Management of Puberty in Constitutional Delay of Growth and Puberty

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (s2) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. De Luca ◽  
J. Argente ◽  
L. Cavallo ◽  
E. Crowne ◽  
H.A. Delemarre-Van de Waal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
School Performance ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Short Course ◽  
Constitutional Delay

AbstractConstitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP) is the most common presenting form of short stature, but no single test can infallibly discriminate CDGP and isolated hypogonado- trophic hypogonadism. Management of puberty in CDGP aims to optimise not only growth - maintaining body proportions and improving peak bone mass without impairing growth potential - but also well-being; for example, the distress boys often suffer because of their lack of growth and pubertal progression can affect their school performance and social relationships. Typical sex steroid treatments to induce puberty in boys with CDGP include testosterone (T) enanthate, T undecanoate, mixed T esters, T transdermal patches, and oxandrolone p.o. Compared with other regimens, short-course low-dose depot T i.m. is an effective, practical, safe, well tolerated, and inexpensive regimen. Some unresolved problems in management include optimal timing and dose of sex steroid treatment, the role of GH in CDGP, and the management of CDGP in girls.

Social Motives Predict Loneliness During a Developmental Transition

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Nikitin ◽  
Alexandra M. Freund
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Avoidance ◽  
Social Approach ◽  
Social Motives ◽  
Developmental Transitions ◽  
Avoidance Motivation ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract. Establishing new social relationships is important for mastering developmental transitions in young adulthood. In a 2-year longitudinal study with four measurement occasions (T1: n = 245, T2: n = 96, T3: n = 103, T4: n = 85), we investigated the role of social motives in college students’ mastery of the transition of moving out of the parental home, using loneliness as an indicator of poor adjustment to the transition. Students with strong social approach motivation reported stable and low levels of loneliness. In contrast, students with strong social avoidance motivation reported high levels of loneliness. However, this effect dissipated relatively quickly as most of the young adults adapted to the transition over a period of several weeks. The present study also provides evidence for an interaction between social approach and social avoidance motives: Social approach motives buffered the negative effect on social well-being of social avoidance motives. These results illustrate the importance of social approach and social avoidance motives and their interplay during developmental transitions.

Mobile telephony, economy, and social logistics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirpa Tenhunen
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Mobile Telephony ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Village ◽  
Social Uses

This Chapter 4 gives a nuanced picture of the role of mobile phones in economic activities in rural West Bengal. Rather than juxtaposing economic and social uses, it explores them in tandem. How are phones used instrumentally and socially, and how do these different uses mesh and interrelate? The chapter also looks at how phone use influences social relationships, including their use for health care. Furthermore, the chapter assesses how the enhancement of logistical efficiency with the help of phones relates to development as economic growth and increased well-being. It highlights that not all people received equal economic benefits from phones. Phones have been most beneficial for the wealthiest entrepreneurs and large farmers. Those entrepreneurs whose markets extend outside the village have benefitted more than those who mainly market their products and services in the village.

scholarly journals Well-Being and Loneliness in Swiss Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Social Relationships

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birthe Macdonald ◽  
Gizem Hülür
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Stressful Event ◽  
Functional Feature ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background and Objectives The current COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing measures are an extreme stressor that might result in negative emotional experiences and feelings of loneliness. However, it is possible that social relationships might have a protective effect. In the present study, we examine how the COVID-19 pandemic affected older adults’ well-being and loneliness, and the role of structural and functional characteristics of social relationships. Research Design and Methods We use data from 99 older adults in Switzerland who participated (a) in a three-week micro-longitudinal study on social relationships and well-being in 2019 and (b) in a weekly online survey during four weeks of the COVID-19 lockdown. Results Our findings show that the global pandemic had substantial adverse effects on older adults’ emotional well-being and loneliness. In addition, aspects of social relationships were related to loneliness both before and during the pandemic. Only one functional feature of social relationships (satisfaction with communication during the pandemic) buffered adverse effects of the major stressful event. Discussion and Implications Although the social distancing measures during COVID-19 presented a major stressor for older adults’ well-being and loneliness, being able to maintain social communication to a satisfactory level during that time reduced this effect. Therefore, enabling older adults to stay in touch with their social circle based on their personal preferences might reduce the impact that any future lockdown might have on their well-being.

