scholarly journals Gonococcus infection probably acquired from bathing in a natural thermal pool: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicity Goodyear-Smith ◽  
Robert Schabetsberger
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Gonococcal Infection ◽  
Historical Case ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Sexual Crimes ◽  
Definitive Evidence ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Organic Particles

Abstract Background Authorities need to recognize that, while rare, gonorrhea can be transmitted nonsexually, and should not be presumed definitive evidence of abuse. We report the unusual case of a girl diagnosed with Neisseria gonorrhoeae after bathing in a heavily frequented hot pool at the edge of the crater lake Specchio di Venere (“Mirror of Venus”) on Pantelleria Island, Italy. Case presentation Two days after bathing in the pool, this 11-year-old Austrian girl developed vulvovaginitis that partially settled with antifungal cream. Subsequent swabs cultured positive for Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Family members tested negative. The child adamantly denied any sexual contact, and no opportunities for sexual exposure could be identified. It was therefore concluded that she must have acquired the infection from pool water contaminated by gonococcus after a 2-day incubation period. The infection was successfully treated with ceftriaxone and azithromycin with no adverse effects. Conclusions The pools are shallow, close to body temperature, isotonic, slightly acidic from CO2 bubbles, and contain organic particles, all potentially supporting survival of gonococcus. There are historical case reports in the literature of gonococcal epidemics in children’s hospitals being traced to common baths. It is imperative that all cases of gonococcal infection in children are fully investigated, including examining all other relevant family members, to determine whether sexual assault has occurred. This is not a diagnosis to be missed. However, both sexual and nonsexual transmission are possible. A presumption that a gonococcal infection is diagnostic of sexual abuse can be dire, with children wrongfully removed from their parents’ care, and their caregivers facing false charges of sexual crimes. Our case serves to illustrate that the very uncommon diagnosis of gonorrhea in a child may be the result of nonsexual transmission of the infection, and that contaminated hot pools are a very rare source of infection that should be considered.

scholarly journals Spontaneous haemorrhage of an adrenal angiomyolipoma: case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Whiting ◽  
Ian Rudd ◽  
Amit Goel ◽  
Seshadri Sriprasad ◽  
Sanjeev Madaan
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Open Adrenalectomy ◽  
Large Size ◽  
History Of ◽  
Loin Pain ◽  
Benign Tumours ◽  
Spontaneous Haemorrhage ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumours

Abstract Background Angiomyolipomas are rare mesenchymal tumours arising from the perivascular epithelioid cells consisting of variable amounts of adipose, thick-walled blood vessels and smooth muscle cells. These benign tumours commonly occur in the kidney with only a few case reports of adrenal angiomyolipomas which have the potential to reach a large size and haemorrhage. Case presentation A 45-year-old lady presented with a 3-week history of right loin pain, nausea and vomiting. A CT scan revealed a right adrenal angiomyolipoma measuring 6.3 × 6.8 cm with associated haemorrhage. The lesion was successfully treated with right open adrenalectomy, and histology confirmed the diagnosis of adrenal angiomyolipoma. The patient remained well with no evidence of recurrence at the 36-month follow-up. Conclusion Adrenal angiomyolipomas are rare benign tumours that have the ability to reach a large size and potential to bleed. Here, we report the second case of spontaneous haemorrhage in an adrenal angiomyolipoma, which was successfully treated with open adrenalectomy.

scholarly journals Clozapine-induced stuttering in the absence of known risk factors: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Jaguga
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Extrapyramidal Symptoms ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Rare Side Effect ◽  
History Of ◽  
Electrophysiological Findings

Abstract Background Stuttering is a rare side effect of clozapine. It has been shown to occur in the presence of one or more factors such as abnormal electrophysiological findings and seizures, extrapyramidal symptoms, brain pathology, and a family history of stuttering. Few case reports have documented the occurrence of clozapine-induced stuttering in the absence of these risk factors. Case presentation A 29-year-old African male on clozapine for treatment-resistant schizophrenia presented with stuttering at a dosage of 400 mg/day that resolved with dose reduction. Electroencephalogram findings were normal, and there was no clinical evidence of seizures. The patient had no prior history or family history of stuttering, had a normal neurological examination, and showed no signs of extrapyramidal symptoms. Conclusion Clinicians ought to be aware of stuttering as a side effect of clozapine, even in the absence of known risk factors. Further research should investigate the pathophysiology of clozapine-induced stuttering.

