scholarly journals Relationship between Histological Changes and Functions of the Neurosecretory Cells in the Brain of the Cabbage Armyworm, Mamestra brassicae L.

1977 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi HIRUMA ◽  
Noriaki AGUI
Keyword(s):  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
Mamestra Brassicae ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
The Brain

Age-related histological changes in neurosecretory cells in the supraoesophageal ganglion of Nereis virens (Annelida, Polychaeta)

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1735-1740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Bell ◽  
Joan R. Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Nereis Virens ◽  
Age Related ◽  
P Cells ◽  
The Brain

The supraoesophageal ganglion of Nereis virens has been surveyed by light microscopy to determine the locations of probable neurosecretory cells. Neurons reacting with paraldehyde fuchsin are found scattered throughout the brain, but the majority are accumulated posteriorly in nucleus 20. This nucleus was examined in some detail, and the histology of four cell types is described. Two types (p and r) are strongly paraldehyde-fuchsin-positive, and may be secretory. On the basis of other staining characteristics, and uptake of labelled cystine, it is concluded that p cells are rich in cystine and (or) cysteine. A comparison of juvenile and adult brains revealed that the same cell types exist at both developmental stages, but that p and r cells increase in number and staining intensity with age. These findings are not consistent with the notion that these particular cells are the source of a "juvenile hormone' ' which has been reported to exist in nereids. Rather it is suggested that the described cells are producers of a maturation and (or) spawning hormone.

The brain structure and neurosecretory cells of noctuid moth Anadevidia peponis: Noctuidae

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-437
Author(s):  
M. Sato ◽  
Y. Ogawa ◽  
M. Sasaki ◽  
T. Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Biological Clock ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
Noctuid Moth ◽  
The Right ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
The Brain

A virgin female of the noctuid moth, a kind of noctuidae that eats cucumis, etc. performs calling at a fixed time of each day, depending on the length of a day. The photoreceptors that induce this calling are located around the neurosecretory cells (NSC) in the central portion of the protocerebrum. Besides, it is considered that the female’s biological clock is located also in the cerebral lobe. In order to elucidate the calling and the function of the biological clock, it is necessary to clarify the basic structure of the brain. The observation results of 12 or 30 day-old noctuid moths showed that their brains are basically composed of an outer and an inner portion-neural lamella (about 2.5 μm) of collagen fibril and perineurium cells. Furthermore, nerve cells surround the cerebral lobes, in which NSCs, mushroom bodies, and central nerve cells, etc. are observed. The NSCs are large-sized (20 to 30 μm dia.) cells, which are located in the pons intercerebralis of the head section and at the rear of the mushroom body (two each on the right and left). Furthermore, the cells were classified into two types: one having many free ribosoms 15 to 20 nm in dia. and the other having granules 150 to 350 nm in dia. (Fig. 1).

HISTOMORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE BRAIN IN RELATION TO OVARIAN CYCLE OF FRESHWATER CRAB, BARYTELPHUSA CUNICULARIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C.A. JAWALE
Keyword(s):  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
Ovarian Cycle ◽  
Secretory Product ◽  
Freshwater Crab ◽  
Intensity Index ◽  
Cytoplasmic Material ◽  
Histomorphological Changes ◽  
Cyclic Changes ◽  
The Brain

Ovarian maturation by neurosecretory cells in the brain of freshwater crab, Barytelphusa cunicularis have been examined. The histological scrutiny of the brain of Barytelphusa cunicularis related with three types (A, B and C) of neurosecretory cells, which are classified on the basis of size, shape and tinctorial characters. All these types of cells marked annual cyclic changes of cytoplasmic material in association with ovarian cycle. The activity of these cells has been correlated with the ovarian cycle. They are distinguishable by their size, nature locations, shape, nucleus position, cell measure and the secretory product in the cytoplasm. The result indicates that the neurosecretory A, B and C cells of the brain seen involved in the process of mating ovulation. The neurosecretory materials staining intensity index of these cells is described.