Circulating miR-30b levels increase during male puberty

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tero Varimo ◽  
Yafei Wang ◽  
Päivi J. Miettinen ◽  
Kirsi Vaaralahti ◽  
Matti Hero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aromatase Inhibitor ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Inhibin B ◽  
Testicular Volume ◽  
Hpg Axis ◽  
Relative Expression ◽  
Male Puberty ◽  
Constitutional Delay ◽  
Design And Methods

OBJECTIVE: The role of microRNAs as endocrine regulators is emerging, and microRNA mir-30b has been reported to repress Mkrn3. However, the expression of miR-30b during male puberty has not been studied. DESIGN AND METHODS: Circulating relative miR-30b expression was assessed in sera of 26 boys with constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP), treated with low-dose testosterone (T) (n=11) or aromatase inhibitor letrozole (n=15) for 6 months and followed up to 12 months (NCT01797718). The associations between the relative expression of miR-30b and hormonal markers of puberty were evaluated. RESULTS: During the 12 months of the study, circulating miR-30b expression increased 2.4 ± 2.5 (SD) fold (p=0.008) in all boys, but this change did not correlate with corresponding changes in LH, testosterone, inhibin B, FSH, or testicular volume (p=0.25-0.96). Lz-induced activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis was associated with more variable miR-30b responses at 3 months (P<0.05), whereas those treated with T exhibited significant changes in relative miR-30b levels in the course the study (p<0.01-0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Circulating miR-30b expression in boys with CDGP increases in the course of puberty, and appears to be related to the activity of the HPG axis.

scholarly journals A Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Acute Spinal Cord Injury: Introduction, Rationale, and Scope

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 84S-94S ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Fehlings ◽  
Lindsay A. Tetreault ◽  
Jefferson R. Wilson ◽  
Brian K. Kwon ◽  
Anthony S. Burns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Sodium Succinate ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Acute Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Cord Injury

Acute spinal cord injury (SCI) is a traumatic event that results in disturbances to normal sensory, motor, or autonomic function and ultimately affects a patient’s physical, psychological, and social well-being. The management of patients with SCI has drastically evolved over the past century as a result of increasing knowledge on injury mechanisms, disease pathophysiology, and the role of surgery. There still, however, remain controversial areas surrounding available management strategies for the treatment of SCI, including the use of corticosteroids such as methylprednisolone sodium succinate, the optimal timing of surgical intervention, the type and timing of anticoagulation prophylaxis, the role of magnetic resonance imaging, and the type and timing of rehabilitation. This lack of consensus has prevented the standardization of care across treatment centers and among the various disciplines that encounter patients with SCI. The objective of this guideline is to form evidence-based recommendations for these areas of controversy and outline how to best manage patients with SCI. The ultimate goal of these guidelines is to improve outcomes and reduce morbidity in patients with SCI by promoting standardization of care and encouraging clinicians to make evidence-informed decisions.

scholarly journals Vitamin Nature: How Coronavirus Disease 2019 Has Highlighted Factors Contributing to the Frequency of Nature Visits in Flanders, Belgium

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Lenaerts ◽  
Sofie Heyman ◽  
Annelies De Decker ◽  
Laura Lauwers ◽  
Ann Sterckx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Public Events ◽  
The People ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Visiting nature is positively associated with physical and mental well-being. The role of nature became more pronounced during the coronavirus outbreak in the spring of 2020. Countries all over the world implemented confinement measures to reduce the transmission of the virus. These included but were not limited to the cancelation of public events, schools, and non-essential businesses and the prohibition of non-essential travels. However, going outside to exercise was recommended by the Belgian government. During this period, we conducted an online survey to determine if people visit nature more frequently than before and to identify the factors that contribute to this. The results are based on data from 11,352 participants in Flanders, Belgium. With the use of a bivariate and multiple regression analysis, results indicate that people visit nature more frequently than before and that nature helped to maintain social relationships during the coronavirus period. Gardens were reported to be the most popular place, followed by parks. More than half of the people experienced nature in a more positive way, and the belief that nature visits are important for general health increased. In addition, we found a positive association between nature visits and home satisfaction, as well as a positive association with subjective mental and physical health. Lastly, we identified several demographic factors contributing to the frequency of nature visits such as age, gender, and socioeconomic status. Our findings indicate the importance of nature visits for general well-being and highlight the need for nearby green infrastructure.

Daily social interactions and well-being in older adults: The role of interaction modality

2021 ◽  
pp. 026540752110525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birthe Macdonald ◽  
Minxia Luo ◽  
Gizem Hülür
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Face To Face

Associations between social relationships and well-being are widely documented across the lifespan, including in older age. Older adults increasingly use digital communication technologies. In the present study, we examine the role of social interactions for older adults’ daily well-being with a focus on three interaction modalities (face-to-face, telephone, and digital). Specifically, we examine (a) whether people who are more socially active than others report higher levels of well-being and (b) how day-to-day fluctuations in the number of social interactions are associated with day-to-day fluctuations of well-being, separately by interaction modality. We use data from 115 participants (age: M = 72 years, SD = 5, range = 65–94; 40% women), who documented their social interactions over 21 days and reported their well-being each evening (including positive affect, negative affect, and loneliness). Taken together, our findings show that frequency of face-to-face interactions is more consistently related to well-being than telephone or digital interactions. At the between-person level, those who report more face-to-face social interactions than others across 21 days report higher levels of positive affect than others. At the within-person level, on days where participants report more face-to-face social interactions than their own average, they report higher positive affect, lower negative affect, and lower loneliness than usual. In addition, a higher number of digital interactions is associated with lower negative affect at the between-person level. In summary, our findings suggest that face-to-face social interactions are uniquely relevant to older adults’ daily well-being. We discuss implications of these findings for future research.

