scholarly journals High resolution fire hazard index based on satellite images

2018 ◽  
pp. 29-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Laneve ◽  
Lorenzo Fusilli
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Burnt Area ◽  
Radar Imagery ◽  
Information Products

In December 2015, after 3 year of activity, the FP7 project PREFER (Space-based Information Support for Prevention and REcovery of Forest Fires Emergency in the MediteRranean Area) came to an end. The project was designed to respond to the need to improve the use of satellite images in applications related to the emergency services, in particular, to forest fires. The project aimed at developing, validating and demonstrating information products based on optical and SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) imagery for supporting the prevention of forest fires and the recovery/damage assessment of burnt area. The present paper presents an improved version of one of the products developed under the PREFER project, which is the Daily Fire Hazard Index (DFHI).

scholarly journals A COMPARISON BETWEEN OPTICAL AND RADAR SATELLITE IMAGES FOR DETECTING TROPICAL FOREST FIRES IN SOUTH SUMATRA, INDONESIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heri Sunuprapto ◽  
Yousif Ali Hussin
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Remote Sensing And Gis ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Burnt Area ◽  
Forest Condition ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Radar Satellite

Forest fire in Indonesia is a yearly potential caused for forest degradation. Theinformation available about the main factors that promote the forest fire and informationabout the forest condition after the forest fire are insufficient . This is one of the reasonswhy forest area neglected after they are burned. Remote sensing and GIS are helpful toolsto provide a quick and accurate data acquisition and that can describe the forestcondition after the forest fire. The objectives of this research were to asses the ability ofoptical and radar satellite remotely sensed data to detect, identify and classify forestdamage (burnt area) caused by fire and to develop a spatial model for forest fire hazard.Key words: detection burnt forest, Landsat-TM, ERS, and JERS images

scholarly journals POST-FIRE HAZARD DETECTION USING ALOS-2 RADAR AND LANDSAT-8 OPTICAL IMAGERY

2020 ◽  
Vol VI-3/W1-2020 ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
S. Mutai ◽  
L. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Image Feature ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Burnt Area ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Normalized Burn Ratio

Abstract. This study investigates the use of Advanced Land Observing Satellite 2 (ALOS-2) equipped with an enhanced L-band SAR sensor imagery alongside with Landsat-8 optical sensor in detection and mapping of burnt and unburnt scars occurring after a bushfire in Victoria, Australia. The bushfires had recently occurred in the period of 2018–2019. The analysis was explored using a contextual classifier Support Vector Machine (SVM), as SVM allows us to integrate spectral information and spatial context through the optimal smoothing parameter without degrading image quality. The training and test set datasets consisting of burnt and unburnt pixels were created from Landsat-8 scenes used as reference data. The backscatter intensity maps (acquired before and after the forest fires) from ALOS-2 data were compared and investigated, with a special concern on topographic influence removal. The dual polarizations (HH and HV) have been used to improve the forest fire mapping capability. These change detection techniques were based on image feature differences, index calculation such as normalized burn ratio. The burnt area and unburnt area were then classified via a threshold given by the pre- and post- disaster differences. The classification result achieved an accuracy of 80% Landsat-8 and 89% ALOS-2. This result shows the limitations of burnt area mapping with ALOS-2 due to effect local incidence angle and topography were of greater impact resulting in shadows. Nevertheless, the results in both areas verify the use of satellite SAR sensors and optical in forestry application.

Estimating spatiotemporal dynamics of forest fire hazard using Analytical Hierarchy Process and geostatistical methods in Similipal Biosphere Reserve, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnab Laha ◽  
Shobhit Singh ◽  
Utsav Mishra ◽  
Manudeo Singh
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Vegetation Density ◽  
Geostatistical Methods ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Forest Fire Hazard ◽  
Hierarchy Process

