽  
Brad Ray ◽  
Claire A. Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Situational Factor ◽  
People Who Use Drugs ◽  
Instrument Measuring ◽  
Police Encounters ◽  
On Line

Abstract Background Policing shapes the health risks of people who use drugs (PWUD), but little is understood about interventions that can align officer practices with PWUD health. This study deploys the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to understand what influences police intentions to make discretionary referrals to treatment and harm reduction resources rather than arrest on less serious charges. Methods On-line surveys integrating TPB constructs and adapting an instrument measuring police intentions to make mental health treatment referrals were completed by police employees in Indiana, Massachusetts, and Missouri. They also included items about stigma towards PWUD and attitudes and beliefs about opioid addiction, treatment, and recovery. Findings Across the sites, 259 respondents perceived control over their decision to arrest for misdemeanors (69%) and confiscate items such as syringes (56%). Beliefs about others’ approval of referrals to treatment, its ability to reduce future arrests, and to increase trust in police were associated with stated practices of nonarrest for drug and possession and making referrals (p ≤ .001), and nonarrest for syringe possession (p ≤ .05). Stigma a towards PWUD was negatively associated with stated practices of nonarrest (p ≤ .05). Respondents identified supervisors as having the most influence over use of discretion, seriousness of the offense as the most influential value, and attitude of the suspect as the most important situational factor. The 17 Likert scale items analyzed had a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.81. Conclusion The TPB offers untapped potential to better understand and modify police practices. In designing interventions to improve the health outcomes of police encounters with PWUD, further research should validate instruments that measure the relationship between these variables and discretionary intentions, and that measure role-relevant police stigma towards PWUD.

scholarly journals MODIFICATION OF THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR TO MEASURE THE INTENTIONS AND BEHAVIOR OF PEOPLES PARTICIPATION IN THE WASTE BANK PROGRAM (CASE: BANTUL REGENCY)

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-224
Author(s):  
Anggun Nindy Fatliana ◽  
Naniek Utami Handayani ◽  
Manik Mahacandra ◽  
Utaminingsih Linarti
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Situational Factor ◽  
Intention To Participate ◽  
Waste Bank ◽  
And Behavior

Waste is an environmental problem that hasn’t been resolved until now. This problem can be overcome with the waste bank program. The success of the waste bank is supported by the high level of community participation. Currently, the level of community participation in Bantul Regency is still low, which is below 50%. The purpose of this research is to investigates what factors that can increase people’s intention and behavior of  participating in waste  bank activities at Bantul Regency. This research using factors from Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) model. Besides of factors from Theory of Planned Behavior this research added other factors like knowledge of how and what, knowledge of the consequences and situational factors used as a measurement tools. The research used 300 samples. The target respondents for this research are members who actively participate in the waste bank activities. The sampling technique is purposive sampling, regression analysis methods is using on this research. The analysis results showed that attitudes, subjective norms, knowledge of how and what, knowledge of consequence and situational factor have a significant effect on the people’s intention to participate in the waste bank programs. Meanwhile the perceived control behavior variable has no significant effect on the people’s intention to participate in the waste bank program. All the factors togethers can explain the intention of 44.7%.

Applying theory of planned behavior to predict condom use intention among Iranian substance users covered by addiction treatment centers

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 511-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babak Moeini ◽  
Majid Barati ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Mehdi Hazavehei ◽  
Ali Reza Soltanian ◽  
Iraj Zareban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Substance Users

Broadening the evidence for the Theory of Planned Behavior: predicting heavy episodic drinking in Argentinean female and male youth

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel I Peltzer ◽  
Karina Conde ◽  
Maria Ayelen Biscarra ◽  
Aldana Lichtenberger ◽  
Mariana Cremonte
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Heavy Episodic Drinking ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Male Youth ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
And Performance