Trajectories of Well-Being in Later Life

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nardi Steverink
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Control Beliefs ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Regulatory Ability ◽  
And Control ◽  
Substantial Extent

Well-being is a core concept for both individuals, groups and societies. Greater understanding of trajectories of well-being in later life may contribute to the achievement and maintenance of well-being for as many as possible. This article reviews two main approaches to well-being: hedonic and eudaimonic well-being, and shows that it is not chronological age per se, but various factors related to age that underlie trajectories of well-being at older ages. Next to the role of genes, heritability and personality traits, well-being is determined to a substantial extent by external circumstances and resources (e.g., health and social relationships), and to malleable individual behaviors and beliefs (e.g., self-regulatory ability and control beliefs). Although many determinants have been identified, it remains difficult to decide which of them are most important. Moreover, the role of some determinants varies for different indicators of well-being, such as positive affect and life satisfaction. Several prominent goal- and need-based models of well-being in later life are discussed, which explicate mechanisms underlying trajectories of well-being at older ages. These are the model of Selection, Optimization, and Compensation, the Motivational Theory of Lifespan Development, Socio-emotional Selectivity Theory, Ryff’s model of Psychological Well-Being, Self-Determination Theory, and Self-Management of Well-being theory. Also, interventions based on these models are reviewed, although not all of them address older adults. It is concluded that the literature on well-being in later life is enormous, and, together with various conceptual models, offers many important insights. Still, the field would benefit from more theoretical integration, and from more attention to the development and testing of theory-based interventions. This remains a challenge for the science of well-being in later life, and could be an important contribution to the well-being of a still growing proportion of the population.

Curiosity and Interest: The Benefits of Thriving on Novelty and Challenge

2009 ◽  
pp. 366-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd B. Kashdan ◽  
Paul J. Silvia
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Scientific Attention

An imbalance exists between the role of curiosity as a motivational force in nearly all human endeavors and the lack of scientific attention given to the topic. In recent years, however, there has been a proliferation of concepts that capture the essence of curiosity—recognizing, seeking out, and showing a preference for the new. In this chapter, we combine this work to address the nature of curiosity, where it fits in the larger scheme of positive emotions, the advantages of being curious in social relationships, links between curiosity and elements of well-being, and how it has been used in interventions to improve people's quality of life. Our emphasis is on methodologically sophisticated findings that show how curiosity operates in the laboratory and everyday life, and how, under certain conditions, curiosity can be a profound source of strength or a liability. People who are regularly curious and willing to embrace the novelty, uncertainty, and challenges that are inevitable as we navigate the shoals of everyday life are at an advantage in creating a fulfilling existence compared with their less curious peers. Our brief review is designed to bring further attention to this neglected, underappreciated, human universal.

Facebook users’ loneliness based on different types of interpersonal relationships

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 646-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myung Suh Lim ◽  
Junghyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Malicious Envy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mediational Role

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate: first, the effects of a user’s grandiosity on the loneliness of another user on Facebook who detected it in terms of his/her well-being status; second, the mediational role of envy between grandiosity and loneliness; and, third, whether different effects are given on narcissism, envy, and loneliness depending on social or para-social relationships on Facebook. Design/methodology/approach This study’s focus is to investigate how observing others’ grandiose behaviors impact on individuals’ feeling of loneliness. The authors propose that this relationship is mediated by the feeling of envy. The authors further postulate that social relationships that participants may have with other Facebook users would play a key role in feeling different types of envy (i.e. malicious vs benign). Therefore, the current study employed a 2 (levels of grandiosity: high vs low) × 2 (social relationship: para-social vs social) between-subjects design. Findings The authors found that one’s grandiosity as reflected on Facebook significantly affects other users’ loneliness through malicious envy. However, no moderated mediation via envy (either benign or malicious) was found within the social relationship group. Originality/value Social comparison generated by the use of Facebook was found to have an effect on the user’s loneliness through the mediation of envy. In particular, the possibility that such effects could be triggered in para-social relationships was identified.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document