<p>Anthropogenic factors and climate change induced severe forest fires that are reoccurring globally. Because of the large spatial scale, frequent occurrence, and danger involved with the forest fires, remote sensing-based approaches are best suited to study this phenomenon. However, there are few studies addressing the temporal effects of the various factors associated with the  forest fire. In this work, by using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), a multi-criteria decision support system and geostatistical methods namely Getis-Ord Gi* statstic and Mann Kendall trend test, we have developed a framework to understand the temporal dynamics of forest fire hazard and associated factors by demarcating the hotspots of forest fire using freely available datasets . The proposed framework has been applied on the Similipal Biosphere Reserve (SBR), Odisha, India. With an area of 5569 km<sup>2</sup>, the SBR is the sixth largest biosphere reserve in India, comprising of a national park, bird sancturary, tiger reserve, and elephant corridor. Due to its biodiversity and importance in terms of rich and endemic species of flora and fauna, SBR was brought into the umbrella of world network of biosphere reserve under the Man and Biosphere (MAB) programme of UNESCO in the year 2008. Although being a biosphere of international importance, the SBR annually experiences nearly 12 km<sup>2</sup> of fire damage.Through this work, the most significant clusters of forest fire hotspots have been demarcated. We have used factors related to topographical, climatic, and physical characteristics of forest to generate forest fire hazard index at annual scale for 28 years (1988 – 2018) using AHP method. The geostatistical methods were applied on the generated annual fire hazard index data to demarcate the zones of emerging hotspots of forest fire. The results indicate that temporally, the trend of forest fire hazard in buffer zone of the area (Similipal Sanctuary) is decreasing, whereas in core area (Similipal National Park), it is increasing and corelates with the temporal trend of vegetation density in the whole area. However, vegetation density and land surface temperature in the core area does not changes significantly with time. The emerging hotspot analysis shows that most of the region (32% of the total area) is exhibiting an oscillating behaviour with respect to the fire hazard over the studied time-period of 28 years, with more than 50% of the years showing increasing trends of fire hazard. A total of 186 km<sup>2 </sup>of the region is persistently a hotspot of fire hazard in studied time-period. Overall, 11% of the study area is either under persistent fire hazard or showing increasing trend of fire hazard. However, in the central part of the SNP, the fire hazard is decreasing with time. The same region also observes intense rain, and this could be a factor for the observed decrement in the fire hazard. The results can be used for mitigating the fire hazard of the SBR, alsothe proposed framework can be applied globally to any region with dense vegetation for fire hazard spatiotemporal assessments.</p>

scholarly journals POSSIBILITIES OF USING MULTI-ZONE SATELLITE IMAGES AND GIS TECHNOLOGIES FOR MONITORING PIPELINE SYSTEMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Daniil V. Dolgopolov ◽  
Vyacheslav A. Melkiy ◽  
Alexey A. Verkhoturov
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
The North ◽  
Pipeline Systems ◽  
Multispectral Satellite Images ◽  
Automated Processing ◽  
Sentinel 2A

In this paper, we consider the possibility of using multi-zone satellite images and automated processing of Earth remote sensing materials for solving problems of information support of the operation of pipeline systems in fire hazard conditions. The possibility of classifying vegetation types based on Sentinel-2A satellite images, taking into account data from selective ground inspection, as well as assessment of the forest-ecological situation along pipeline routes is demonstrated. The method of using multispectral satellite images for analyzing the forest fire situation was presented. On the example woodlands of the North Sakhalin by TERRA satellite images it was shown that vegetation cover can be monitored in forest areas where pipelines are laid. The proposed and tested approach can be used for analysis of conditions in forests with a developed pipeline network. The combinations of Landsat 8 (ETM+) and Sentinel-2 (MSI S2A) channels that best allow detecting and monitoring fires are shown, as well as example of implementing by GIS-based forest fire monitoring system.

scholarly journals DESEMPENHO DO ÍNDICE DE PERIGO DE INCÊNDIOS FMA NO PARQUE NACIONAL DA CHAPADA DOS GUIMARÃES-MT

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Arlindo De Paula Machado Neto ◽  
Ronaldo Viana Soares ◽  
Antonio Carlos Batista ◽  
Daniela Biondi ◽  
Anderson Pedro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
National Park ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Skill Score ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
High Hazard ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

