Comparative effects of berberine and piperine on the neuroprotective potential of neostigmine

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Adeniyi Adefegha ◽  
Ganiyu Oboh ◽  
Bathlomew Maduka Okeke
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Reducing Properties

Abstract Objectives This study examined effect of berberine and piperine on neuroprotective potential of neostigmine in the management of neurological disorders. Methods Berberine and neostigmine were weighed (30 g), dissolved in distilled water (30 mL) separately, while, 30 mg piperine was dissolved in ethanol (0.45 mL), made up to 30 mL with distilled water. Antioxidant activities in 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), 2, 2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) radical (ABTS), Fe-chelation, ferric reducing properties (FRAP), nitric oxide (NO) and hydroxyl (OH) radical scavenging abilities and Fe2+, cisplatin and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) induced lipid peroxidation (LPO), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and monoamine oxidase (MAO) activities were assessed in vitro. Results The result revealed that tested compounds inhibited enzymes activities dose-dependently. However, berberine (IC50=0.17 mg/mL) had slight higher AChE inhibitory effect than piperine and neostigmine (p<0.05). Also, berberine had the highest BChE inhibitory effect (IC50=0.16 mg/mL) while piperine exhibited the highest MAO inhibitory effect (IC50=0.21 mg/mL). Berberine, piperine and neostigmine exhibited high antioxidant properties and inhibited Fe2+, cisplatin and SNP induced LPO. Conclusions Both alkaloids demonstrated antiradical scavenging ability comparable to neostigmine action against Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The modulatory and antioxidant berberine and piperine properties on these enzymes (AChE, BChE and MAO) could be possible underlying mechanisms in employing these compounds as a complementary therapy in neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) management.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition, In Vitro and In Silico Antioxidant Potential of Melissa officinalis subsp. officinalis Essential Oil

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1081
Author(s):  
Matilda Rădulescu ◽  
Călin Jianu ◽  
Alexandra Teodora Lukinich-Gruia ◽  
Marius Mioc ◽  
Alexandra Mioc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Β Carotene

The investigation aimed to study the in vitro and in silico antioxidant properties of Melissa officinalis subsp. officinalis essential oil (MOEO). The chemical composition of MOEO was determined using GC–MS analysis. Among 36 compounds identified in MOEO, the main were beta-cubebene (27.66%), beta-caryophyllene (27.41%), alpha-cadinene (4.72%), caryophyllene oxide (4.09%), and alpha-cadinol (4.07%), respectively. In vitro antioxidant properties of MOEO have been studied in 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging, and inhibition of β-carotene bleaching assays. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for the radical scavenging abilities of ABTS and DPPH were 1.225 ± 0.011 μg/mL and 14.015 ± 0.027 μg/mL, respectively, demonstrating good antioxidant activity. Moreover, MOEO exhibited a strong inhibitory effect (94.031 ± 0.082%) in the β-carotene bleaching assay by neutralizing hydroperoxides, responsible for the oxidation of highly unsaturated β-carotene. Furthermore, molecular docking showed that the MOEO components could exert an in vitro antioxidant activity through xanthine oxidoreductase inhibition. The most active structures are minor MOEO components (approximately 6%), among which the highest affinity for the target protein belongs to carvacrol.

Aqueous extracts of avocado pear (Persea americana Mill.) leaves and seeds exhibit anti-cholinesterases and antioxidant activities in vitro

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganiyu Oboh ◽  
Veronica O. Odubanjo ◽  
Fatai Bello ◽  
Ayokunle O. Ademosun ◽  
Sunday I. Oyeleye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Natural Treatment

AbstractAvocado pear (The inhibitory effects of extracts on AChE and BChE activities and antioxidant potentials (inhibition of FeThe extracts inhibited AChE and BChE activities and prooxidant-induced TBARS production in a dose-dependent manner, with the seed extract having the highest inhibitory effect and the leaf extract exhibiting higher phenolic content and radical scavenging abilities, but lower Fe chelation ability compared with that of the seed. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, alkaloids, and terpenoids in both extracts, whereas the total alkaloid profile was higher in the seed extract than in the leaf extract, as revealed by GC-FID.The anti-cholinesterase and antioxidant activities of avocado leaf and seed could be linked to their phytoconstituents and might be the possible mechanisms underlying their use as a cheap and natural treatment/management of AD. However, these extracts should be further investigated in vivo.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant Properties ofPhaulopsis fascisepalaC.B.Cl. (Acanthaceae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Adesegun ◽  
A. Fajana ◽  
C. I. Orabueze ◽  
H. A. B. Coker
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Chelating Ability

