scholarly journals Radosława Piwowarskiego podróże nostalgiczne. Kreowanie pamięci wspólnotowej i „realizm pamięci” w narracjach o Dolinie Dzieciństwa i Młodości

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (37) ◽  
pp. 349-363
Author(s):  
Mariola Marczak
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Personal Memory ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
Subjective Reality ◽  
The Past ◽  
Narrative Structures ◽  
Childhood And Youth ◽  
Film Style

The article comprises a study of the creative work of the Polish director Radosław Piwowarski, represented by his most characteristic films. The author points out the merger of stylized realism and of the nostalgic (or to be more precise – the realism stylized by means of nostalgia) as constitutive for the film style of this film artist. As a result of film analyses, the narrative structures of Piwowarski’s films appear to be memory structures, as they re-create the reality remembered by the filmmaker, who usually chooses the topos of a trip down memory lane to express his personal and subjective point of view. The film’s story becomes the image of the subjective reality, since it is a product of personal memory, consciousness and imagination. Piwowarski refers to the motif of the Valley of Childhood and Youth, vivid and active in the Polish literature and cinema, as an universum closed up in the past and lost forever, which, however, is accessible through the activity of recalling. The director, by the act of re-creation of a world personally remembered, actualizes the collective memory and therefore creates a community of memory with viewers of his films. The screen image of the past reality therefore gains double reliability – as a personal confession and as a record of the past; in consequence, we achieve the esthetical category of realism of memory.

Polish-Jewish Relations and the January Uprising: The Polish Perspective

2004 ◽  
pp. 68-80
Author(s):  
Magdalena Opalska
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Aspect ◽  
Jewish Question ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Polish Society ◽  
Complex Structural ◽  
Positive Evaluation

This chapter focuses on Polish–Jewish relations and the January uprising. The memory of the pro-Polish orientation of the Jews in the January uprising remained alive throughout the 19th and in the early 20th centuries. The legend of patriotic ‘Poles of Mosaic faith’, which crystallized in the 1860s as a part of a broader romantic myth, gained a lasting place in literary tradition. The positive evaluation of the Jewish role generally remained artistically and ideologically rooted in the traditional romantic worldview. From that point of view, many later works can be seen as fossils of Polish romanticism. As the character of Polish–Jewish relations deteriorated, the Jewish legend of 1863 was continually revised in retrospect and it evolved in an increasingly negative fashion. Projecting new problems upon the past, Polish literature of the realist and modernist periods emphasized the economic aspect of Polish–Jewish relations and portrayed Jewish political loyalties with growing ambivalence. Echoing complex structural changes in post-insurrectionary Polish society as a whole, changes which brought about the revision of the larger myth of 1863, the evolution of its Jewish aspect followed closely the course of the debate on the so-called ‘Jewish question’.

5TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE PATRIOTIC WAR OF 1812. PRACTICES OF COMMEMORATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-88
Author(s):  
Philipp I. Ulanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
War Of 1812 ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Press

This article examines the commemoration practices in marking 5th anniversary of the Patriotic war of 1812. Those celebrations became actually the first commemorative event dedicated to that war. A historical analysis is based on the material of mass media and memoirs of contemporaries. The focal point of the article is the collective memory formation process: what ceremonies were carried out and what goals were pursued by the state, what were the narratives of historical memory that existed in the press. The study of historical memory and its formation means, and specifically with regard to the anniversaries of the Patriotic war of 1812, has become widely prevalent in modern Russian historiography. However, historians rarely focus their attention on the 5th jubilee of the war. The study of that event from the point of view of the memorial history problematic will reveal not only the emerging of the narratives of historical memory, but also will be the starting point in the further study of their evolution and changes. The study of that dynamics is extremely important, because using the memory of the Patriotic war of 1812 has contributed to forming the national identity and self-consciousness of the Russian population over the past two centuries.

scholarly journals Powiernicy, kolekcjonerzy, (re)konstruktorzy. Współcześni artyści wobec rzeczy znalezionych

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-174
Author(s):  
Karolina Izdebska
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Contemporary Culture ◽  
Personal Memory ◽  
Community Art ◽  
Art Collecting ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Senses ◽  
Found Object

The term ‘found object’ refers to an existing object or artifact that contemporary artists use in undertaking memory-related themes in their art. Originally, such objects would not have fit in the category of art, although for their finders they might have had value (for instance, for aesthetic or nostalgic reasons, or due to the object’s originality). By means of the found object an artist comments on contemporary culture, constructing an artistic narration that concerns the past and reveals the memories or identities connected with places and people (for instance, site-specific art or community art). Through art collecting, the revelation or discovery of things from the past, artists become custodians of memory and engage in its reconstruction; this may involve either the ‘small’ personal memory or the collective memory, for instance, one based on the history of a location. In the artistic practices analyzed in the article, things also become a means to influence the course of our activities, by evoking memories and the emotions connected with them, awakening the senses and affecting the course of interhuman relations.