scholarly journals Fibromuscular dysplasia with recurrence after “long-term” following percutaneous transcatheter renal angioplasty: two case reports with a review of 26 patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuntaro Oribe ◽  
Takafumi Toyohara ◽  
Eikan Mishima ◽  
Takehiro Suzuki ◽  
Koichi Kikuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fibromuscular Dysplasia ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Renal Angioplasty ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Percutaneous Transluminal Renal Angioplasty ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) often causes renal artery stenosis with renovascular hypertension. Recent clinical outcomes encourage percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) to treat FMD; however, the necessary follow-up period remains unclear. Moreover, previous studies have not revealed the difference in the period until recurrence between two major types of FMD—multifocal and focal. Case presentation We describe two patients with multifocal FMD who developed hypertension during their teenage years and had recurrence of FMD > 10 years after PTRA. We further examined the types of FMD and age of onset in 26 patients who underwent PTRA. The period until recurrence of multifocal FMD was longer than that of focal FMD. Moreover, patients with early-onset multifocal FMD are likely to have a delayed recurrence after PTRA compared to other types. Conclusions Our report suggests that patients with multifocal FMD, especially those with onset at an early age, may need long-term follow-up for at least ≥ 10 years.

scholarly journals Familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 due to a novel missense mutation in ATP1A2

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Antonaci ◽  
Sabrina Ravaglia ◽  
Gaetano S. Grieco ◽  
Stella Gagliardi ◽  
Cristina Cereda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Familial Hemiplegic Migraine ◽  
Transmembrane Helices ◽  
Hemiplegic Migraine ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Italian Family ◽  
Protein Prediction ◽  
Functional Consequences

Abstract Background The mechanisms of genotype-phenotype interaction in Familiar Hemiplegic migraine type 2 (FHM2) are still far from clear. Different ATP1A2 mutations have been described, with a spectrum of phenotypes ranging from mild to severe. No genotype-phenotype correlations have been attempted. Case presentation We describe an Italian family with FHM and a missense ATP1A2 variant (L425H) not previously described. The clinical picture was mild in all the affected members. Conclusions Co-segregation of the variant with the aura phenotype was complete in this family, suggesting a 100% penetrance. In silico protein prediction softwares indicate that this variant may change the 3D structure of ATPA1A2 at the cytoplasmic loop between the two central transmembrane helices. Milder FHM phenotypes are rarely reported in literature, likely because case reports are biased towards the most severe phenotypes, with milder forms possibly misdiagnosed as sporadic migraine with aura forms (MAs), even with complex auras. Further studies taking into account intra-familiar variability and functional consequences on the channel protein may help clarify genotype-phenotype correlations.

scholarly journals Severe pneumonia caused by Parvimonas micra: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Yu ◽  
Lingling Sun ◽  
Zuqing Xu ◽  
Lumei Fan ◽  
Yunbo Du
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Due Date ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Abdominal Abscesses ◽  
Parvimonas Micra ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Abstract Background Parvimonas micra (P. micra) is a gram-positive anaerobic coccus that is detected widely on the skin, in the oral mucosa and in the gastrointestinal tract. In certain circumstances, P. micra can cause abdominal abscesses, bacteraemia and other infections. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no case reports describing the biological characteristics of P. micra-related pneumonia. These bacteria do not always multiply in an aerobic organ, such as the lung, and they could be easily overlooked because of the clinical mindset. Case presentation A 35-year-old pregnant woman was admitted to the emergency department 4 weeks prior to her due date who was exhibiting 5 points on the Glasgow coma scale. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed a massive haemorrhage in her left basal ganglia. She underwent a caesarean section and brain surgery before being admitted to the ICU. She soon developed severe pneumonia and hypoxemia. Given that multiple sputum cultures were negative, the patient’s bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was submitted for next-generation sequencing (NGS) to determine the pathogen responsible for the pneumonia; as a result, P. micra was determined to be the causative pathogen. Accordingly the antibiotic therapy was altered and the pneumonia improved. Conclusion In this case, we demonstrated severe pneumonia caused by the anaerobic organism P. micra, and the patient benefited from receiving the correct antibiotic. NGS was used as a method of quick diagnosis when sputum culture failed to distinguish the pathogen.

scholarly journals Identification of a De Novoc.1000delA ANK1 mutation associated to hereditary spherocytosis in a neonate with Coombs-negative hemolytic jaundice-case reports and review of the literature 

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lichun Xie ◽  
Zhihao Xing ◽  
Changgang Li ◽  
Si-xi Liu ◽  
Fei-qiu Wen
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Hereditary Spherocytosis ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
De Novo Mutation ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Genetic Detection ◽  
Membrane Defects ◽  
Severe Jaundice ◽  
Neonates And Infants

Abstract Background To strengthen the understanding of Hereditary Spherocytosis (HS) and determine the disease-causing mutation present with neonatal jaundice. HS is a hemolytic condition resulting from various erythrocyte membrane defects. Many different mutations result in HS, including mutations in ANK1. Case presentation A term neonate presented at ten hours with severe jaundice requiring exchange transfusion. At two months he was hospitalized due to repeated pallor and anemia requiring blood transfusions. Using next-generation sequencing, we discovered the responsible mutation in the proband but not in his parents; a heterozygous nucleotide variation of c.1000delA (p.1334Sfs*6) in ANK1. Thus hereditary spherocytosis was diagnosed. Conclusions Genetic detection is an important means of discovering the cause of hemolytic anemia in neonates and infants where routine diagnostic tests are unrevealing. We found a novel de novo mutation, c.1000delA (p.1334Sfs*6) in ANK1 that might account for other cases of HS in the Chinese population.