O estudo teve como objetivo, analisar o desempenho da Fórmula de Monte Alegre (FMA) no Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Guimarães (PNCG) de 2005 a 2014. Os dados meteorológicos utilizados para o cálculo da FMA foram obtidos no banco de dados históricos do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET), da estação meteorológica localizada no município de Cuiabá. Dos 3.650 dias avaliados, as classes de perigo nulo e pequeno ocorreram em média 52,97%, enquanto as classes de perigo médio, alto e muito alto ocorreram em média em 47,23%. Foi observado que o índice previu um maior número de dias concentrados nas classes “nulo”, indicando que a fórmula necessita de ajustes nas classes de perigo do índice. O valor obtido para o skill score foi de 0,0333 e a porcentagem de sucesso apresentou um valor de 54,22. Observou-se que dos 23.737,76 ha queimados, 98,63% foram queimados quando o índice apresentou um grau de perigo muito alto. Apesar de necessitar de ajustes, a FMA apresentou um bom desempenho, com 67,41% dos incêndios ocorrendo nos dias em que o índice indicava a classe de perigo “muito alto”, demonstrando que a fórmula pode ser adotada como subsídio de prevenção dos incêndios florestais no parque.Palavra-chave: incêndios florestais, unidade de conservação, porcentagem de sucesso. PERFORMANCE OF THE FMA FIRE HAZARD INDEX AT CHAPADA DOS GUIMARÃES-MT NATIONAL PARK ABSTRACT:The objective of this study was to analyze the performance of the Monte Alegre Formula (FMA) in the National Park of Chapada dos Guimarães (PNCG) from 2005 to 2014. The meteorological data used to calculate the AMF were obtained from the historical database of the Institute National Meteorological Service (INMET), of the meteorological station located in the city of Cuiabá. Of the 3,650 days evaluated, the null and small hazard classes occurred on average 52.97%, while the medium, high and very high hazard classes occurred on average at 47.23%. It was observed that the index predicted a higher number of days concentrated in the "null" classes, indicating that the formula needs to be adjusted in the hazard classes of the index. The value obtained for the skill score was 0.0333 and the success percentage presented a value of 54.22. It was observed that of the 23,737,76 ha burned, 98.63% were burned when the index presented a very high degree of danger. Despite the need for adjustments, the FMA performed well, with 67.41% of the fires occurring on days when the index indicated the "very high" hazard class, demonstrating that the formula can be adopted as a fire prevention subsidy forest in the park.Keywords: forest fires, conservation unit, percentage of success. DOI:

scholarly journals Fractal properties of forest fires in Amazonia as a basis for modelling pan-tropical burnt area

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1449-1459 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. N. Fletcher ◽  
L. E. O. C. Aragão ◽  
A. Lima ◽  
Y. Shimabukuro ◽  
P. Friedlingstein
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fire Spread ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Burnt Area ◽  
Active Fire ◽  
Fractal Properties ◽  
Dynamic Global Vegetation Models ◽  
Vegetation Models ◽  
Global Vegetation

Abstract. Current methods for modelling burnt area in dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) involve complex fire spread calculations, which rely on many inputs, including fuel characteristics, wind speed and countless parameters. They are therefore susceptible to large uncertainties through error propagation, but undeniably useful for modelling specific, small-scale burns. Using observed fractal distributions of fire scars in Brazilian Amazonia in 2005, we propose an alternative burnt area model for tropical forests, with fire counts as sole input and few parameters. This model is intended for predicting large-scale burnt area rather than looking at individual fire events. A simple parameterization of a tapered fractal distribution is calibrated at multiple spatial resolutions using a satellite-derived burnt area map. The model is capable of accurately reproducing the total area burnt (16 387 km2) and its spatial distribution. When tested pan-tropically using the MODIS MCD14ML active fire product, the model accurately predicts temporal and spatial fire trends, but the magnitude of the differences between these estimates and the GFED3.1 burnt area products varies per continent.

scholarly journals Evaluation of short-term changes of hydrological response in mountainous basins of the Vitim Plateau (Russia) after forest fires based on data analysis and hydrological modelling