The antioxidant activities of crude extract ofPhaulopsis fascisepalaleaf were evaluated and compared with α-tocopherol and BHT as synthetic antioxidants and ascorbic acid as natural-based antioxidant.In vitro, we studied its antioxidative activities, radical-scavenging effects, Fe2+-chelating ability and reducing power. The total phenolic content was determined and expressed in gallic acid equivalent. The extract showed variable activities in all of thesein vitrotests. The antioxidant effect ofP. fascisepalawas strongly dose dependent, increased with increasing leaf extract dose and then leveled off with further increase in extract dose. Compared to other antioxidants used in the study, α-Tocopherol, ascorbic acid and BHT,P. fascisepalaleaf extract showed less scavenging effect on α,α,-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and less reducing power on Fe3+/ferricyanide complex but better Fe2+-chelating ability. These results revealed thein vitroantioxidant activity ofP.fascisepala.Further investigations are necessary to verify these activitiesin vivo.

scholarly journals On the Anticataractogenic Effects of L-Carnosine: Is It Best Described as an Antioxidant, Metal-Chelating Agent or Glycation Inhibitor?

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamdy Abdelkader ◽  
Michael Longman ◽  
Raid G. Alany ◽  
Barbara Pierscionek
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Human Lens ◽  
Lens Epithelial Cells ◽  
Metal Chelating ◽  
Human Lens Epithelial Cells

Purpose.L-Carnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide which recently gained popularity as an anticataractogenic agent due to its purported antioxidant activities. There is a paucity of research and conclusive evidence to support such claims. This work offers compelling data that help clarify the mechanism(s) behind the anticataract properties of L-carnosine.Methods.Direct in vitro antioxidant free radical scavenging properties were assayed using three different antioxidant (TEAC, CUPRAC, and DPPH) assays. Indirect in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant assays were studied by measuring glutathione bleaching capacity and total sulfhydryl (SH) capacity of bovine lens homogenates as well as hydrogen-peroxide-stress assay using human lens epithelial cells. Whole porcine lenses were incubated in high galactose media to study the anticataract effects of L-carnosine. MTT cytotoxicity assays were conducted on human lens epithelial cells.Results.The results showed that L-carnosine is a highly potent antiglycating agent but with weak metal chelating and antioxidant properties. There were no significant decreases in lens epithelial cell viability compared to negative controls. Whole porcine lenses incubated in high galactose media and treated with 20 mM L-carnosine showed a dramatic inhibition of advanced glycation end product formation as evidenced by NBT and boronate affinity chromatography assays.Conclusion.L-Carnosine offers prospects for investigating new methods of treatment for diabetic cataract and any diseases that are caused by glycation.

In vitro antioxidant activity and phytochemical analyses of Acalypha godseffiana (Euphobiaceae) leaf extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
S.O. Olubodun ◽  
G.E. Eriyamremu ◽  
M.E. Ayevbuomwan ◽  
C.I. Nzoputa
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamin ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

The presence of various bioactive components makes it necessary to analyse plants for their potential to act as a source of useful treatments and cures for many inflammatory, infectious and pathogenic diseases. This study was carried out to determine phytochemicals and in-vitro antioxidant activities of the leaf extracts of Acalypha godseffiana. The leaves of A. godseffiana were collected, dried, pulverized and extracted separately with methanol and water using maceration method. The extract was concentrated in vacuo with rotary evaporator at 40oC. The extracts were subjected to quantitative phytochemical analysis and different anti-oxidant analytical procedures like FRAP, DPPH etc to determine the radical scavenging capabilities. The results of phytochemical analysis estimated the quantities and revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and terpenoids which varied in both extracts. The methanol and aqueous extracts exhibited antioxidant activities with relatively high IC50 (IC50 = 3.67 ìg/ml and 4.42ìg/ml respectively) which accounted for a low free radical-scavenging activity when compared with the reference antioxidant, vitamin C (IC50 = 1.51ìg/ml). The results of the study indicates that A. godseffiana leaf extracts contain secondary metabolites and possesses antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals Domestic Cooking Effects of Bambara Groundnuts and Common Beans in the Antioxidant Properties and Polyphenol Profiles