scholarly journals Monuments on city photos. Interaction and confrontation between the past and the present

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 9-22
Author(s):  
Alexandra L. Yurgeneva
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Active Movement ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ritual Action ◽  
Secular Society ◽  
Monuments And Memorials ◽  
Aesthetic Characteristics ◽  
Different Cultures

The paper explores the photos that capture monuments and memorials. A topical issue is the collision of various cultural and temporal layers in the image, as well as the interaction of personal and collective memory, arising as a result of imprinting a person and a monument on a photograph. The aim of the study was to create a typology formulated on the basis of the functions of photographs and their aesthetic characteristics. Each of the types was considered from the point of view of its significance in the culture of memory and in relation to other commemorative practices. Special attention was paid to the touristic photography, acting as a meeting and dialogue of different cultures. The importance of this topic is explained by the active movement of people between cities and countries and the erasure of spatial boundaries in the Internet network, where the bulk of digital photographs circulate. The paper reveals that such images may act as sources of conflict that arises out of the collision of traveler's self-identity and a collective memory of another people. As a result of the study, three main types of images were identified: 1) the monument as an artistic object in the environment, 2) tourist photography, 3) reporting photographs taken during official celebrations. In each case, the imprinting of the monument is subordinated to a specific task. The author comes to the conclusion that photographing monuments meets the needs of secular society in a ritual action expressing respect, attention or interest in relation to an object that preserves the memory of a place, event or person.

Mıgırdiç Margosyan and Mehmed Uzun: Remembering cultural Pluralism in Diyarbakır

2007 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 145-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nüket Esen
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Cultural Pluralism ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cultural Identities ◽  
Short Story Collection ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Religious Cultures

AbstractLiterary narratives offer their audience opportunities to surpass existing monolithic social and cultural identities through reflecting on and representing the past from new perspectives. This article aims to elaborate this argument by a discussion of multi-ethnicity, multiculturalism, reflective nostalgia, and cultural intimacy in the portrayals of Diyarbakir's “Infidel Quarter” in two literary works: Mıgırdiç Margosyan's Gavur Mahallesi and Mehmed Uzun's Nar Çiçekleri. Both works, the former as a short story collection and the latter as a collection of essays, share autobiographical features and reflect the multiculturalism of Diyarbakır in the 1940s and 1950s from the point of view of an Armenian and a Kurd with similar sensitivities. Margosyan and Uzun's works indicate a cultural pluralism in Diyarbakır where different religious cultures used to exist side by side. The intermingling of languages in this neighborhood shows a kind of “inclusive multiculturalism.” Svetlana Boym's differentiation and discussion of two kinds of nostalgia as restorative and reflective, the former as nationalist and the latter as individual or collective memory oriented, help us to evaluate Margosyan and Uzun's works as alternatives to nationalist narratives. Both of these works, dealing with reflective nostalgia through the depiction of cultural intimacy between ethnic groups, provide their audience with possibilities for the future.

Chelovek.RU/Человек.RU

Chelovek RU ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 18-53
Author(s):  
Sergei Avanesov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Great Distance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Past ◽  
Russian Philosopher ◽  
True Meaning ◽  
The Future ◽  
Pavel Florensky ◽  
The Moment

Abstract. The article analyzes the autobiography of the famous Russian philosopher, theologian and scientist Pavel Florensky, as well as those of his texts that retain traces of memories. According to Florensky, the personal biography is based on family history and continues in children. He addresses his own biography to his children. Memories based on diary entries are designed as a memory diary, that is, as material for future memories. The past becomes actual in autobiography, turns into a kind of present. The past, from the point of view of its realization in the present, gains meaning and significance. The au-thor is active in relation to his own past, transforming it from a collection of disparate facts into a se-quence of events. A person can only see the true meaning of such events from a great distance. Therefore, the philosopher remembers not so much the circumstances of his life as the inner impressions of the en-counter with reality. The most powerful personality-forming experiences are associated with childhood. Even the moment of birth can decisively affect the character of a person and the range of his interests. The foundations of a person's worldview are laid precisely in childhood. Florensky not only writes mem-oirs about himself, but also tries to analyze the problems of time and memory. A person is immersed in time, but he is able to move into the past through memory and into the future through faith. An autobi-ography can never be written to the end because its author lives on. However, reaching the depths of life, he is able to build his path in such a way that at the end of this path he will unite with the fullness of time, with eternity.