2015 ◽  
Vol 371 ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. M. Semenova ◽  
L. S. Lebedeva ◽  
N. V. Nesterova ◽  
T. A. Vinogradova
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Burned Area ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Hydrological Response ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Burnt Area ◽  
Area Product ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Fire Impact

Abstract. Twelve mountainous basins of the Vitim Plateau (Eastern Siberia, Russia) with areas ranging from 967 to 18 200 km2 affected by extensive fires in 2003 (from 13 to 78% of burnt area) were delineated based on MODIS Burned Area Product. The studied area is characterized by scarcity of hydrometeorological observations and complex hydrological processes. Combined analysis of monthly series of flow and precipitation was conducted to detect short-term fire impact on hydrological response of the basins. The idea of basin-analogues which have significant correlation of flow with "burnt" watersheds in stationary (pre-fire) period with the assumption that fire impact produced an outlier of established dependence was applied. Available data allowed for qualitative detection of fire-induced changes at two basins from twelve studied. Summer flow at the Amalat and Vitimkan Rivers (22 and 78% proportion of burnt area in 2003, respectively) increased by 40–50% following the fire.The impact of fire on flow from the other basins was not detectable.The hydrological model Hydrograph was applied to simulate runoff formation processes for stationary pre-fire and non-stationary post-fire conditions. It was assumed that landscape properties changed after the fire suggest a flow increase. These changes were used to assess the model parameters which allowed for better model performance in the post-fire period.

Evaluation of critical atmospheric patterns for the occurrence of forest fires in a climate change context in the northwest of Argentine Patagonia.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Dankiewicz ◽  
Matilde M. Rusticucci ◽  
Soledad M. Collazo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Fire Danger ◽  
Fire Season ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Fire Weather Index ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Argentine Patagonia ◽  
In Fire

<p>Forest fires are a global phenomenon and result from complex interactions between weather and climate conditions, ignition sources, and humans. Understanding these relationships will contribute to the development of management strategies for their mitigation and adaptation. In the context of climate change, fire hazard conditions are expected to increase in many regions of the world due to projected changes in climate, which include an increase in temperatures and the occurrence of more intense droughts. In Argentina, northwestern Patagonia is an area very sensitive to these changes because of its climate, vegetation, the urbanizations highly exposed to fires, and the proximity of two of the largest and oldest National Parks in the country. The main objective of this work is to analyze the possible influence of climate change on some atmospheric patterns related to fire danger in northwestern Argentine Patagonia. The data were obtained from two CMIP5 global climate models CSIRO-Mk3-6-0 and GFDL-ESM2G and the CMIP5 multimodel ensemble, in the historical experiment and two representative concentration pathways: RCP2.6 and RCP8.5. The data used in this study cover the region's fire season (FS), from September to April, and were divided into five periods of 20 years each, a historical period (1986-2005), which was compared with four future periods: near (2021-2040), medium (2041-2060), far (2061-2080) and very far (2081-2100). The statistical distribution of the monthly composite fields of the FS was studied for some of the main fire drivers: sea surface temperature in the region of the index EN3.4 (SST EN3.4), sea level pressure anomalies ​​(SLP), surface air temperature anomalies (TAS), the Antarctic Oscillation Index (AOI) and monthly accumulated precipitation (PR). In addition, the partial correlation coefficient was calculated to determine the independent contribution of each atmospheric variable to the Fire Weather Index (FWI), used as a proxy for the mean FS danger. As a result, we observed that SST EN3.4 is the only one that could indicate a reduction in fire danger in the future, although no variable presented a significant contribution to the FWI with respect to the others. In the RCP8.5 scenario, greater fire danger is projected by the TAS, the PR, the SLP, and relative by the AOI, while in the RCP2.6 scenario, only the TAS shows influence leading to an increase, which would be offset by the opposite influence of SST EN3.4 for the same periods in this scenario. In conclusion, in RCP8.5 it could be assumed that there is a trend towards an increase in fire danger given the influence in this sense of most of the variables analyzed, but not in RCP2.6 where there would be no significant changes.</p>

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