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Nyau ◽  
S. Prakash ◽  
J. Rodrigues ◽  
J. Farrant
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Phytochemical Profiles

Processing of legumes before consumption has several effects on micronutrients, macronutrients and phytonutrients. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of domestic processing on antioxidant activities and phenolic phytochemicals of the red bambara groundnuts and red beans. The study employed in vitro antioxidant assays (DPPH and FRAP) to screen for antioxidant properties, HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS and Folin Ciocalteu assay to screen for phenolic phytochemical profiles. Domestic cooking displayed positive effects on the antioxidant activity and phenolic phytochemical profiles of the two legumes. The free radical scavenging speed increased 10-fold in the methanolic extract from cooked red bambara groundnuts compared to uncooked. By contrast, the free radical scavenging speed increased 20-fold in the methanolic extract from cooked red beans compared to uncooked. HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS profiles of the cooked red bambara groundnuts and red beans revealed a number of emergent phenolic compounds, mainly flavonoids. These data indicate that cooking appear to enhance the nutraceutical profiles of the legumes investigated.

Evaluation of the Potential Cardioprotective Activity of Some Saudi Plants against Doxorubicin Toxicity

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 297-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama M. Ashour ◽  
Ashraf B. Abdel-Naim ◽  
Hossam M. Abdallah ◽  
Ayman A. Nagy ◽  
Ahmed M. Mohamadin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Cordia Myxa

Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracycline antibiotic widely used as a chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of several tumours. However, its cardiac toxicity limits its use at maximum therapeutic doses. Most studies implicated increased oxidative stress as the major determinant of DOX cardiotoxicity. The local Saudi flora is very rich in a variety of plants of quite known folkloric or traditional medicinal uses. Tribulus macropterus Boiss., Olea europaea L. subsp. africana (Mill.) P. S. Green, Tamarix aphylla (L.) H. Karst., Cynomorium coccineum L., Cordia myxa L., Calligonum comosum L’ Hér, and Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal are Saudi plants known to have antioxidant activities. The aim of the current study was to explore the potential protective effects of methanolic extracts of these seven Saudi plants against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Two plants showed promising cardioprotective potential in the order Calligonum comosum > Cordia myxa. The two plant extracts showed potent in vitro radical scavenging and antioxidant properties. They significantly protected against DOX-induced alterations in cardiac oxidative stress markers (GSH and MDA) and cardiac serum markers (CK-MB and LDH activities). Additionally, histopathological examination indicated a protection against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. In conclusion, C. comosum and C. myxa exerted protective activity against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, which is, at least partly, due to their antioxidant effect

scholarly journals In vitro gastrointestinal digestion of a bisdemethoxycurcumin-rich Curcuma longa extract and its oral bioavailability in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkataramana Heggar Sudeep ◽  
Kuluvar Gouthamchandra ◽  
Siddappa Chandrappa ◽  
Puttaswamy Naveen ◽  
Budanuru Reethi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Relative Bioavailability ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Gastrointestinal Digestion ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Turmeric Extract ◽  
In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion

Abstract Background Nonetheless curcumin has potential health benefits, its low bioavailability limits the application of conventional turmeric extract with curcumin as major curcuminoid. This is a comparative study to assess the stability, bioaccessibility and biological activity of BDMC in standardized C. longa extract (REVERC3) relative to curcumin in regular turmeric extract (RTE). Here we report the preparation of a standardized Curcuma longa extract (REVERC3™) standardized to contain 75 ± 5 w/w % bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), 1.2 ± 0.8 w/w % curcumin and 10 ± 5 w/w % demethoxycurcumin (DMC). The turmeric extracts were subjected to in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and the curcuminoids in undigested and digested samples were analyzed using HPLC to determine the bioaccessibility. Further, the undigested and digested samples were evaluated for lipase inhibition and antioxidant activities. Male Wistar rats were administered with single dose (1000 mg/kg) of standardized C. longa extract and RTE to determine the plasma concentration of BDMC and curcumin respectively at different time points using LCMS/MS. Results The bioaccessibility of BDMC was significantly higher than curcumin (p < 0.05). BDMC was found superior to curcumin having significant lipase inhibitory effect (p < 0.01), ABTS radical scavenging (p < 0.05), and nitric oxide scavenging activities (p < 0.01). Interestingly, the relative bioavailability of BDMC in standardized C. longa extract was 18.76 compared to curcumin. The Cmax of BDMC was 4.4-fold higher than curcumin. Conclusion BDMC is reported to have higher bioaccessibility and bioavailability than curcumin. Our findings rationalize use of BDMC-enriched standardized C. longa extract for improved physiological benefits counteracting the regular turmeric extract with less bioavailable curcumin as major curcuminoid.