IMPORTANCE OF TOOTH-BRUSH DISINFECTION IN SARS Cov-2.

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Akash Bhatt ◽  
Neel Gupta ◽  
Lavisha Garg
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Cross Infection ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Potential Source

As public distribution of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is underway, prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) relies on minimizing spread. Toothbrushes are a potent source of infection as it harbours the microorganisms and increases the viral load as well. It also increases the chances of cross infection among family members. Therefore disinfecting toothbrushes after every use may be a viable option to decrease the total viral load as well as to limit the chances of cross - infection. This communication aims to focus on the fact that toothbrushes may be another potential source of infection in this pandemic, thereby this needs to be disinfected after every use and once person is recovered, it should be replaced with a new one.

Neonatal Conjunctivitis Caused by Neisseria cinerea: A Case of Mistaken Identity

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 478-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa M Fiorito ◽  
Asif Noor ◽  
Rodger Silletti ◽  
Leonard R Krilov
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Gonococcal Infection ◽  
Mistaken Identity ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Neonatal Conjunctivitis

AbstractWe report a case of a 3-day-old boy with Neisseria cinerea conjunctivitis, originally misidentified as Neisseria gonorrhoeae conjunctivitis. Neonates are at increased risk for disseminated gonococcal infection, and physicians should be cognizant of N cinerea and its potential to be mistaken for N gonorrhoeae.

scholarly journals Chilaiditi Syndrome: A Case Report Highlighting the Intermittent Nature of the Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esha M. Kapania ◽  
Christina Link ◽  
Joshua M. Eberhardt
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Complete Resolution ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Spontaneous Resolution ◽  
Radiographic Evidence ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Chilaiditi Syndrome

Background. Chilaiditi syndrome is a phenomenon where there is an interposition of the colon between the liver and the abdominal wall leading to clinical symptoms. This is distinct from Chilaiditi sign for which there is radiographic evidence of the interposition, but is asymptomatic. Case Presentation. Here, we present the case of a patient who, despite having clinical symptoms for a decade, had a delayed diagnosis presumably due to the interposition being intermittent and episodic. Conclusions. This case highlights the fact that Chilaiditi syndrome may be intermittent and episodic in nature. This raises an interesting question of whether previous case reports, which describe complete resolution of the syndrome after nonsurgical intervention, are perhaps just capturing periods of resolution that may have occurred spontaneously. Because the syndrome may be intermittent with spontaneous resolution and then recurrence, patients should have episodic follow-up after nonsurgical intervention.

scholarly journals SARS-COV-2 transmission among family members

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
Gordana Todorović ◽  
Aleksandar Joldžić ◽  
Slađana Anđelić ◽  
Darko Nedeljković
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Indirect Contact ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
The World ◽  
High Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Loss Of Appetite

Introduction/Objective Severe acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) is a new respiratory disease -COVID-19. A virus from the Coronaviridae family, highly contagious and virulent took over the world in a very short time causing the 2019/2020 pandemic. We are presenting the case of COVID-19 transmission among family members, patients of various ages, sex, clinical presentation and findings, who have been infected in different ways. Case reports Three patients are described, all with different coronavirus-specific symptomatology. Symptoms ranged from fatigue and loss of appetite with no other, more prominent symptoms in the youngest patient, to fever, high temperature, diarrhoea, muscle ache and chest pain during inspiration in the oldest patient. The third patient's dominant symptoms were dry, non-productive cough, lack of oxygen, shortness of breath and perspiration on exertion, headache and normal temperature, with radiographically confirmed bilateral pneumonia. Laboratory findings (leukopenia, lymphocytopenia with elevated C-reactive protein levels, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate and lactate dehydrogenase levels) were consistent with a viral infection, highly suspicious of SARS-COV-2, which was confirmed with a real-time RT-PCR test in all three patients. After being hospitalized in the Clinical Hospital Center "Zemun" Department of Pulmonology and treated with symptomatic, antiviral and antibiotic therapy, the disease regressed and the RT-PCR tests became negative. Conclusion SARS-COV-2 is a very aggressive and potent cause of the coronavirus disease. The presented cases confirm the possibility of quick transmission within a family through direct and indirect contact, as well as the diversity of symptoms, laboratory and clinical findings. Our clinical examples are similar in symptomatology and available results to cases from other parts of the world hit with the pandemic.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document