scholarly journals THE PATHOLOGIC EFFECTS OF STREPTOCOCCI FROM CASES OF POLIOMYELITIS AND OTHER SOURCES

1917 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carroll G. Bull
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain

Streptococci cultivated from the tonsils of thirty-two cases of poliomyelitis were used to inoculate various laboratory animals. In no case was a condition induced resembling poliomyelitis clinically or pathologically in guinea pigs, dogs, cats, rabbits, or monkeys. On the other hand, a considerable percentage of the rabbits and a smaller percentage of some of the other animals developed lesions due to streptococci. These lesions consisted of meningitis, meningo-encephalitis, abscess of the brain, arthritis, tenosynovitis, myositis, abscess of the kidney, endocarditis, pericarditis, and neuritis. No distinction in the character or frequency of the lesions could be determined between the streptococci derived from poliomyelitic patients and from other sources. Streptococci isolated from the poliomyelitic brain and spinal cord of monkeys which succumbed to inoculation with the filtered virus failed to induce in monkeys any paralysis or the characteristic histological changes of poliomyelitis. These streptococci are regarded as secondary bacterial invaders of the nervous organs. Monkeys which have recovered from infection with streptococci derived from cases of poliomyelitis are not protected from infection with the filtered virus, and their blood does not neutralize the filtered virus in vitro. We have failed to detect any etiologic or pathologic relationship between streptococci and epidemic poliomyelitis in man or true experimental poliomyelitis in the monkey.

Neurosecretory Cells in the Brain of the Larva of Lucilia caesar L.

Nature ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 179 (4553) ◽  
pp. 257-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALASTAIR FRASER
Keyword(s):  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Neuropeptides in modulation of Drosophila behavior: how to get a grip on their pleiotropic actions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dick R Nässel ◽  
Dennis Pauls ◽  
Wolf Huetteroth
Keyword(s):  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Internal State ◽  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Specific Expression Pattern ◽  
Pleiotropic Functions ◽  
Pleiotropic Actions ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Different Levels

Neuropeptides constitute a large and diverse class of signaling molecules that are produced by many types of neurons, neurosecretory cells, endocrines and other cells. Many neuropeptides display pleiotropic actions either as neuromodulators, co-transmitters or circulating hormones, while some play these roles concurrently. Here, we highlight pleiotropic functions of neuropeptides and different levels of neuropeptide signaling in the brain, from context-dependent orchestrating signaling by higher order neurons, to local executive modulation in specific circuits. Additionally, orchestrating neurons receive peptidergic signals from neurons conveying organismal internal state cues and relay these to executive circuits. We exemplify these levels of signaling with four neuropeptides, SIFamide, short neuropeptide F, allatostatin-A and leucokinin, each with a specific expression pattern and level of complexity in signaling.

scholarly journals A case of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 with acute thrombotic cerebral infarction and generalized thrombosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 405-408
Author(s):  
Sylvia Nikolaeva Genova ◽  
Nikolaeva Genova ◽  
Mina Miroslavova Pencheva ◽  
Alexander Georgiev Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Viral Pneumonia ◽  
Autopsy Case ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Thrombotic Complications ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Brain

The full spectrum of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has not been fully described yet. COVID-19 is associated with a high risk of thrombotic complications such as venous thromboembolism and cerebrovascular disease. Here, we report an autopsy case of a 55-year-old woman diagnosed with severe viral pneumonia complicated by acute cerebral infarction and venous and arterial thrombosis in different organs. The patient died due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Macroscopically and histologically, in addition to viral pneumonia and diffuse hemorrhages, fibrin clots were found in arteries and venous vessels of medium and large size in the brain, lungs, and pancreas. Propagation of cerebrovascular thrombosis has led to extensive cerebral infarction. The dating of this infarction, according to the macroscopical findings and the histological changes, was between 24 and 48 h before death. This case confirms the hypothesis on the risk of generalized arterial and venous thromboses in coronavirus infection.

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