scholarly journals Investigation of invitro Antioxidant and invivo Protective Effects of Hypericum triquetrifolium Seed Methanol Extracts against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Acute Myelotoxicity, Hemotoxicity and Hepatotoxicity in Rats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songul Cetik Yildiz ◽  
Cumali Keskin ◽  
Adnan Ayhanci
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Methanol Extracts

The aim of this study was to investigate in-vitro antioxidant properties and in-vivo protective effects of different concentrations of Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra. (HT) seed methanol extracts against acute hepatotoxicity, myelotoxicity and hematotoxicity in rats exposed to overdose of cyclophosphamide (CP). HT seed methanol extracts were tested in view of its in-vitro antioxidant activities as total phenolic contents and DPPH free radical-scavenging activity. To investigate in-vivo protective effects of HT seed methanol extracts on rat tissues; tested animals were divided into nine groups. Three groups only were treated with HT extracts (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg HT) for 6 days. Three groups were pre-treated with the extract of HT (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg HT) for 6 days and on the last day they were injected with single dose of CP (150-mg/kg body weight). Two groups were used as control groups and one group was only treated with CP (150 mg/kg) on the 6th day. The toxic effects of CP and protective effects of HT extracts on the nucleated cells which were produced by bone marrow and serum alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), oxidative stress index (OSI) levels were investigated biochemically. Additionally, liver tissue samples were examined histopathologically. Our results show that HT seed methanol extract has high total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Over dose CP administration caused hepatotoxicity, myelotoxicity and hematotoxicity on rat. Whereas, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg HT plus CP administered groups showed significant protective effects on nucleated cells. And 25, 50, 100 mg/kg HT plus CP treated groups showed an important decrease on serum ALT, ALP, LDH and OSI levels when compared with CP treated group. Our results showed that the administration of different HT doses with high doses of CP significantly reduced hepatotoxicity, myelotoxicity and hematoxicity on rats.

scholarly journals A New Insight into Meloxicam: Assessment of Antioxidant and Anti-Glycating Activity in In Vitro Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cezary Pawlukianiec ◽  
Małgorzata Ewa Gryciuk ◽  
Kacper Maksymilian Mil ◽  
Małgorzata Żendzian-Piotrowska ◽  
Anna Zalewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Oxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Protein Glycation ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Meloxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which has a preferential inhibitory effect to cyclooxyganase-2 (COX-2). Although the drug inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, the exact mechanism of meloxicam is still unknown. This is the first study to assess the effect of meloxicam on protein glyco-oxidation as well as antioxidant activity. For this purpose, we used an in vitro model of oxidized bovine serum albumin (BSA). Glucose, fructose, ribose, glyoxal and methylglyoxal were used as glycating agents, while chloramine T was used as an oxidant. We evaluated the antioxidant properties of albumin (2,2-di-phenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity, total antioxidant capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power), the intensity of protein glycation (Amadori products, advanced glycation end products) and glyco-oxidation (dityrosine, kynurenine, N-formylkynurenine, tryptophan and amyloid-β) as well as the content of protein oxidation products (advanced oxidation protein products, carbonyl groups and thiol groups). We have demonstrated that meloxicam enhances the antioxidant properties of albumin and prevents the protein oxidation and glycation under the influence of various factors such as sugars, aldehydes and oxidants. Importantly, the antioxidant and anti-glycating activity is similar to that of routinely used antioxidants such as captopril, Trolox, reduced glutathione and lipoic acid as well as protein glycation inhibitors (aminoguanidine). Pleiotropic action of meloxicam may increase the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory treatment in diseases with oxidative stress etiology.

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