Skeletal muscle tone and the misunderstood stretch reflex

Neurology ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 951-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Davidoff
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Stretch Reflex ◽  
Muscle Tone

THE INFLUENCE OF HEMORRHAGE ON SKELETAL MUSCLE TONE

1942 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. Kiely ◽  
S. L. Hamilton ◽  
E. Gellhorn
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Tone

Stereoencephalotomy and Control of Skeletal Muscle Tone

1990 ◽  
Vol 54 (1-8) ◽  
pp. 136-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Struppler ◽  
T. Plant ◽  
M.T. Jahnke ◽  
H. Riescher
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
And Control

Measuring poststroke spasticity

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Gregson ◽  
A. K. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Normal State ◽  
Stretch Reflex ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Motor Disorder ◽  
Muscle Forces ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Stretch Reflexes ◽  
Reflex Action

What is spasticity?Spasticity is a well-recognized and potentially important clinical syndrome comprising inappropriate and involuntary high muscle tone. It has been variably defined, with debate still ongoing. Currently, the most widely accepted definition is that of Lance, stating that spasticity is ‘a motor disorder characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes (muscle tone) with exaggerated tendon jerks, resulting from hyper-excitability of the stretch reflex.’ Unfortunately, even this description does not fully encompass the multifactorial nature of spasticity, since resistance to movement, even in the normal state, is subject to varied contributors. These include patient volition, inertia, visco-elastic muscle forces and range of joint movement, as well as true muscle activation secondary to reflex action. In the real clinical world, it is often not possible to distinguish which of these features is/are dominant. Furthermore, spastic muscle undergoes physiopathological, rheologic change with stiffness, atrophy, fibrosis and finally contracture.

Preserving Skeletal Muscle Tone in Inactive Patients

1969 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 2662
Author(s):  
Leah Snyder Kinnaird
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Tone

Preserving Skeletal Muscle Tone in Inactive Patients

1969 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 2662-2663
Author(s):  
LEAH SNYDER KINNAIRD
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Tone

scholarly journals Basic Aspects of the Pharmacodynamics of Tolperisone, A Widely Applicable Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxant

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kornelia Tekes
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Muscle Relaxant ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Molecular Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Acting Muscle ◽  
Hydro Chloride ◽  
Different Origin

Tolperisone (2-methyl-1-(4-methylphenyl)-3-piperidin-1-ylpropan-1-one hydro-chloride) was introduced in the clinical practice more than forty years ago and is still evaluated as a widely applicable compound in pathologically elevated skeletal muscle tone (spasticity) and related pains of different origin. In the present review, basic pharmacodynamic effects measured on whole animals, analyses of its actions on cell and tissue preparations and molecular mechanism of action on sodium and calcium channels are summarized as recently significantly new data were reported.

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