Introduction: Although the Theory of Planned Behavior has successfully been applied to explain heavy episodic drinking, recent reviews have identified gaps in the literature. Among them the role of gender, scarce research from non English speaking countries (and thus, other drinking contexts) and lastly, contradictory results regarding the measures used to evaluate social norms and perceived behavioral control. Objective: We aim to broaden the evidence for the Theory of Planned Behavior by evaluating the capacity of the model to predict heavy episodic drinking in Argentinean female and male youth. Methods: In this study a psychometrically sound measure is used and which evaluates both dimensions of social norms and perceived control. We measured Theory of Planned Behavior variables and last month heavy episodic drinking at two-time frames. Multiple linear and logistic regressions were performed. Results: Attitude was the main predictor of heavy episodic drinking intention; there were gender differences, among women perceived behavioral control and subjective norm were also predictors of heavy episodic drinking intentions. The intention was the main predictor of heavy episodic drinking for both genders, while perceived behavioral control was also a predictor among women. Conclusions: Theory of Planned Behavior allows us to better understand the motivational variables related to heavy episodic drinking intention and performance, and thus, to design appropriate prevention interventions.

scholarly journals Inovatividade, envolvimento, atitude e experiência na adoção da compra on-line

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 568-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abrão Caro ◽  
José Afonso Mazzon ◽  
Barbara Caemmerer ◽  
Matthias Wessling
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Partial Least Squares ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
On Line

Este trabalho procura analisar as inter-relações entre a inovatividade, o envolvimento, a atitude dentro do modelo Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) decomposto desenvolvido na psicologia social, e a experiência com a Internet com o processo de adoção da compra pela internet. Foi elaborado um modelo integrativo que possibilitasse explicar a relação entre esses fatores e a compra pela internet, e foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa de campo considerando uma amostra não probabilística de estudantes. Foi utilizado o método multivariado de modelagem de equações estruturais, aplicado por meio da técnica Partial Least Squares (PLS) para a verificação, explicação e comparação das relações entre os construtos. Os resultados mostram que a intenção da compra pela internet é diretamente influenciada pela atitude e pela inovatividade, e a atitude é influenciada pelo envolvimento. Não foi encontrada relação entre a experiência com a internet e a compra pela internet.

scholarly journals Safety attitudes and behavioral intentions of municipal waste disposal drivers

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swartz M Stephen ◽  
Matthew A Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Risk Aversion ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Safety Attitudes

The Theory of Planned Behavior was used to study factors useful for predicting Behavioral Intentions to commit unsafe acts while driving for commercial drivers working for municipal waste management operations centers. The Theory of Planned Behavior was found to be moderately effective in predicting behavioral intentions, particularly through the constructs of Attitude and Perceived Control. Driver perceptions of safety climate, self-assessed personal safety performance, risk aversion, and attitudes toward behavioral factors associated with engaging in risky behaviors while operating motor vehicles were studied. Risk aversion and driver perception of their own safety performance were also useful predictors of intention.

scholarly journals Restricting Our Consumption of Material Goods: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 800
Author(s):  
Darcy A. Santor ◽  
Ihssane Fethi ◽  
Sara-Emilie McIntee
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Perceived Ability ◽  
Material Goods ◽  
College Aged Students

Despite the increasing number of studies investigating environmentally friendly behavior, relatively little research has examined the attitudes, subjective norms, perceived ability, and intentions of individuals to restrict their consumption. The current study validated a new measure of consumption restriction developed from the Theory of Planned Behavior. A total of 243 college-aged students completed the Consumption Restriction Questionnaire (CRQ), in addition to measures of greed, frugality, materialism, and consumption. Results confirmed the importance of attitudes, subjective norms and perceived control as determinants of both intentions to restrict consumption in addition to actual consumption, and also demonstrated the superiority of attitudes, subjective norms and perceived control in predicting consumption related to individual differences in greed, frugality and materialism. However, intentions to restrict consumption were modest. Results have implications for both our understanding of environmentally friendly behavior, as well as for the targets that interventions designed to restrict our consumption should address.

Causality in the Theory of Planned Behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 920-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reuven Sussman ◽  
Robert Gifford
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Basic Premise ◽  
Causal Relations ◽  
Causal Direction ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Causal Sequence

The theory of planned behavior proposes that behavior is predicted by behavioral intention which is, in turn, predicted by three base components: attitudes toward the behavior, subjective norms regarding the behavior, and perceived control over the behavior. Implied within this theory is that each of the three base components influence intentions, solely in that direction. However, despite being one of the most widely used theories in many areas of psychology and health sciences, few studies have tested this basic premise. Might causal influence also flow in a reverse-causal direction from intentions back to the base components? This causal sequence was tested and supported by a correlational study, a lab-based experiment, and a quasi-experimental field study. This demonstration of reverse-causal relations from intentions to the base components suggests that the theory of planned behavior should be modified to include reciprocal causal relations.

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