Portuguese Sardines - from the ritual to the brand

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-120
Author(s):  
Cecília Avelino Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Place Branding ◽  
Symbolic Capital ◽  
City Council ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
City Branding ◽  
The Past ◽  
Behavioral Expression ◽  
The City ◽  
City Identity

Place branding is a network of associations in the consumer’s mind, based on the visual, verbal, and behavioral expression of a place. Food can be an important tool to summarize it as it is part of the culture of a city and its symbolic capital. Food is imaginary, a ritual and a social construction. This paper aims to explore a ritual that has turned into one of the brands of Lisbon in the past few years. The fresh sardines barbecued out of doors, during Saint Anthony’s festival, has become a symbol that can be found on t-shirts, magnets and all kinds of souvenirs. Over the year, tourists can buy sardine shaped objects in very cheap stores to luxurious shops. There is even a whole boutique dedicated to the fish: “The Fantastic World of Portuguese Sardines” and an annual competition promoted by the city council to choose the five most emblematic designs of sardines. In order to analyze the Sardine phenomenon from a city branding point of view, the objective of this paper is to comprehend what associations are made by foreigners when they are outside of Lisbon. As a methodological procedure five design sardines, were used of last year to questioning to which city they relate them in interviews carried in Madrid, Lyon, Rome and London. Upon completion of the analysis, the results of the city branding strategy adopted by the city council to promote the sardines as the official symbol of Lisbon is seen as a Folkmarketing action. The effects are positive, but still quite local. On the other hand, significant participation of the Lisbon´s dwellers in the Sardine Contest was observed, which seems to be a good way to promote the city identity and pride in their best ambassador: the citizens.

The Palestinian Refugee Camps In Jordan: Between National Identity and Socio-economic Integration

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ala Al-Hamarneh
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Spatial Integration ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Distinct Character ◽  
Palestinian Refugee

At least 50 per cent of the population of Jordan is of Palestinian origin. Some 20 per cent of the registered refugees live in ten internationally organized camps, and another 20 per cent in four locally organized camps and numerous informal camps. The camps organized by the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) play a major role in keeping Palestinian identity alive. That identity reflects the refugees' rich cultural traditions, political activities, as well as their collective memory, and the distinct character of each camp. Over the past two decades integration of the refugees within Jordanian society has increased. This paper analyses the transformation of the identity of the camp dwellers, as well as their spatial integration in Jordan, and other historical and contemporary factors contributing to this transformation.

Collective Memory: Between Values and Historical Knowledge

2020 ◽  
pp. 124-142
Author(s):  
VICTOR BURLACHUK
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future

At the end of the twentieth century, questions of a secondary nature suddenly became topical: what do we remember and who owns the memory? Memory as one of the mental characteristics of an individual’s activity is complemented by the concept of collective memory, which requires a different method of analysis than the activity of a separate individual. In the 1970s, a situation arose that gave rise to the so-called "historical politics" or "memory politics." If philosophical studies of memory problems of the 30’s and 40’s of the twentieth century were focused mainly on the peculiarities of perception of the past in the individual and collective consciousness and did not go beyond scientific discussions, then half a century later the situation has changed dramatically. The problem of memory has found its political sound: historians and sociologists, politicians and representatives of the media have entered the discourse on memory. Modern society, including all social, ethnic and family groups, has undergone a profound change in the traditional attitude towards the past, which has been associated with changes in the structure of government. In connection with the discrediting of the Soviet Union, the rapid decline of the Communist Party and its ideology, there was a collapse of Marxism, which provided for a certain model of time and history. The end of the revolutionary idea, a powerful vector that indicated the direction of historical time into the future, inevitably led to a rapid change in perception of the past. Three models of the future, which, according to Pierre Nora, defined the face of the past (the future as a restoration of the past, the future as progress and the future as a revolution) that existed until recently, have now lost their relevance. Today, absolute uncertainty hangs over the future. The inability to predict the future poses certain challenges to the present. The end of any teleology of history imposes on the present a debt of memory. Features of the life of memory, the specifics of its state and functioning directly affect the state of identity, both personal and collective. Distortion of memory, its incorrect work, and its ideological manipulation can give rise to an identity crisis. The memorial phenomenon is a certain political resource in a situation of severe socio-political breaks and changes. In the conditions of the economic crisis and in the absence of a real and clear program for future development, the state often seeks to turn memory into the main element of national consolidation.

History of Tour de France from the Geographical Point of View

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 255-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimír Bačík ◽  
Michal Klobučník
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Past ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
The World ◽  
Spatial Dimensions ◽  
Tour De France ◽  
Wide Circle ◽  
History Of ◽  
Expert Community ◽  
Geographical Point

Abstract The Tour de France, a three week bicycle race has a unique place in the world of sports. The 100th edition of the event took place in 2013. In the past of 110 years of its history, people noticed unique stories and duels in particular periods, celebrities that became legends that the world of sports will never forget. Also many places where the races unfolded made history in the Tour de France. In this article we tried to point out the spatial context of this event using advanced technologies for distribution of historical facts over the Internet. The Introduction briefly displays the attendance of a particular stage based on a regional point of view. The main topic deals with selected historical aspects of difficult ascents which every year decide the winner of Tour de France, and also attract fans from all over the world. In the final stage of the research, the distribution of results on the website available to a wide circle of fans of this sports event played a very significant part (www.tdfrance.eu). Using advanced methods and procedures we have tried to capture the historical and spatial dimensions of Tour de France in its general form and thus offering a new view of this unique sports event not only to the expert community, but for the general public as well.

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